US4019862A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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CO2 measurement and reagents therefor
Assignee: Corning Glass Works
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Filing: 1976-06-23
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Granted: 1977-04-26
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Expires: 1996-06-23
Abstract
Abstract Reagent compositions for use in CO 2 analysis which comprise certain acids and/or buffered acids together with selected additives. The acids and buffered acids have pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury. Examples of these acids include lactic acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, oxalic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid. The additives, which can be used separately or with one another, are ethers of fatty alcohols and polyoxyethylene (having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H), glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, and pH sensitive indicator dyes, including methyl red, p-nitrophenol, neutral red, phenolphthalein, and o-cresolphthalein. An improved method for analysis of CO 2 in body fluids comprises the steps of adding these reagents to body fluid samples to release CO 2 therefrom into a gas space, displacing the released CO 2 to a detector, and measuring the amount of released CO 2 in the detector. Generally, acid reagents including at least one of the ethers of fatty alcohols and polyoxyethylene are preferable for releasing CO 2 from a body fluid sample.
Inventors
- 👤 Harald Dahms
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 08:34
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/84; G01N31/00; G01N31/22; G01N31/223; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T436/00; Y10T436/20; Y10T436/204998
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 49
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
An acid reagent for use in clinical analysis comprising an acid having a pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10 mm mercury and an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
46 words
An acid reagent for use in clinical analysis comprising an acid having a pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10 mm mercury and an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
The reagent of claim 1, where said acid is selected from the class consisting of lactic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The reagent of claim 1, where said acid is a buffered acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
8 words
The reagent of claim 1, further including glycerin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
9 words
The reagent of claim 1, further including polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The reagent of claim 1, where said ethers are present in a concentration greater than 1 gram per liter and less than 80 grams per liter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The reagent of claim 1, further including an indicator dye being pH sensitive in the range 3 = pH = 11.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The reagent of claim 7, where said dyes are selected from the class comprising methyl red, p-nitrophenol, neutral red, phenolphthalein, and o-cresolphthalein.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
94 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in body fluids comprising the steps of adding an acid reagent to a sample of said body fluid to release CO 2 thereform into a gas space, said reagent being comprised of an acid having a pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury together with an ether of a fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, and displacing said released CO 2 to a detector where a sample of said CO 2 is measured.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
94 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in body fluids comprising the steps of adding an acid reagent to a sample of said body fluid to release CO 2 thereform into a gas space, said reagent being comprised of an acid having a pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury together with an ether of a fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, and displacing said released CO 2 to a detector where a sample of said CO 2 is measured.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
66 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising an acid selected from the class consisting essentially of lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, citric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid, and an ether of fatty alcohols and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
66 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising an acid selected from the class consisting essentially of lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, citric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid, and an ether of fatty alcohols and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The reagent of claim 10 where said ether is present in a concentration greater than 1 gram per liter and less than 80 grams per liter.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
8 words
The reagent of claim 10, further including glycerin.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
9 words
The reagent of claim 10, further including polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The reagent of claim 10, further including a pH sensitive dye.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The reagent of claim 14, where said dye is selected from the class consisting essentially of methyl red, p-nitrophenol, neutral red, phenolphthalein, and o-cresolphthalein.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
10 words
The reagent of claim 10, where said acid is buffered.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
110 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid, comprising the steps of: adding an acid reagent to a sample of body fluid to release CO 2 therefrom into a gas space, said reagent comprising an acid selected from the class consisting essentially of lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, citric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid, and an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, displacing said released CO 2 to a detector, and measuring a sample of said released CO 2 .
Claim 21
Independent Claim
110 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid, comprising the steps of: adding an acid reagent to a sample of body fluid to release CO 2 therefrom into a gas space, said reagent comprising an acid selected from the class consisting essentially of lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, citric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, picric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid, and an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, displacing said released CO 2 to a detector, and measuring a sample of said released CO 2 .
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
51 words
An acid reagent used to analyze constituents in body fluids, said reagent including an acid having pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury together with a pH sensitive dye which is sensitive to pH in the range of pH 3 to about pH 11.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
51 words
An acid reagent used to analyze constituents in body fluids, said reagent including an acid having pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury together with a pH sensitive dye which is sensitive to pH in the range of pH 3 to about pH 11.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The reagent of claim 18, where said dye is selected from the class consisting essentially of methyl red, p-nitrophenol, neutral red, phenolphthalein, and o-cresolphthalein.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
The reagent of claim 19, where said dye is present in an amount less than 0.1 grams per liter.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
91 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent with said body fluid sample to release CO 2 into a gas space, said reagent comprising an acid having pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury plus a pH sensitive dye which is sensitive to pH in the range of about pH 3 to about pH 11. displacing said released CO 2 to a detector, and measuring said released CO 2 with said detector.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
91 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent with said body fluid sample to release CO 2 into a gas space, said reagent comprising an acid having pH less than 4 and a vapor pressure not in excess of 10mm mercury plus a pH sensitive dye which is sensitive to pH in the range of about pH 3 to about pH 11. displacing said released CO 2 to a detector, and measuring said released CO 2 with said detector.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
35 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising lactic acid together with an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
35 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising lactic acid together with an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene, said ether having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
26 words
The reagent of claim 22, where said ether is present in a concentration greater than 1 gram per liter and less than 80 grams per liter.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
The reagent of claim 22, further including a pH sensitive dye.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
8 words
The reagent of claim 22, further including glycerin.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
8 words
The reagent of claim 22, further including polyvinylalcohol.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
The reagent of claim 22, where said lactic acid is buffered.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
22 words
The reagent of claim 22, where said ethers are selected from the class consisting essentially of R-Lauryl, R-Cetyl, R-Oleyl (n=10), R-Oleyl (n=20).
Claim 36
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 into a gas space, said reagent comprising lactic acid together with an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, displacing said released CO 2 to a detector and, detecting the amount of said released CO 2 .
Claim 37
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a sample of body fluid comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 into a gas space, said reagent comprising lactic acid together with an ether of fatty alcohol and polyoxyethylene having the structure R--O--(C 2 H 4 --O) n H, displacing said released CO 2 to a detector and, detecting the amount of said released CO 2 .
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids, comprising lactic acid and glycerin in a concentration greater than 0.5 grams per liter and less than 40 grams per liter.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
32 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids, comprising lactic acid and glycerin in a concentration greater than 0.5 grams per liter and less than 40 grams per liter.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluid samples, comprising lactic acid together with polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
19 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluid samples, comprising lactic acid together with polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
45 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a body fluid sample, comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 therefrom, said reagent comprising lactic acid and glycerin, and measuring said released CO 2 in a detector.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
45 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in a body fluid sample, comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 therefrom, said reagent comprising lactic acid and glycerin, and measuring said released CO 2 in a detector.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
54 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in body fluid samples, comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 therefrom, said reagent being comprised of lactic acid together with polyvinyl alcohol, displacing said released CO 2 , and measuring said released CO 2 with a detector.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
54 words
A method for analyzing CO 2 in body fluid samples, comprising the steps of: combining an acid reagent and said body fluid sample to release CO 2 therefrom, said reagent being comprised of lactic acid together with polyvinyl alcohol, displacing said released CO 2 , and measuring said released CO 2 with a detector.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
29 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising lactic acid, nitric acid, and polyvinyl alcohol in a concentration between 2 and 180 grams per liter.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
29 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising lactic acid, nitric acid, and polyvinyl alcohol in a concentration between 2 and 180 grams per liter.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
27 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising nitric acid and polyvinyl alcohol in a concentration between 2 and 180 grams per liter.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
27 words
An acid reagent for use in releasing species from body fluids comprising nitric acid and polyvinyl alcohol in a concentration between 2 and 180 grams per liter.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-25 | 1980-10-25 | 1981-04-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-25 | 1984-10-25 | 1985-04-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-25 | 1988-10-25 | 1989-04-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |