Patent US4012485A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4012485A
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Process for treating exhaust gas from internal combustion engine over catalyst comprising nickel, rhodium, and monolithic ceramic support
Assignee: Standard Oil Co
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Filing: 1975-11-03
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Granted: 1977-03-15
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Expires: 1995-11-03
Abstract
Abstract The process comprises passing the exhaust gas through a reduction zone containing a catalyst comprising a nickel component, a rhodium component, and a monolithic ceramic support and being maintained at a temperature of about 700 DEG to about 1,800 DEG F. The catalyst may also contain a platinum component and/or a palladium component and the monolithic ceramic support may be coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area. The nickel component and the rhodium component are deposited upon the monolithic ceramic support sequentially and in that order.
Inventors
- 👤 Garbis H. Meguerian
- 👤 Eugene H. Hirschberg
- 👤 Frederick W. Rakowsky
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 14:00
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B21/00; C01B21/02; B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/92; B01D53/94; B01D53/9404; B01D53/9409; B01D53/9413; B01D53/9418; B01D53/944; B01D53/9459; B01D53/9463; B01D53/9472; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/89; B01D2255/00; B01D2255/10; B01D2255/102; B01D2255/1021; B01D2255/1025; B01D2255/20; B01D2255/207; B01D2255/20753; B01J35/00; B01J35/50; B01J35/56; Y; Y02; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/10; Y02T10/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
272 words
A process for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, which process comprises operating the engine under fuel-rich conditions so that the exhaust gas from the engine includes at least 0.8 volume percent carbon monoxide and the ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen in the exhaust gas exceeds about 1; and passing the exhaust gas through a reduction zone maintained at a temperature of about 700° to about 1,800° F. so that nitrogen oxide gases in said exhaust gas react with the carbon monoxide and other reducing agents in said exhaust gas, said zone including a catalyst comprising a nickel component, a rhodium component, and a monolithic ceramic support for said nickel component and said rhodium component, said nickel component being present in an amount ranging from 2.5 to 12 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, and comprising at least 75 wt.% of the total active metals present, and said rhodium component being present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 0.8 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, said catalyst being prepared by sequentially applying in the order specified hereinbelow to said monolithic ceramic support first a solution containing a dissolved salt of nickel and second a solution containing a dissolved salt of rhodium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° to 1,500° F.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
272 words
A process for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, which process comprises operating the engine under fuel-rich conditions so that the exhaust gas from the engine includes at least 0.8 volume percent carbon monoxide and the ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen in the exhaust gas exceeds about 1; and passing the exhaust gas through a reduction zone maintained at a temperature of about 700° to about 1,800° F. so that nitrogen oxide gases in said exhaust gas react with the carbon monoxide and other reducing agents in said exhaust gas, said zone including a catalyst comprising a nickel component, a rhodium component, and a monolithic ceramic support for said nickel component and said rhodium component, said nickel component being present in an amount ranging from 2.5 to 12 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, and comprising at least 75 wt.% of the total active metals present, and said rhodium component being present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 0.8 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, said catalyst being prepared by sequentially applying in the order specified hereinbelow to said monolithic ceramic support first a solution containing a dissolved salt of nickel and second a solution containing a dissolved salt of rhodium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° to 1,500° F.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surface area of said monolithic ceramic support is at least ten square meters per gram.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said rhodium component of said catalyst is present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 0.06 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said monolithic ceramic support comprises alumina, aluminum silicate, lithium aluminum silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, or silicon nitride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
70 words
The process of claim 1 wherein during the preparation of said catalyst, prior to deposition of said nickel component and said rhodium component, said monolithic ceramic support is coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area, said wash coat having a surface area that will provide the coated ceramic support with a surface area that is at least 10 square meters per gram.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
158 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° F. to 1,500° F.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the surface area of said monolithic support is at least 10 square meters per gram.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said monolithic ceramic support comprises alumina, aluminum silicate, lithium aluminum silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, or silicon nitride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
70 words
The process of claim 4 wherein during the preparation of said catalyst, prior to deposition of said nickel component and said rhodium component, said monolithic ceramic support is coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area, said wash coat having a surface area that will provide the coated ceramic support with a surface area that is at least 10 square meters per gram.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
158 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° F. to 1,500° F.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said monolithic ceramic support is alumina, aluminum silicate, lithium aluminum silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, or silicon nitride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
70 words
The process of claim 11 wherein during the preparation of said catalyst, prior to deposition of said nickel component and said rhodium component, said monolithic ceramic support is coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area, said wash coat having a surface area that will provide the coated ceramic support with a surface area that is at least 10 square meters per gram.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
157 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution therein, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° to 1,500° F.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
70 words
The process of claim 15 wherein during the preparation of said catalyst, prior to deposition of said nickel component and said rhodium component, said monolithic ceramic support is coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area, said wash coat having a surface area that will provide the coated ceramic support with a surface area that is at least 10 square meters per gram.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
157 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° to 1,500° F.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
157 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereof, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° to 1,500° F.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
158 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said catalyst also comprises a platinum component, or a palladium component, or a mixture thereof, said platinum component and/or said palladium component being present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15 wt.%, expressed as the metal and based on total catalyst weight, the deposition of said platinum component and/or said palladium component being performed subsequent to that of the nickel component and prior to that of the rhodium component and comprising applying to said monolithic ceramic support a solution containing a dissolved salt of platinum and/or applying a solution containing a dissolved salt of palladium, the application of each solution being followed by the removal of the diluent of that solution by drying to deposit on the support the salt of that solution and the calcination of the support with the salt of that solution thereon, said calcination being conducted in air at a temperature of about 1,000° F. to 1,500° f.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said catalyst is activated by subjecting said catalyst to reducing conditions at temperatures in excess of 1,000° F. for a duration which substantially increases the activity of said catalyst.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-03-14 | 1980-09-13 | 1981-03-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-03-14 | 1984-09-13 | 1985-03-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-03-14 | 1988-09-13 | 1989-03-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |