Patent US4013481A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4013481A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Pigment formulation
Assignee: Bayer AG
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Filing: 1972-12-04
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Granted: 1977-03-22
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Expires: 1992-12-04
Abstract
Abstract Process for the manufacture of pigment preparations by comminution in the presence of surface-active agents which can be saponified under acid or alkaline conditions and which contain at least one group which confers solubility in a radical which is to be split off during the saponification.
Inventors
- 👤 Hans-Heinz Molls
- 👤 Karlheinz Wolf
- 👤 Reinhold Hornle
- 👤 Gottfried Popp
- 👤 Konrad Nonn
- 👤 Jurgen Spille
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 09:33
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09C; C09C3/00; C09C3/04; C09C3/041; C09B; C09B67/00; C09B67/0001; C09B67/0004; C09B67/0008; C09B67/0009; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/61
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
77 words
In the process of comminution of aqueous pigment dispersions or pigment pastes in the presence of a surface active agent; the improvement comprising utilizing as said surface-active agent in an amount of 0.1 to 50% relative to pigment, a surface-active agent which is saponifiable under acidic or alkaline conditions; following comminution, saponifying said surface active agent under acidic or alkaline conditions; and removing saponification products having solubility in water; the resulting pigment being free of surface-active agent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
77 words
In the process of comminution of aqueous pigment dispersions or pigment pastes in the presence of a surface active agent; the improvement comprising utilizing as said surface-active agent in an amount of 0.1 to 50% relative to pigment, a surface-active agent which is saponifiable under acidic or alkaline conditions; following comminution, saponifying said surface active agent under acidic or alkaline conditions; and removing saponification products having solubility in water; the resulting pigment being free of surface-active agent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein comminution is conducted on a mixture consisting of said pigment, water and said surface-active agent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 in which saponification is conducted under alkaline conditions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
116 words
Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface-active agents used are carboxylic acid esters of the general formula ##EQU9## wherein R 1 represents an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, which is free of groups conferring solubility in water, Y represents O or NH and R 2 represents --(CH 2 ) n --SO 3 X or --(CH 2 --CH 2 --O) m --H or --CH 2 --CH 2 --N(CH 2 --CH 2 OH) 2 wherein n denotes an integer from 2 - 4, m denotes an integer >3 and X represents H or the radical of a cation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface-active agents used are carboxylic acid esters of the general formula ##EQU10## in which the R 3 are identical or different and represent H, aryl, lower aralkyl and lower alkyl,
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
Z represents an anion and R 1 represents an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, which is free of groups conferring solubility in water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
Z represents an anion and R 1 represents an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, which is free of groups conferring solubility in water.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
76 words
Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface-active agents used are formamidium salts of the formula ##EQU11## wherein the R 3 are identical or different and represent H, aryl, lower aralkyl and lower alkyl, R 1 represents an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, which is free of groups conferring solubility in water and Z represents an anion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
66 words
Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface-active agents used are bisulphite adducts of the formula ##EQU12## in which R 1 represents an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, which is free of groups conferring solubility in water and X represents H or the radical of a cation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
83 words
The process of claim 1 in which said surface-active agent is a partial ester of a polybasic acid; acid has the formula R.sub.1 O -- A -- O -- X wherein R 1 is an alkyl radical with more than 6 C atoms or an alkaryl radical with more than 4 C atoms in the alkyl group, and R 1 is free of groups conferring solubility in water; A is the radical of a polybasic acid; and X is H or a cation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 8 in which A is --SO 2 --, --PO(OH)--, --PO(OR)--, --SO 2 --B--SO 2 --, --SO 2 --B--CO-- or --CO--B--CO--; and B is a lower alkylene or arylene radical, optionally substituted by carboxyl, ester or sulphonic acid groups.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 in which a pigment dispersion of 5-50% in water is comminuted.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 in which a pigment dispersion of 10-30% pigment in water is comminuted.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-03-21 | 1980-09-20 | 1981-03-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-03-21 | 1984-09-20 | 1985-03-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-03-21 | 1988-09-20 | 1989-03-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |