Patent US3963688A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3963688A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of emulsion polymerization using phosphate esters of normal alkanols as surfactant
Assignee: ISP Investments LLC
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Filing: 1974-08-02
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Granted: 1976-06-15
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Expires: 1994-08-02
Abstract
Abstract The mono- or diester of phosphoric acid and a straight chain alkanol of 8 to 10 carbon atoms is used as a surfactant in the emulsion polymerization of olefinic compounds, especially vinyl compounds, to obtain polymers having improved stability to light and heat.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald H. Lorenz
- 👤 Earl P. Williams
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 09:47
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/12; C08F2/16; C08F2/22; C08F2/24
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
130 words
In a process for the emulsion polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer containing at least one olefinic carbon-to-carbon double bond, wherein said monomer is polymerized in an aqueous medium in the presence of a surfactant and a water-soluble initiator, the improvement wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of phosphate esters having the formula ##EQU5## and ##EQU6## and mixtures of (I) and (II) thereof, wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal, or an ammonium or amino cation having the formula ##EQU7## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and R is a straight chain alkyl of 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
130 words
In a process for the emulsion polymerization of at least one olefinic monomer containing at least one olefinic carbon-to-carbon double bond, wherein said monomer is polymerized in an aqueous medium in the presence of a surfactant and a water-soluble initiator, the improvement wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of phosphate esters having the formula ##EQU5## and ##EQU6## and mixtures of (I) and (II) thereof, wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal, or an ammonium or amino cation having the formula ##EQU7## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and R is a straight chain alkyl of 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said olefinic monomer is a vinyl halide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said olefinic monomer is a mixture of a vinyl halide and a co-monomer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 3, wherein said co-monomer is a vinyl ester or an ester of an olefinically unsaturated acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said phosphate ester is a mixture of esters of formulas (I) and (II).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein R is n-octyl or n-decyl.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein M is hydrogen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein M is an alkali metal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein M is an ammonium or amino cation having the formula ##EQU8## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said olefinic monomer is vinyl chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said olefinic monomer is a mixture of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein the surfactant is present in the aqueous medium in amounts between about 2 and about 10 wt. % based on olefinic monomer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3366584A
Cited
US3640954A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-06-15 | 1979-12-15 | 1980-06-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-06-15 | 1983-12-15 | 1984-06-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-06-15 | 1987-12-15 | 1988-06-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |