US4019878A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Additive combination for cold flow improvement of middle distillate fuel oil
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1974-12-17
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Granted: 1977-04-26
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Expires: 1994-12-17
Abstract
Abstract Additive combinations of (A) ethylene-containing polymers, e.g. copolymers of about 4 to 30 molar proportions of ethylene copolymerized with an unsaturated ester, with: (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax, and/or (D) long chained alpha -olefins are cold flow improvers for middle-distillate petroleum fuels.
Inventors
- 👤 Max J. Wisotsky
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 14:19
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/143; C10L1/16; C10L1/1625; C10L1/1633; C10L1/1641; C10L1/1691; C10L1/18; C10L1/1802; C10L1/192; C10L1/195; C10L1/196; C10L1/1963; C10L1/1966; C10L1/197; C10L1/1973
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
220 words
A distillate fuel oil improved in its cold flow characteristics comprising a major proportion of an atmospheric distillate petroleum oil having a cloud point of at least about -15° C., and a synergistic flow improving combination in the range of about 0.005 to 3 wt.% of: A 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of an oil soluble ethylene-containing polymeric pour point depressant having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000, and selected from the group consisting of: 1. branched polyethylene; 2. ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 5 to 35 wt.% chlorine; 3. copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C 3 to C 16 alpha monoolefin, or a monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or diester of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl; R 2 is a --OOCR 4 or -COOR 4 group wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 16 alkyl group; and R 3 is hydrogen or --COOR 4 ; per part by weight of coadditive selected from the group consisting of (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax and (D) a mixture of alpha-monoolefins having at least 24 carbon atoms up to about 50 carbon atoms, wherein a major proportion by weight of said olefin mixture is C 30 and higher olefins.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
220 words
A distillate fuel oil improved in its cold flow characteristics comprising a major proportion of an atmospheric distillate petroleum oil having a cloud point of at least about -15° C., and a synergistic flow improving combination in the range of about 0.005 to 3 wt.% of: A 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of an oil soluble ethylene-containing polymeric pour point depressant having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000, and selected from the group consisting of: 1. branched polyethylene; 2. ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 5 to 35 wt.% chlorine; 3. copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C 3 to C 16 alpha monoolefin, or a monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or diester of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl; R 2 is a --OOCR 4 or -COOR 4 group wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 16 alkyl group; and R 3 is hydrogen or --COOR 4 ; per part by weight of coadditive selected from the group consisting of (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax and (D) a mixture of alpha-monoolefins having at least 24 carbon atoms up to about 50 carbon atoms, wherein a major proportion by weight of said olefin mixture is C 30 and higher olefins.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein said coadditive is said beeswax.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein said coadditive is said ozokerite wax.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein said coadditive is said mixture of alpha-monoolefins.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein said ethylene-containing polymeric pour point depressant has a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 5,000 and is a copolymer consisting essentially of ethylene with vinyl acetate, and wherein about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of said copolymer is used per part by weight of said coadditive.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel oil according to claim 5, wherein said coadditive is said mixture of alpha-monoolefins.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel oil according to claim 5, wherein said coadditive is said beeswax.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel oil according to claim 5, wherein said coadditive is said ozokerite wax.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
49 words
A fuel oil according to claim 6, wherein said oil consists essentially of fuel oil boiling in the range of 120° C. to 400° C., having a cloud point of from about 5° C. to about -15° C., and a pour point within 3° C. of the cloud point.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
211 words
An additive concentrate blend useful for improving the cold flow characteristics of petroleum fuel oil having a cloud point of at least about -15° C. comprising oil containing 3 to 75 wt.% of a mixture of: A. 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of an oil soluble ethylene-containing polymeric pour point depressant having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000, and selected from the group consisting of: 1. branched polyethylene; 2. ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 5 to 35 wt.% chlorine; 3. copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C 3 to C 16 alpha monoolefin, or a monoethylenically unsaturted mono- or diester of the general formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl; R 2 is a --OOCR 4 or --COOR 4 group wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 16 alkyl group; and R 3 is hydrogen or --COOR 4 ; per part by weight of a coadditive selected from the group consisting of (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax and (D) a mixture of alpha-monoolefins having at least 24 carbon atoms up to about 50 carbon atoms, wherein a major proportion by weight of said olefin mixture is C 30 and higher olefins.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
211 words
An additive concentrate blend useful for improving the cold flow characteristics of petroleum fuel oil having a cloud point of at least about -15° C. comprising oil containing 3 to 75 wt.% of a mixture of: A. 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of an oil soluble ethylene-containing polymeric pour point depressant having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000, and selected from the group consisting of: 1. branched polyethylene; 2. ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 5 to 35 wt.% chlorine; 3. copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C 3 to C 16 alpha monoolefin, or a monoethylenically unsaturted mono- or diester of the general formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl; R 2 is a --OOCR 4 or --COOR 4 group wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 16 alkyl group; and R 3 is hydrogen or --COOR 4 ; per part by weight of a coadditive selected from the group consisting of (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax and (D) a mixture of alpha-monoolefins having at least 24 carbon atoms up to about 50 carbon atoms, wherein a major proportion by weight of said olefin mixture is C 30 and higher olefins.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
An additive concentrate according to claim 10, wherein said ethylene-containing pour point depressant is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and said coadditive is said mixture of alpha-monoolefins.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-25 | 1980-10-25 | 1981-04-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-25 | 1984-10-25 | 1985-04-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-25 | 1988-10-25 | 1989-04-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |