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US4025408A
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Deuterium separation by infrared-induced addition reaction
Assignee: Energy Research and Development Administration ERDA
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Filing: 1976-05-28
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Granted: 1977-05-24
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Expires: 1996-05-28
Abstract
Abstract A method for deuterium enrichment by the infrared-induced addition reaction of a deuterium halide with an unsaturated aliphatic compound. A gaseous mixture of a hydrogen halide feedstock and an unsaturated aliphatic compound, particularly an olefin, is irradiated to selectively vibrationally excite the deuterium halide contained therein. The excited deuterium halide preferentially reacts with the unsaturated aliphatic compound to produce a deuterated addition product which is removed from the reaction mixture.
Inventors
- 👤 John B. Marling
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 08:26
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D59/00; B01D59/34; B01J; B01J19/00; B01J19/08; B01J19/12; B01J19/121; C; C01; C01B; C01B4/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A method for separating isotopes of hydrogen which comprises: providing a gaseous mixture comprising a hydrogen halide in which hydrogen is present in a plurality of isotopes and an unsaturated aliphatic compound characterized by an activation energy for ground state hydrogen halide addition of less than about 40 Kcal/mole; subjecting said mixture to radiation at a predetermined photon energy to excite those molecules of hydrogen halide containing a desired isotope of hydrogen to a predetermined vibrational energy level corresponding to said predetermined photon energy without substantially exciting those molecules of hydrogen halide containing an undesired isotope of hydrogen, the excited molecules thereby preferentially reacting with said unsaturated aliphatic compound by an addition reaction to produce an addition product enriched in the desired isotope; and separating the resulting addition product enriched in the desired isotope from the reaction mixture.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
138 words
A method for separating isotopes of hydrogen which comprises: providing a gaseous mixture comprising a hydrogen halide in which hydrogen is present in a plurality of isotopes and an unsaturated aliphatic compound characterized by an activation energy for ground state hydrogen halide addition of less than about 40 Kcal/mole; subjecting said mixture to radiation at a predetermined photon energy to excite those molecules of hydrogen halide containing a desired isotope of hydrogen to a predetermined vibrational energy level corresponding to said predetermined photon energy without substantially exciting those molecules of hydrogen halide containing an undesired isotope of hydrogen, the excited molecules thereby preferentially reacting with said unsaturated aliphatic compound by an addition reaction to produce an addition product enriched in the desired isotope; and separating the resulting addition product enriched in the desired isotope from the reaction mixture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the desired isotope is deuterium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the radiation is laser radiation.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said unsaturated aliphatic compound is characterized by an activation energy for ground state hydrogen halide addition in the range of from about 10 to about 30 Kcal/mole.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said hydrogen halide is selected from hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and hydrogen iodide.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
102 words
A method for deuterium enrichment which comprises: providing a gaseous mixture comprising a hydrogen halide feedstock containing molecules of deuterium halide and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon characterized by an activation energy for ground state hydrogen halide addition in the range of from about 10 to about 30 Kcal/mole; subjecting said mixture to laser radiation at a predetermined photon energy to selectively excite the molecules of deuterium halide to a corresponding predetermined vibrational energy level, the excited molecules thereby preferentially reacting with said aliphatic hydrocarbon to produce a deuterium enriched addition product; and separating said deuterium enriched addition product from the reaction mixture.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
102 words
A method for deuterium enrichment which comprises: providing a gaseous mixture comprising a hydrogen halide feedstock containing molecules of deuterium halide and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon characterized by an activation energy for ground state hydrogen halide addition in the range of from about 10 to about 30 Kcal/mole; subjecting said mixture to laser radiation at a predetermined photon energy to selectively excite the molecules of deuterium halide to a corresponding predetermined vibrational energy level, the excited molecules thereby preferentially reacting with said aliphatic hydrocarbon to produce a deuterium enriched addition product; and separating said deuterium enriched addition product from the reaction mixture.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the predetermined vibrational energy level is the ν= 1 level.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein the radiation is supplied by a CO laser.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the predetermined vibrational energy level is selected from the group consisting of ν = 2 and ν = 3 and is accessed in a single excitation step.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein the predetermined vibrational energy level is ν = 3 and the radiation is supplied by a holmium-YAG laser.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the predetermined vibrational energy level is higher than 1 and is accessed in at least two successive energy stages.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 11 wherein selective excitation is achieved by successive absorption of CO laser supplied photons.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-pentadiene; methyl-substituted 1,3-pentadienes; 1,3-cyclopentadiene; and 1,3-cyclohexadiene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the hydrogen halide feedstock is selected from hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and hydrogen iodide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the radiation is supplied by a deuterium halide laser wherein the halide matches the halide of the hydrogen halide feedstock.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 15 wherein the predetermined vibrational level is higher than 1 and is accessed in at least two successive energy stages.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-23 | 1980-11-22 | 1981-05-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-23 | 1984-11-22 | 1985-05-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-23 | 1988-11-22 | 1989-05-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |