Location detecting devices and methods

Claim 2

A detection device for sensing the presence of a passing discrete body transported longitudinally through a closely fitting pipeline by fluid flow, comprising an inwardly extending annular region of constricted cross-section formed within the pipeline, said region having an internal peripheral surface which is of smaller transverse cross-section than, and momentarily engageable with, an external peripheral surface of the passing discrete body, thereby to impede momentarily said fluid flow, and to cause a continuous build-up of upstream fluid pressure until said upstream fluid pressure is of sufficient magnitude to force said discrete body through said region, at least one of said two peripheral surfaces being resilient; and detection means in the internal surface of said pipeline and adjacent said region, adapted for detecting a momentary variation in a local, mensurable parameter, said momentary variation being consequent upon the momentary engagement between said two peripheral surfaces.

Claim 3

A detection device as claimed in claim 1 wherein both the pipeline and said peripheral surface of the discrete body are of substantially circular cross-section.

Claim 4

A detection device as claimed in Claim 1 which the mensurable parameter is strain and the detection means comprises at least one strain measuring device attached to an outer surface of the wall of the pipeline adjacent said region of constricted cross-section.

Claim 5

A detection device as claimed in claim 1 in which the mensurable parameter is temperature and the detection means comprises at least one temperature measuring device located adjacent said internal peripheral surface of said region of constricted cross-section.

Claim 6

A detection device for sensing the presence of a passing discrete body of circular maximum transverse cross-section transported longitudinally through a closely fitting pipeline of circular cross-section by fluid flow, comprising an inwardly extending annular region of constricted cross-section formed within the pipeline by an O-ring located within an annular groove in said inner wall of the pipeline and having an internal peripheral surface which is of smaller transverse cross-section than, and momentarily engageable with, an external peripheral surface of the passing discrete body, thereby to impede momentarily said fluid flow, and to cause a continuous build-up of upstream fluid pressure until said upstream fluid pressure is of sufficient magnitude to force said discrete body through said region; and detection means adjacent said O-ring adapted for detecting a momentary variation in a local, mensurable parameter, said momentary variation being consequent upon the momentary engagement between said two peripheral surfaces.

Claim 7

A detection device for sensing the presence of a passing discrete body of circular maximum transverse cross-section transported longitudinally through a closely fitting pipeline of circular cross-section by fluid flow, comprising an inwardly extending annular region of constricted cross-section formed within the pipeline by an O-ring located within an annular groove in said inner wall of the pipeline and having an internal peripheral surface which is of smaller transverse cross-section than, and momentarily engageable with, an external peripheral surface of the passing discrete body, thereby to impede momentarily said fluid flow, and to cause a continuous build-up of upstream fluid pressure until said upstream fluid pressure is of sufficient magnitude to force said discrete body through said region; and detection means adjacent said O-ring adapted for detecting a momentary variation in a local, mensurable parameter, said momentary variation being consequent upon the momentary engagement between said two peripheral surfaces.

Claim 8

A detection device as claimed in claim 5 in which the mensurable parameter is strain and the detection means comprises at least one strain measuring device attached to the O-ring.

Claim 9

A detection device as claimed in claim 5 in which the mensurable parameter is capacitance, having an O-ring in which there is a small gap, and comprising a capacitance measuring device electrically connected between a pair of electrodes attached to the O-ring, one adjacent each bounding surface of said small gap to form a capacitor.

Claim 10

A detection device as claimed in claim 5 wherein the mensurable parameter is fluid pressure, having an O-ring which is of hollow section and fluid-filled; said detection means comprising a fluid pressure measuring device connected for measuring fluid pressure in the O-ring.

Claim 11

A detection device for sensing the presence of a passing discrete body transported longitudinally through a closely fitting pipeline by fluid flow, comprising an inwardly extending annular region of constricted cross-section formed within the pipeline, said region having an internal peripheral surface which is of smaller transverse cross-section than, and momentarily engageable with, an external peripheral surface of the passing discrete body, thereby to impede momentarily said fluid flow, and to cause a continuous build-up of upstream fluid pressure until said upstream fluid pressure is of sufficient magnitude to force said discrete body through said region, at least one of said two peripheral surfaces being resilient; and at least one fluid pressure measuring device connected for detecting a momentary variation in fluid pressure in the pipeline adjacent said region of constricted cross-section, said momentary variation being consequent upon the momentary engagement between said two peripheral surfaces.

Claim 12

A detection device for sensing the presence of a passing discrete body transported longitudinally through a closely fitting pipeline by fluid flow, comprising an inwardly extending annular region of constricted cross-section formed within the pipeline, said region having an internal peripheral surface which is of smaller transverse cross-section than, and momentarily engageable with, an external peripheral surface of the passing discrete body, thereby to impede momentarily said fluid flow, and to cause a continuous build-up of upstream fluid pressure until said upstream fluid pressure is of sufficient magnitude to force said discrete body through said region, at least one of said two peripheral surfaces being resilient; and at least one fluid pressure measuring device connected for detecting a momentary variation in fluid pressure in the pipeline adjacent said region of constricted cross-section, said momentary variation being consequent upon the momentary engagement between said two peripheral surfaces.

Claim 13

A detection device as claimed in claim 9 in which two fluid pressure measuring devices are connected for measuring fluid pressure in the pipeline adjacent said region of constricted cross-section, one being upstream of said region and the other being downstream thereof, the output signals of the two measuring devices being arranged to indicate the pressure differential longitudinally across said region.