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Patent US4010000A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4010000A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Apparatus for producing halide particles
Assignee: APL Inc A CORP OF OHIO
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Filing: 1975-04-23
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Granted: 1977-03-01
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Expires: 1995-04-23
Abstract
Abstract Apparatus for producing purified metal halides, such as sodium iodide and mixtures of sodium iodide and mixtures of sodium iodide with scandium iodide, of accurately controlled particle size, particularly useful as a vaporizable fill for high pressure discharge devices. The apparatus may include means for evaporating volatiles from the solid impure metal halide, melting the impure halide, passing hydrogen, hydrogen halide, hydrogen and halogen, or mixtures thereof through the halide, and then passing the molten halide through a vibrating discharge conduit or nozzle into an inert quenching atmosphere to form the particles of purified halide.
Inventors
- 👤 Scott Anderson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 17:14
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01J; H01J61/00; H01J61/02; H01J61/12; H01J61/125; C; C01; C01D; C01D3/00; C01D3/14; C01D3/20; C01F; C01F17/00; C01F17/30; C01F17/36; C01G; C01G1/00; C01G1/06; C01G13/00; C01G13/04; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/61; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/40; C01P2006/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
120 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified metal halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding molten halide; conduit means in communication with said vessel means; means for heating said vessel means and said conduit means; a quenching chamber disposed downwardly from said conduit means means for selectively passing a gas through molten halide within said vessel means and for selectively creating a pressure gradient between said vessel means and said chamber to urge molten halide to pass from said vessel means through said conduit means to discharge molten halide into said chamber; and, means for vibrating said conduit means whereby molten halide discharges from said conduit means in a continuous stream which separates in said chamber into droplet form.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
120 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified metal halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding molten halide; conduit means in communication with said vessel means; means for heating said vessel means and said conduit means; a quenching chamber disposed downwardly from said conduit means means for selectively passing a gas through molten halide within said vessel means and for selectively creating a pressure gradient between said vessel means and said chamber to urge molten halide to pass from said vessel means through said conduit means to discharge molten halide into said chamber; and, means for vibrating said conduit means whereby molten halide discharges from said conduit means in a continuous stream which separates in said chamber into droplet form.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising filter means disposed between said vessel means and said conduit means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
125 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding purified molten halide; nozzle mean for discharging molten halide from said vessel means; filter means disposed between the discharge end of said nozzle means and said vessel means; means for heating said vessel means, said filter means, and said nozzle means; a quenching chamber surrounding and extending axially outwardly from the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for vibrating the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for pressurizing the atmosphere of the interior of said vessel, means to discharge molten halide from said nozzle means in a continuous stream which separates in said quenching chamber into particle form; and, means for collecting halide particles quenched in said chamber.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
125 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding purified molten halide; nozzle mean for discharging molten halide from said vessel means; filter means disposed between the discharge end of said nozzle means and said vessel means; means for heating said vessel means, said filter means, and said nozzle means; a quenching chamber surrounding and extending axially outwardly from the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for vibrating the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for pressurizing the atmosphere of the interior of said vessel, means to discharge molten halide from said nozzle means in a continuous stream which separates in said quenching chamber into particle form; and, means for collecting halide particles quenched in said chamber.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
57 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the interior diameter of the discharge end of said nozzle is from about one-third to one-fifth of the average diameter of the quenched particles produced, and wherein said vibrating means comprises a rigid member disposed in mechanical energy transferring relation between the discharge end of said nozzle and an electromechanical transducer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
144 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of a purifie halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for melting a halide, said vessel means including means for venting the interior atmosphere thereof; means for scrubbing the molten halide by passing a gas upwardly through the molten halide within said vessel means; nozzle means for downwardly discharging molten halide from said vessel means; a quenching chamber adjacent and below the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for creating a pressure gradient between the atmosphere of the interior of the vessel means and the quenching chamber to urge molten halide to discharge from said vessel means; means for vibrating the discharge end of said nozzle means so that molten halide is discharged from said nozzle means in a stream which separate in said quenching chamber into particle form; and, means for collecting halide particles quenche in said chamber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
144 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of a purifie halide, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for melting a halide, said vessel means including means for venting the interior atmosphere thereof; means for scrubbing the molten halide by passing a gas upwardly through the molten halide within said vessel means; nozzle means for downwardly discharging molten halide from said vessel means; a quenching chamber adjacent and below the discharge end of said nozzle means; means for creating a pressure gradient between the atmosphere of the interior of the vessel means and the quenching chamber to urge molten halide to discharge from said vessel means; means for vibrating the discharge end of said nozzle means so that molten halide is discharged from said nozzle means in a stream which separate in said quenching chamber into particle form; and, means for collecting halide particles quenche in said chamber.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus of claim 5 wherein th interior diameter of the discharge end of said nozzle is from about one-third to one-fifth of the average diameter of the quenched particle produced.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said vibrating means comprises a rigid member disposed in mechanical energy transferring relation between the discharge end of said nozzle and an electromechanical transducer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
129 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified metal halide comprising: means for melting a metal halide; means for passing into contact with the molten halide at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen halide, an admixture of hydrogen halide and hydrogen, and an admixture of hydrogen and halogen, wherein the halogen, the halogen radical of the hydrogen halide, and the halogen radical of the metal halide are of the same halogen species; means for passing an inert gas into contact with the molten halide; means for passing the molten halide through a vibrating discharge conduit into an inert quenching atmosphere to form discrete particles of purified halide; and means for filtering the molten halide prior to the passing of the molten halide through the vibrating conduit.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
129 words
Apparatus for producing discrete particles of purified metal halide comprising: means for melting a metal halide; means for passing into contact with the molten halide at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen halide, an admixture of hydrogen halide and hydrogen, and an admixture of hydrogen and halogen, wherein the halogen, the halogen radical of the hydrogen halide, and the halogen radical of the metal halide are of the same halogen species; means for passing an inert gas into contact with the molten halide; means for passing the molten halide through a vibrating discharge conduit into an inert quenching atmosphere to form discrete particles of purified halide; and means for filtering the molten halide prior to the passing of the molten halide through the vibrating conduit.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said halide passing means includes: means for creating a pressure gradient across the discharge conduit to urge molten halide to pass through the filtering means and discharge from the conduit.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
127 words
Apparatus for producing purified metal iodides of controlled particle size, the iodide selected from the group consisting of the iodides of the alkali metals, the Lanthanides, mercury, thallium, indium, scandium, and mixtures thereof comprising: vessel means for evaporating volatiles from a solid metal iodide and for melting the iodide; means for passing a gas into contact with the molten iodide within the vessel means, said gas including at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen iodide, an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, and an admixture of hydrogen and iodine. vibrating means for forming molten iodide exiting said vessel means into droplets; and, chamber means containing an inert atmosphre for receiving and quenching the metal halide droplets to thereby form particles of purified iodide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
127 words
Apparatus for producing purified metal iodides of controlled particle size, the iodide selected from the group consisting of the iodides of the alkali metals, the Lanthanides, mercury, thallium, indium, scandium, and mixtures thereof comprising: vessel means for evaporating volatiles from a solid metal iodide and for melting the iodide; means for passing a gas into contact with the molten iodide within the vessel means, said gas including at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen iodide, an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, and an admixture of hydrogen and iodine. vibrating means for forming molten iodide exiting said vessel means into droplets; and, chamber means containing an inert atmosphre for receiving and quenching the metal halide droplets to thereby form particles of purified iodide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 10 further comprising means for evacuating the atmosphere surrounding the molten iodide to subatmospheric pressure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
125 words
Apparatus for producing purified metal iodides of controlled particle size, the iodide selected from the group consisting of the iodides of the alkali metals, the Lanthanides, mercury, thallium, indium, scandium, and mixtures thereof comprising: means for melting a solid metal iodide to evaporate the volatiles therefrom: means for reacting a mixture of hydrogen and iodine in the presence of a platinum catalyst to thereby produce a gaseous reaction product; means for selectively passing the gaseous reaction product and an inert gas through the molten iodide. means for filtering the molten iodide; vibrating discharge nozzle means for forming filtered molten iodine into droplets; and, vessel means containing an inert atmosphere for receiving and cooling the droplets of molten iodide to form solidified particles of purified iodide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
125 words
Apparatus for producing purified metal iodides of controlled particle size, the iodide selected from the group consisting of the iodides of the alkali metals, the Lanthanides, mercury, thallium, indium, scandium, and mixtures thereof comprising: means for melting a solid metal iodide to evaporate the volatiles therefrom: means for reacting a mixture of hydrogen and iodine in the presence of a platinum catalyst to thereby produce a gaseous reaction product; means for selectively passing the gaseous reaction product and an inert gas through the molten iodide. means for filtering the molten iodide; vibrating discharge nozzle means for forming filtered molten iodine into droplets; and, vessel means containing an inert atmosphere for receiving and cooling the droplets of molten iodide to form solidified particles of purified iodide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
117 words
Apparatus for producing a purified mixture of sodium iodide and scandium iodide in a controlle particle size comprising: vessel means for melting a mixture of sodium iodide and scandium iodide; container means for an inert quenching atmosphere; chamber means in communication with said vessel means; means for selectively pressurizing said chamber means with a scrubbing gas to pass the scrubbing gas through the molten iodide within said vessel means, said scrubbing gas comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, an admixture of hydrogen and iodine, and hydrogen iodide; and, vibrating discharge nozzle means for passing the molten iodide into the inert atmosphere of said container means.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
117 words
Apparatus for producing a purified mixture of sodium iodide and scandium iodide in a controlle particle size comprising: vessel means for melting a mixture of sodium iodide and scandium iodide; container means for an inert quenching atmosphere; chamber means in communication with said vessel means; means for selectively pressurizing said chamber means with a scrubbing gas to pass the scrubbing gas through the molten iodide within said vessel means, said scrubbing gas comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, an admixture of hydrogen and iodine, and hydrogen iodide; and, vibrating discharge nozzle means for passing the molten iodide into the inert atmosphere of said container means.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said container means and said chamber means are integral.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
123 words
A discrete particle formation system comprising: purified molten material containing iodides of sodium and scandium; vessel means for holding said molten material having a downwardly directed nozzle through which said molten material drops from the vessel; means for heating said vessel; a chamber containing an inert quenching atmosphere, said chamber surrounding and extending axially downwardly from the nozzle for receiving molten material dropping from the nozzle; means for maintaining an inert atmosphere in the interior of said vessel means at a pressure greater than the pressure of the quenching atmosphere to urge said molten material through said nozzle; and, means for vibrating the nozzle whereby molten material drops from the nozzle in a continuous stream which separate in said chamber into droplet form.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
123 words
A discrete particle formation system comprising: purified molten material containing iodides of sodium and scandium; vessel means for holding said molten material having a downwardly directed nozzle through which said molten material drops from the vessel; means for heating said vessel; a chamber containing an inert quenching atmosphere, said chamber surrounding and extending axially downwardly from the nozzle for receiving molten material dropping from the nozzle; means for maintaining an inert atmosphere in the interior of said vessel means at a pressure greater than the pressure of the quenching atmosphere to urge said molten material through said nozzle; and, means for vibrating the nozzle whereby molten material drops from the nozzle in a continuous stream which separate in said chamber into droplet form.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for producing particles of purified iodides of sodium and scandium, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding molten iodides of sodium and scandium having an aperture in a lower wall thereof; means for heating said vessel means; chamber means surrounding and extending axially downwardly from the aperture in said vessel means, for selectively containing an inert quenching atmosphere to receive and cool metal halide exiting the vessel means; means for selectively pressurizing said chamber means with a scrubbing gas to pass the scrubbing gas through the molten halide within the vessel means, said gas including at least one member selected from the group consisting of an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, an admixture of hydrogen and iodine, and hydrogen iodide; means for vibrating the molten halide exiting said vessel means, whereby a continuous stream of molten halide exiting said vessel means separates in said chamber into droplet form; whereby droplets exiting the vessel means are solidified in said chamber into particles of purified iodides of sodium and scandium.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for producing particles of purified iodides of sodium and scandium, which apparatus comprises: vessel means for holding molten iodides of sodium and scandium having an aperture in a lower wall thereof; means for heating said vessel means; chamber means surrounding and extending axially downwardly from the aperture in said vessel means, for selectively containing an inert quenching atmosphere to receive and cool metal halide exiting the vessel means; means for selectively pressurizing said chamber means with a scrubbing gas to pass the scrubbing gas through the molten halide within the vessel means, said gas including at least one member selected from the group consisting of an admixture of hydrogen iodide and hydrogen, an admixture of hydrogen and iodine, and hydrogen iodide; means for vibrating the molten halide exiting said vessel means, whereby a continuous stream of molten halide exiting said vessel means separates in said chamber into droplet form; whereby droplets exiting the vessel means are solidified in said chamber into particles of purified iodides of sodium and scandium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-29 | 1980-08-30 | 1981-03-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-29 | 1984-08-30 | 1985-03-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-29 | 1988-08-30 | 1989-03-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |