Patent US3981844A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3981844A
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Stable emulsion and method for preparation thereof
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1975-06-30
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Granted: 1976-09-21
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Expires: 1995-06-30
Abstract
Abstract An emulsion of water; a water immiscible liquid including a solution of a liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon and a liquid halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and a colloidal suspension of magnetic particles and a surface active agent.
Inventors
- 👤 Lubomyr T. Romankiw
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:25
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01F; H01F1/00; H01F1/44; H01F1/445; H01F1/01; H01F1/03; H01F1/12; H01F1/34; H01F1/36; H01F1/37; C; C10; C10M; C10M2201/00; C10M2201/02; C10M2201/06; C10M2201/061; C10M2201/062; C10M2201/16; C10M2201/18; C10M2203/00; C10M2203/02; C10M2203/022; C10M2203/024; C10M2203/04; C10M2203/06; C10M2203/10; C10M2203/102; C10M2203/104; C10M2203/106; C10M2203/108; C10M2207/00; C10M2207/10; C10M2207/12; C10M2207/125; C10M2207/129; C10M2211/00; C10M2211/02; C10M2211/022; C10M2211/06; C10M2215/00; C10M2215/02; C10M2215/04; C10M2215/24; C10M2215/26; C10M2219/00; C10M2219/08; C10M2219/082; C10M2223/00; C10M2223/06; C10M2223/061; C10N; C10N2040/00; C10N2040/08; C10N2040/14; C10N2040/16; C10N2040/17; C10N2040/175; C10N2040/18; C10N2040/185
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
An emulsion having a continuous and discontinuous phase comprising: A. water; B. a water-immiscible organic liquid phase comprising a solution of: 1. a liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof; and 2. a liquid halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; C. a colloidal suspension in the discontinuous or continuous phase of the emulsion of ferromagnetic particles and a surface-active agent in an amount at least sufficient to stabilize the ferromagnetic particles in the desired discontinuous or continuous phase of the emulsion; D. the relative proportions of said nonpolar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being such that the density of the water phase and the density of the water-immiscible liquid phase are substantially equal to each other; and E. said nonpolar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being mutually soluble in each other and being compatible with said surface-active agent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
An emulsion having a continuous and discontinuous phase comprising: A. water; B. a water-immiscible organic liquid phase comprising a solution of: 1. a liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof; and 2. a liquid halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; C. a colloidal suspension in the discontinuous or continuous phase of the emulsion of ferromagnetic particles and a surface-active agent in an amount at least sufficient to stabilize the ferromagnetic particles in the desired discontinuous or continuous phase of the emulsion; D. the relative proportions of said nonpolar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being such that the density of the water phase and the density of the water-immiscible liquid phase are substantially equal to each other; and E. said nonpolar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being mutually soluble in each other and being compatible with said surface-active agent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The emulsion of claim 1 which is a water-in-oil emulsion and said magnetic particles are suspended in the water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said magnetic particles are magnetite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said colloidal suspension is an aqueous colloidal suspension having a density between about 1.05 grams per cc to about 1.9 grams per cc.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is an ionic surface-active agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is an aliphatic carboxylic acid having about 8 to 28 carbon atoms or salt thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is oleic acid or salt thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of kerosene, decahydronaphthalene, heptane, decane, and benzene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said liquid halogenated hydrocarbon is trichloroethylene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said liquid halogenated hydrocarbon is dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said organic liquid is a mixture of kerosene and trichloroethylene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said organic liquid is a mixture of kerosene and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said organic liquid is a mixture of decahydronaphthalene and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is oleic acid or salt thereof and said organic liquid is a mixture of kerosene and trichloroethylene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is oleic acid or salt thereof and said water-immiscible organic liquid is a mixture of kerosene and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein said surface-active agent is oleic acid or salt thereof and said organic liquid is a mixture of decahydronaphthalene and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The emulsion of claim 1 wherein the organic liquid phase is presaturated with said surface-active agent.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
228 words
A method of preparing an article containing a water and water-immiscible organic liquid emulsion of increased stability having a continuous liquid phase and a discontinuous liquid phase which comprises: A. providing water; B. providing a water-immiscible organic solution of a liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof, and a liquid halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, said polar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being mutually soluble in each other; C. providing a colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic particles and surface-active agent in the liquid which is to be the discontinuous phase or the continuous phase of the emulsion; D. the water-immiscible organic soluton being compatible with the surface-active agent of said colloidal suspension; E. the relative proportions of said polar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being such that the density of the water phase and the density of the water-immiscible liquid phase are substantially equal to each other; F. admixing the colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic particles and the liquid which is to be the other of the discontinuous or continuous phase not containing the colloidal suspension to thereby provide an emulsion; then G. adding said emulsion to a container of a material which does not dissolve or react with the constituents of the emulsion; and H. storing in the absence of gases which could react with the constituents of the emulsion.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
228 words
A method of preparing an article containing a water and water-immiscible organic liquid emulsion of increased stability having a continuous liquid phase and a discontinuous liquid phase which comprises: A. providing water; B. providing a water-immiscible organic solution of a liquid nonpolar hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof, and a liquid halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, said polar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being mutually soluble in each other; C. providing a colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic particles and surface-active agent in the liquid which is to be the discontinuous phase or the continuous phase of the emulsion; D. the water-immiscible organic soluton being compatible with the surface-active agent of said colloidal suspension; E. the relative proportions of said polar hydrocarbon and said halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon being such that the density of the water phase and the density of the water-immiscible liquid phase are substantially equal to each other; F. admixing the colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic particles and the liquid which is to be the other of the discontinuous or continuous phase not containing the colloidal suspension to thereby provide an emulsion; then G. adding said emulsion to a container of a material which does not dissolve or react with the constituents of the emulsion; and H. storing in the absence of gases which could react with the constituents of the emulsion.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-09-21 | 1980-03-22 | 1980-09-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-09-21 | 1984-03-22 | 1984-09-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-09-21 | 1988-03-22 | 1988-09-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |