Patent US3977949A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3977949A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Acidic plating bath and additives for electrodeposition of bright tin
Assignee: Columbia Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1975-07-07
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Granted: 1976-08-31
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Expires: 1995-07-07
Abstract
Abstract An aqueous acid tin electroplating bath contains as a brightening agent an alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde, certain emulsifying agents and certain synergistically acting carboxylic acids, amides, and esters to give extremely bright electrodeposits.
Inventors
- 👤 William E. Rosenberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 08:41
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/30; C25D3/32
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A primary tin plating brightener additive, comprising an alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##SPC4## where R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or isopropyl, and including from 1 to about 97 percent of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alpha unsaturated carboxylic acids, amides, and esters for producing bright electrodeposits of tin from an aqueous, acid plating bath.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
63 words
A primary tin plating brightener additive, comprising an alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##SPC4## where R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or isopropyl, and including from 1 to about 97 percent of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alpha unsaturated carboxylic acids, amides, and esters for producing bright electrodeposits of tin from an aqueous, acid plating bath.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The additive of claim 1 including from about 1 to about 96 percent of at least one emulsifying agent selected from the group consisting of nonionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric emulsifying agents.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The additive of claim 2 wherein the emulsifying agent is a nonionic emulsifying agent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
The additive of claim 1 wherein R is methyl.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
45 words
An aqueous, acid tin electroplating bath containing stannous ions and sulfuric acid, comprising having dissolved therein as a brightener compound about 0.01 to about 0.2 grams/liter of an alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##SPC5## where R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
45 words
An aqueous, acid tin electroplating bath containing stannous ions and sulfuric acid, comprising having dissolved therein as a brightener compound about 0.01 to about 0.2 grams/liter of an alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##SPC5## where R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The bath of claim 5, wherein about 2 to about 40 grams/liter of an emulsifying agent is added to solubolize said alkoxy naphthalene carboxaldehyde.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The bath of claim 6, having dissolved therein about 0.02 to about 5 grams/liter of at least one compound from the group consisting of alpha unsaturated carboxylic acids, amides, and esters.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein said alpha unsaturated compounds are selected from the group consisting of cinnamic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein said emulsifying agent is a nonionic emulsifying agent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the emulsifying agent is an anionic emulsifying agent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the emulsifying agent is a cationic emulsifying agent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the emulsifying agent is an amphoteric emulsifying agent.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The bath of claim 8 wherein said emulsifying agent is selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric emulsifying agents.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein said emulsifying agent is an alkyl phenol condensed with about 10 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the alkoxy group on said naphthalene carboxaldehyde is ortho or para to the carboxaldehyde group.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 15, wherein said carboxaldehyde group is in the one position on the naphthalene ring.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
9 words
The bath of claim 16, wherein R is methyl.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 15, wherein said carboxaldehyde group is in the two position of the naphthalene ring.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
9 words
The bath of claim 18, wherein R is methyl.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
9 words
The bath of claim 15, wherein R is methyl.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The bath of claim 15, wherein said carboxaldehyde group is in the one or two position on the naphthalene ring, and R is methyl.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the amount of said carboxaldehyde ranges from about 0.01 to about 0.05 grams/liter.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the amount of alpha unsaturated compounds ranges from about 0.02 to about 2.0 grams/liter.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the amount of stannous ions ranges from about 10 to about 100 grams/liter.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The bath of claim 8, wherein the amount of sulfuric acid ranges from about 20 to about 60 grams/liter.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-08-31 | 1980-03-01 | 1980-08-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-08-31 | 1984-03-01 | 1984-08-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-08-31 | 1988-03-01 | 1988-08-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |