Patent US4009052A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4009052A
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Chalcogenide battery
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1976-04-05
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Granted: 1977-02-22
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Expires: 1996-04-05
Abstract
Abstract A battery is provided in which the anode contains as the anode-active material a metal selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, Group Ib metals, Group IIa metals, Group IIb metals, Group IIIa metals and Group IVa metals (lithium is preferred), the cathode contains as the cathode-active material a chalcogenide of the formula MZx wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium (titanium is preferred); Z is an element selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium and tellurium, and x is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 2.1, and the electrolyte is one which does not chemically react with the anode or the cathode and which will permit the migration of ions from said anode-active material to intercalate the cathode-active material. A highly useful battery may be prepared utilizing lithium as the anode-active material, titanium disulfide as the cathode-active material and lithium perchlorate dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (70%) plus dimethoxyethane (30%) solvent as the electrolyte.
Inventors
- 👤 M. Stanley Whittingham
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 19:38
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/58; H01M4/581; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
177 words
A battery comprising: a. an anode containing as the anode-active material a metal selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, Group Ib metals, Group IIa metals, Group IIb metals, Group IIIa metals, Group IVa metals, and mixtures containing the aforesaid metals such that the aforesaid metals can be electrochemically released from the mixtures; b. a cathode with a sole cathode-active material consisting essentially of 1. a layered chalcogenide of the formula MZ x wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium; Z is an element selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium and tellurium, and x is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 2.05 or (2) alloys of the aforesaid chalcogenides with one another, said chalcogenides having a structure which will permit intercalation therein by ions of the anode-active material; and c. an electrolyte which does not chemically react with said anode or said cathode and which will permit the migration of ions from said anode-active material to intercalate said cathode-active material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
177 words
A battery comprising: a. an anode containing as the anode-active material a metal selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, Group Ib metals, Group IIa metals, Group IIb metals, Group IIIa metals, Group IVa metals, and mixtures containing the aforesaid metals such that the aforesaid metals can be electrochemically released from the mixtures; b. a cathode with a sole cathode-active material consisting essentially of 1. a layered chalcogenide of the formula MZ x wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium; Z is an element selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium and tellurium, and x is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 2.05 or (2) alloys of the aforesaid chalcogenides with one another, said chalcogenides having a structure which will permit intercalation therein by ions of the anode-active material; and c. an electrolyte which does not chemically react with said anode or said cathode and which will permit the migration of ions from said anode-active material to intercalate said cathode-active material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the anode-active material is selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, magnesium, calcium and zinc.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 2 in which the anode-active material is lithium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The battery of claim 1 in which M is selected from the group consisting of Group IVb elements.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 4 in which M is titanium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 1 in which Z is sulfur.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery of claim 1 in which x has a numerical value of 1.95 to 2.02.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the chalcogenide is titanium disulfide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the electrolyte comprises a Group Ia inorganic metal salt in an organic solvent which does not chemically react with the anode or the cathode.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the anode-active material consists of lithium, the electrolyte consists of lithium perchlorate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane and the cathode-active material consists of titanium disulfide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
168 words
A battery comprising: a. a cathode with a sole cathode-active material consisting essentially of an intercalated chalcogenide in which the intercalated species is a metal selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, Group Ib metals, Group IIa metals, Group IIb metals, Group IIIa metals, Group IVa metals, and the chalcogenide has the formula MZ x wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of Group IVb elements, and Group Vb elements; Z is an element selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium and tellurium; and x is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 2.05, said chalcogenide being present alone or as an alloy of the aforesaid chalcogenides with one another; b. an anode comprising a substrate capable of receiving said intercalated species deposited thereon; and c. an electrolyte which does not chemically react with said anode or said cathode and which will permit the electrochemical migration of ions of the intercalated species from said cathode-active material to deposit on said anode.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
168 words
A battery comprising: a. a cathode with a sole cathode-active material consisting essentially of an intercalated chalcogenide in which the intercalated species is a metal selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, Group Ib metals, Group IIa metals, Group IIb metals, Group IIIa metals, Group IVa metals, and the chalcogenide has the formula MZ x wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of Group IVb elements, and Group Vb elements; Z is an element selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium and tellurium; and x is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 2.05, said chalcogenide being present alone or as an alloy of the aforesaid chalcogenides with one another; b. an anode comprising a substrate capable of receiving said intercalated species deposited thereon; and c. an electrolyte which does not chemically react with said anode or said cathode and which will permit the electrochemical migration of ions of the intercalated species from said cathode-active material to deposit on said anode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the intercalated species is selected from the group consisting of Group Ia metals, magnesium, calcium and zinc.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 12 in which the intercalated species is lithium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The battery of claim 11 in which M is selected from the group consisting of Group IVb elements.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 14 in which M is titanium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 11 in which Z is sulfur.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery of claim 11 in which x has a numerical value of 1.95 to 2.02.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the chalcogenide is titanium disulfide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
31 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the electrolyte comprises a Group Ia inorganic metal salt in an organic solvent which does not chemically react with the anode or the cathode.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
34 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the cathode-active material consists of titanium disulfide intercalated with lithium and the electrolyte consists of a solution of lithium perchlorate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the electrolyte is a molten salt.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 1 in which the electrolyte is a solid.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the electrolyte is a molten salt.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 11 in which the electrolyte is a solid.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-22 | 1980-08-23 | 1981-02-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-08-23 | 1985-02-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-22 | 1988-08-23 | 1989-02-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |