Patent US4007018A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4007018A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Production of clean synthesis or fuel gas
Assignee: Texaco Inc
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Filing: 1975-12-22
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Granted: 1977-02-08
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Expires: 1995-12-22
Abstract
Abstract An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispserion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and is cooled in an external cooler to a temperature in the range of about 300 to 850° F but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream. Portions of the cooled immersion fluid optionally in admixture with scrubbing fluid obtained subsequently in the process are recycled to the immersion vessel, and optionally to the gas generator as at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed. In another emnbodiment, a portion of the immersion fluid removed from the immersion vessel may be introduced into the gas generator as at least a portion of the feed without first being passed through a cooler. The effluent gas stream leaving said immersion zone may be subjected to additional cleaning by being scrubbed with said scrubbing fluid comprising make-up hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon in a separate scrubbing zone. The clean product gas comprises H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and, optionally at least one material from the group H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A, and C 1 - C 10 hydrocarbons.
Inventors
- 👤 William L. Slater
- 👤 George N. Richter
- 👤 William B. Crouch
- 👤 Lawrence E. Estabrook
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 16:56
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10J; C10J3/00; C10J3/46; C10J3/48; C10J3/485; C01; C01B; C01B3/00; C01B3/02; C01B3/32; C01B3/34; C01B3/36; C01B3/50; C10J3/72; C10J3/82; C10J3/84; C10K; C10K1/00; C10K1/08; C10K1/16; C01B2203/00; C01B2203/04; C01B2203/0465; C01B2203/049; C10J2300/00; C10J2300/18; C10J2300/1807
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
403 words
A continuous process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas comprising: 1. Introducing into the reaction zone of a freeflow, unpacked gas generation zone as feed materials a dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, a stream of free-oxygen-containing gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen-enriched air i.e. at least 22 mole % oxygen, and substantially pure oxygen i.e. at least 95 mole % oxygen, wherein the ratio of free-oxygen in the free-oxygen containing gas to carbon in the feedstock (O/C atom/atom) is in the range of about 0.6 to 1.5, and optionally a temperature moderator selected from the group consisting of H 2 O, CO 2 , flue gas, a portion of cooled and recycled effluent gas from the gas generator, and mixtures thereof, and reacting said feed materials by partial oxidation at a temperature in the range of about 1300° to 3000° F and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, thereby producing an effluent gas stream containing H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, particulate carbon, and optionally at least one gas from the group H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A and CH 4 ; 2. cooling the effluent gas stream from (1) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 900° F but above the dew point of water in said gas stream and simultaneously removing said entrained particulate carbon by discharging said effluent gas stream directly into a body of hot immersion fluid contained in a quench zone and comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon, and removing from said quench zone a clean gaseous stream comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and optionally at least one material from the group particulate carbon, H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A, and C 1 - C 10 hydrocarbons; 3. cooling at least a portion of the hot immersion fluid from (2) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F in an external cooler and recycling at least a portion of the cooled immersion fluid to said quench zone; and (4) introducing a portion of said hot immersion fluid from (2) or a portion of said cooled immersion fluid from (3) into said gas generation zone in (1) as at least a portion of said dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
403 words
A continuous process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas comprising: 1. Introducing into the reaction zone of a freeflow, unpacked gas generation zone as feed materials a dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, a stream of free-oxygen-containing gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen-enriched air i.e. at least 22 mole % oxygen, and substantially pure oxygen i.e. at least 95 mole % oxygen, wherein the ratio of free-oxygen in the free-oxygen containing gas to carbon in the feedstock (O/C atom/atom) is in the range of about 0.6 to 1.5, and optionally a temperature moderator selected from the group consisting of H 2 O, CO 2 , flue gas, a portion of cooled and recycled effluent gas from the gas generator, and mixtures thereof, and reacting said feed materials by partial oxidation at a temperature in the range of about 1300° to 3000° F and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, thereby producing an effluent gas stream containing H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, particulate carbon, and optionally at least one gas from the group H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A and CH 4 ; 2. cooling the effluent gas stream from (1) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 900° F but above the dew point of water in said gas stream and simultaneously removing said entrained particulate carbon by discharging said effluent gas stream directly into a body of hot immersion fluid contained in a quench zone and comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon, and removing from said quench zone a clean gaseous stream comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and optionally at least one material from the group particulate carbon, H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A, and C 1 - C 10 hydrocarbons; 3. cooling at least a portion of the hot immersion fluid from (2) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F in an external cooler and recycling at least a portion of the cooled immersion fluid to said quench zone; and (4) introducing a portion of said hot immersion fluid from (2) or a portion of said cooled immersion fluid from (3) into said gas generation zone in (1) as at least a portion of said dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel is selected from the group consisting of petroleum distillate and residua, gas oil, residual fuel, reduced crude, whole crude, asphalt, coal tar, coal oil, shale oil, tar sand oil, and the mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel is a pumpable slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said temperature moderator is selected from the group consisting of H 2 O, CO 2 , flue gas, a portion of cooled and recycled effluent gas from the gas generator, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said free-oxygen containing gas is selected from the group air, oxygen-enriched air i.e. at least 22 mole % oxygen, and substantially pure oxygen i.e. at least 95 mole % oxygen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of temperture moderator to liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 0.0 to 3.0.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the immersion fluid in step (2) is a pumpable dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and carbon particles in which the solids content is in the range of about nil to 50 weight percent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said product gas contains from 10 to 40 mole % of C 1 -C 10 hydrocarbons and has a gross heating value in the range of about 400 to 800 BTU per Standard Cubic Feet.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said quench zone contains 30 to 60 gallons of immersion fluid maintained at a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F for each 1000 Standard Cubic Feet of effluent gas from the gas generator that is directly quenched therein.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
379 words
A continuous process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas comprising: 1. introducing into the reaction zone of a freeflow, unpacked gas generation zone as feed materials a dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, a stream of free-oxygen-containing gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen-enriched air i.e. at least 22 mole % oxygen, and substantially pure oxygen i.e. at least 95 mole % oxygen, wherein the ratio of free-oxygen in the free-oxygen containing gas to carbon in the feedstock (O/C atom/atom) is in the range of about 0.6 to 1.5; and optionally a temperature moderator selected from the group consisting of H 2 O, CO 2 , flue gas, a portion of cooled and recycled effluent gas from the gas generator, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the weight ratio of temperature moderator to liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 0.0 to 3.0; and reacting said feed materials by partial oxidation at a temperature in the range of about 1300° to 3000° F and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, thereby producing an effluent gas stream containing H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, particulate carbon, and optionally at least one gas from the group H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A and CH 4 ; 2. cooling the effluent gas stream from (1 ) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 900° F but above the dew point of water in said gas stream and simultaneously removing said entrained particulate carbon by discharging said effluent gas stream directly into a body of hot immersion fluid contained in a quench zone and comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon wherein said quench zone contains 30 to 60 gallons of immersion fluid maintained at a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F for each 1000 Standard Cubic Feet of effluent gas from the gas generator that is quenched therein; and removing from said quench zone a clean gaseous stream comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and optionally at least one material from the group particulate carbon, H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A, and C 1 - C 10 hydrocarbons;
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
379 words
A continuous process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas comprising: 1. introducing into the reaction zone of a freeflow, unpacked gas generation zone as feed materials a dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, a stream of free-oxygen-containing gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen-enriched air i.e. at least 22 mole % oxygen, and substantially pure oxygen i.e. at least 95 mole % oxygen, wherein the ratio of free-oxygen in the free-oxygen containing gas to carbon in the feedstock (O/C atom/atom) is in the range of about 0.6 to 1.5; and optionally a temperature moderator selected from the group consisting of H 2 O, CO 2 , flue gas, a portion of cooled and recycled effluent gas from the gas generator, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the weight ratio of temperature moderator to liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 0.0 to 3.0; and reacting said feed materials by partial oxidation at a temperature in the range of about 1300° to 3000° F and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, thereby producing an effluent gas stream containing H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, particulate carbon, and optionally at least one gas from the group H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A and CH 4 ; 2. cooling the effluent gas stream from (1 ) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 900° F but above the dew point of water in said gas stream and simultaneously removing said entrained particulate carbon by discharging said effluent gas stream directly into a body of hot immersion fluid contained in a quench zone and comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon wherein said quench zone contains 30 to 60 gallons of immersion fluid maintained at a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F for each 1000 Standard Cubic Feet of effluent gas from the gas generator that is quenched therein; and removing from said quench zone a clean gaseous stream comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and optionally at least one material from the group particulate carbon, H 2 S, COS, N 2 , A, and C 1 - C 10 hydrocarbons;
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
215 words
cooling at least a portion of the hot immersion fluid from (2) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F in an external cooler and recycling at least a portion of the cooled immersion fluid to said quench zone; 4. introducing a portion of said hot immersion fluid from (2) or a portion of said cooled immersion fluid from (3) into said gas generation zone in (1) as at least a portion of said dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel; 5. removing any remaining particulate carbon in the gas stream from step (2) by scrubbing said gas stream in a gas scrubbing zone with a scrubbing fluid comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon; 6. introducing the effluent stream of gas and scrubbing fluid from said gas scrubbing zone into a gas-liquid separator and separating a gaseous stream from said scrubbing fluid and contacting said gaseous stream with fresh make-up liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, and removing clean product gas and a separate stream of scrubbing fluid from said gas-liquid separator; and 7. recycling a first portion of said scrubbing fluid to said gas scrubbing zone, and mixing a second portion of said scrubbing fluid with a portion of immersion fluid being recycled in steps (3) and (4).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
215 words
cooling at least a portion of the hot immersion fluid from (2) to a temperature in the range of about 300° to 850° F in an external cooler and recycling at least a portion of the cooled immersion fluid to said quench zone; 4. introducing a portion of said hot immersion fluid from (2) or a portion of said cooled immersion fluid from (3) into said gas generation zone in (1) as at least a portion of said dispersion of particulate carbon in liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel; 5. removing any remaining particulate carbon in the gas stream from step (2) by scrubbing said gas stream in a gas scrubbing zone with a scrubbing fluid comprising a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon; 6. introducing the effluent stream of gas and scrubbing fluid from said gas scrubbing zone into a gas-liquid separator and separating a gaseous stream from said scrubbing fluid and contacting said gaseous stream with fresh make-up liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, and removing clean product gas and a separate stream of scrubbing fluid from said gas-liquid separator; and 7. recycling a first portion of said scrubbing fluid to said gas scrubbing zone, and mixing a second portion of said scrubbing fluid with a portion of immersion fluid being recycled in steps (3) and (4).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
67 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said quench zone contains residual aromatic oil as the immersion fluid, and said immersion fluid is maintained at a temperature in the range of about 300° to 500° F and below the thermal cracking temperature and at a pressure of at least 1500 psia; and wherein said clean product gas contains up to 5 mole % C 1 -C 10 hydrocarbons.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 10 wherein the clean product gas stream contains from about nil to 40.0 mole percent of C 1 -C 10 hydrocarbons.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said gas scrubbing zone comprises a nozzle scrubber.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-08 | 1980-08-09 | 1981-02-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-08 | 1984-08-09 | 1985-02-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-08 | 1988-08-09 | 1989-02-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |