Patent US2104655A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4002586A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4002586A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for preparing cationic latexes
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
•
Filing: 1975-04-21
•
Granted: 1977-01-11
•
Expires: 1995-04-21
Abstract
Abstract Modified cationic latexes are prepared from nonionic or cationic latexes having particles containing chemically bound epoxide groups at or near the particle surface by reacting the latex with a nucleophile such as dimethyl sulfide and an acid such as acetic acid to form a latex having stabilizing onium ions chemically bound to the particle at or near the particle surface.
Inventors
- 👤 Ritchie A. Wessling
- 👤 Thomas C. Klingler
- 👤 Victor E. Meyer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 10:36
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G59/00; C08G59/18; C08G59/40; C08G59/4007; C08G59/4064; C08F; C08F236/00; C08F236/02; C08F236/04; C08F236/06; C08F8/00; C08F8/44; C08F2800/00; C08F2800/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A method for preparing a cationic structured-particle latex comprising the steps of reacting at a temperature from about 0° to about 80° C a water-stable, nonionic, sulfide nucleophile which is capable of diffusing through aqueous media and a low molecular weight acid which ionizes at pH values below about 10 with a latex of copolymer particles having epoxide groups bound to the copolymer at or near the particle surface; said epoxide groups being present in an amount of at least about 0.01 milliequivalent per gram of copolymer in the latex; whereby sulfonium cationic groups are chemically bound to the particles at or near the particle surface.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
106 words
A method for preparing a cationic structured-particle latex comprising the steps of reacting at a temperature from about 0° to about 80° C a water-stable, nonionic, sulfide nucleophile which is capable of diffusing through aqueous media and a low molecular weight acid which ionizes at pH values below about 10 with a latex of copolymer particles having epoxide groups bound to the copolymer at or near the particle surface; said epoxide groups being present in an amount of at least about 0.01 milliequivalent per gram of copolymer in the latex; whereby sulfonium cationic groups are chemically bound to the particles at or near the particle surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 1 in which the reaction is carried out until the sulfonium cationic groups are present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 0.5 milliequivalent per gram of copolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 in which the acid is a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 3 in which the acid is acetic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
82 words
The method of claim 1 in which the latex of copolymer particles having epoxide groups is a structured-particle latex of copolymer particles consisting of a nonionic, organic polymer core having adhered thereto a thin layer of a water-insoluble copolymer of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomer which is devoid of an epoxide group and (b) a non-ionic, ethylenically unsaturated, epoxide monomer; the amount of the epoxide groups in the copolymer being from about 0.01 to about 1.4 milliequivalents per gram of copolymer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 1 in which the latex of copolymer particles having epoxide groups bound to the copolymer at or near the particle surface also has bound epoxide groups throughout the particles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 in which the epoxide groups are provided by copolymerized glycidyl methacrylate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method of claim 1 in which the sulfide nucleophile is a compound having the formula R 1-- S--R 2 wherein R 1 and R 2 individually are lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl or wherein R 1 and R 2 are combined as one alkylene radical having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, whereby the chemically bound cationic groups are sulfonium groups.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 8 in which the sulfide nucleophile is dimethyl sulfide, thiophane or 2-hydroxyethylethyl sulfide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1 in which the latex of copolymer particles having epoxide groups bound to the copolymer at or near the polymer surface is prepared by emulsion polymerization.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3236820A
Cited
US3562354A
Cited
US3745196A
Cited
US3660525A
Cited
US3637432A
Cited
US3793278A
Cited
US3936405A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-01-11 | 1980-07-12 | 1981-01-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-01-11 | 1984-07-12 | 1985-01-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-07-12 | 1989-01-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |