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Patent US4021927A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4021927A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for fluidization
Assignee: Unilever Bestfoods North America
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Filing: 1975-11-21
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Granted: 1977-05-10
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Expires: 1995-11-21
Abstract
Abstract A fluidization process, particularly well suited for the fluidization of solids difficult to fluidize, wherein the solids are introduced to either an upper or lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting both the upper and lower fluidized zones to mechanical agitation. The solids flow from the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones positioned intermediate to the upper and lower fluidized zones wherein the fluidized solids are subjected to heat transfer. The solids flowing from the intermediate tubular zones pass to the lower agitated zone. The process of the invention can be used for a variety of fluidization operations, including physical processes such as drying and chemical processes, and particularly fluidization processes for drying and/or chemically modifying starches.
Inventors
- 👤 Leo R. Idaszak
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 07:05
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/24; B01J8/38; B01J8/26; B01J8/28; C; C08; C08B; C08B30/00; C08B30/12; C08B30/18; C08B31/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 64
Claim 1
Independent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the fluidized zone.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the solids are group C solids.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
96 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids which are cohesive comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
96 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids which are cohesive comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 6 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 6 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 6 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 10 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 10 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 10 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 10 wherein the solids are group C solids.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
96 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids which are cohesive comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
96 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing solids which are cohesive comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 15 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 15 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 15 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidizing zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidizing zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 19 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 19 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 19 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fluidization process for fluidizing starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 23 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 23 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 23 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
94 words
A process for fluidized drying of solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
94 words
A process for fluidized drying of solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized solids in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 27 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 27 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 27 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 27 wherein the solids are group C solids.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the fluidized drying of solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the fluidized drying of solids comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding solids to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the solids in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated fluidized solids in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the solids in the upper fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the solids fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 32 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 32 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 32 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 32 wherein the solids are group C solids.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
88 words
A process for the fluidized drying of starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
88 words
A process for the fluidized drying of starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 37 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 37 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 37 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the fluidized drying of starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated fluidized starch in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the upper fluidized zones, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the fluidized drying of starch comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch to a lower fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the lower fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated fluidized starch in the lower fluidized zone upwardly with the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into an upper fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the upper fluidized zones, and c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch fluidized in the tubular fluidized zones.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 41 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 41 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 41 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
119 words
A fluidization process for the preparation of starch derivatives comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch blended with a reactant capable of reaction with starch to produce the desired derivative to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch blended with said reactant in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch blended in the tubular fluidized zones, and d. recovering the starch derivative.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
119 words
A fluidization process for the preparation of starch derivatives comprising the steps of a. simultaneously feeding starch blended with a reactant capable of reaction with starch to produce the desired derivative to an upper fluidized zone while continuously subjecting the starch in the upper fluidized zone to mechanical agitation, b. passing the agitated, fluidized starch blended with said reactant in the upper fluidized zone downwardly against the fluidizing gas through a plurality of tubular fluidized zones into a lower fluidized zone while mechanically agitating the starch in the lower fluidized zone, c. contacting the tubular zones with heat exchange media to effect heat transfer with the starch blended in the tubular fluidized zones, and d. recovering the starch derivative.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower fluidized zone and is passed upwardly through the lower fluidized zone, through the tubular zones, and into the upper fluidized zone.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein each tubular zone has a cross sectional area less than the cross sectional area of the upper fluidized zone and the lower fluidized zone.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein the heat transfer with the tubular zones includes heating the tubular zones.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein the reactant is a glycidyltrialkylammonium halide, and the starch derivative formed is a cationic starch.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein the reactant is an alkali metal tripolyphosphate, and the starch derivative is a starch phosphate ester.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as defined in claim 45 wherein the reactant is urea, and the starch derivative is a starch carbamate.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
22 words
A fluidization process as defined in claim 45 wherein said reactant is an acid catalyst to convert the starch to starch dextrin.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
31 words
A fluidization process as defined in claim 52 wherein the acid catalyst is HCl, and the starch is heated to a temperature within the range of 125° F to 380° F.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-09 | 1980-11-08 | 1981-05-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-09 | 1984-11-08 | 1985-05-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-09 | 1988-11-08 | 1989-05-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |