US4028215A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Manganese dioxide electrode
Assignee: ELECTRODE Corp A CORP OF
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Filing: 1975-12-29
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Granted: 1977-06-07
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Expires: 1995-12-29
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes especially electrowinning processes wherein a metal substrate made of a valve metal such as titanium carries a semiconducting intermediate coating consisting of a combination of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating consisting of manganese dioxide applied in a series of layers.
Inventors
- 👤 David L. Lewis
- 👤 C. Richard Franks
- 👤 Barry A. Schenker
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:23
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; C25B11/073; C25B11/091
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
An electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising: a valve metal substrate selected from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium and alloys thereof; on the surface of said valve metal substrate, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of tin and antimony compounds applied and converted to their respective oxides such that said semi-conductive intermediate coating attains a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area; and on the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of manganese dioxide such that said top coating attains a weight greater than 25 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
An electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising: a valve metal substrate selected from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium and alloys thereof; on the surface of said valve metal substrate, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of tin and antimony compounds applied and converted to their respective oxides such that said semi-conductive intermediate coating attains a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area; and on the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of manganese dioxide such that said top coating attains a weight greater than 25 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said valve metal substrate is titanium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrode according to claim 2 wherein said valve metal substrate is porous titanium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said semi-conductive intermediate coating of tin and antimony compounds has between 0.1 and 30 weight percent of antimony compounds.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrode according to claim 4 wherein said semi-conductive intermediate coating of tin and antimony compounds has an amount of antimony compounds within the preferred range of 3 to 15 weight percent.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
168 words
A method for the manufacture of an electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising the steps of: selecting a valve metal substrate from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium or alloys thereof; applying to the valve metal substrate two to six coats of, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of thermally decomposable compounds of tin and antimony containing 0.1 to 30 weight percent antimony to attain a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area; drying the semi-conductive intermediate coating at a temperature in the range of 100° to 200° centigrade; baking the semi-conductive intermediate coating in an oxidizing atmosphere at an elevated temperature in the range of 250° to 800° C to transform the tin and antimony compounds to their respective oxides; and applying on the surface of the semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of manganese dioxide weighing more than 25 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
168 words
A method for the manufacture of an electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising the steps of: selecting a valve metal substrate from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium or alloys thereof; applying to the valve metal substrate two to six coats of, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of thermally decomposable compounds of tin and antimony containing 0.1 to 30 weight percent antimony to attain a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area; drying the semi-conductive intermediate coating at a temperature in the range of 100° to 200° centigrade; baking the semi-conductive intermediate coating in an oxidizing atmosphere at an elevated temperature in the range of 250° to 800° C to transform the tin and antimony compounds to their respective oxides; and applying on the surface of the semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of manganese dioxide weighing more than 25 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein each coat of the semi-conductive intermediate coating is dried before subsequent application of the next layer, and being baked at the conclusion thereof to their respective oxides.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said outer coating is applied by painting manganese nitrate in a series of layers, dried, and baked to its dioxide form.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said outer coating of manganese dioxide is applied by electroplating manganese dioxide upon the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said outer coating is applied by electroplating in a bath containing manganese sulfate; drying the layer at room temperature; painting a solution containing manganese nitrate over said electroplated layer; baking said outer coating to transform the manganese into its dioxide form; and repeating this process two to six times.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein porous titanium is selected, and the method for applying the semiconductive intermediate coating is by sucking a solution through the substrate using a vacuum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 11 wherein the method for applying the top coating of manganese dioxide is by sucking a manganese nitrate solution through the substrate using a vacuum and baking said top coating to transform the manganese to its dioxide form.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-06-06 | 1980-12-06 | 1981-06-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-06-06 | 1984-12-06 | 1985-06-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-06-06 | 1988-12-06 | 1989-06-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |