Patent US3967970A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3967970A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Celluation method and product
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1974-12-27
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Granted: 1976-07-06
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Expires: 1994-12-27
Abstract
Abstract A method of preparing cellulated or bloated products from natural material sources using clay or a clayey material as a starter and using treating agents capable of being placed in aqueous solutions for absorption into ultimate particles of the material.This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 293,810, filed 10-2-72, now abandoned.
Inventors
- 👤 John W. North
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 19:00
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B38/00; C04B38/06; C04B38/063; C04B38/0635; C04B38/064
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
213 words
A method of preparing a bloated cellular product comprising: a. admixing naturally occuring clayey material particles and an aqueous solution having dissolved therein a non-oxidizing flux for said material and a bloating agent containing reactable carbon under such conditions that the solution is uniformly dispersed and absorbed into the clayey material particles; b. heating said admixture under temperature and time conditions sufficient to drive the liquid from said solution so as to cause the dissolved flux and bloating agent to migrate with the water to the surface of the particles and be deposited thereon as the water is driven off of the particles; c. continuing the heating of said admixture under temperature conditions sufficiently high that said flux and said bloating agent become molten and flow into the particles; and d. still further continuing the heating of said admixture under elevated temperature conditions above 2100°F and sufficiently high and for a sufficient length of time that the oxygen contained in said naturally occurring clayey material reacts with said carbon to produce an oxide of carbon in gaseous form and said clayey material particles become viscous, said bloating agent being so evenly dispersed in said viscous clayey material that the gases are trapped in said material, forming a cellular structure in said clayey material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
213 words
A method of preparing a bloated cellular product comprising: a. admixing naturally occuring clayey material particles and an aqueous solution having dissolved therein a non-oxidizing flux for said material and a bloating agent containing reactable carbon under such conditions that the solution is uniformly dispersed and absorbed into the clayey material particles; b. heating said admixture under temperature and time conditions sufficient to drive the liquid from said solution so as to cause the dissolved flux and bloating agent to migrate with the water to the surface of the particles and be deposited thereon as the water is driven off of the particles; c. continuing the heating of said admixture under temperature conditions sufficiently high that said flux and said bloating agent become molten and flow into the particles; and d. still further continuing the heating of said admixture under elevated temperature conditions above 2100°F and sufficiently high and for a sufficient length of time that the oxygen contained in said naturally occurring clayey material reacts with said carbon to produce an oxide of carbon in gaseous form and said clayey material particles become viscous, said bloating agent being so evenly dispersed in said viscous clayey material that the gases are trapped in said material, forming a cellular structure in said clayey material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said clayey material is selected from the group consisting of clay and shale.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the total time period of the heating steps ranges from 10 to 120 minutes.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said fluxing agent is selected from the group consisting of the hydroxides and phosphates of sodium, potassium and lithium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein said bloating agent is sugar.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A bloated cellular product produced in accordance with the method of claim 1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said clayey material is bentonite.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-07-06 | 1980-01-05 | 1980-07-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-07-06 | 1984-01-05 | 1984-07-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-07-06 | 1988-01-05 | 1988-07-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |