Patent US3945202A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3945202A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Rocket containing lead oxidizer salt-high density propellant
Assignee: Universal Propulsion Co Inc
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Filing: 1973-11-05
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Granted: 1976-03-23
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Expires: 1993-11-05
Abstract
Abstract A propellant including a binder, a curative for the binder (whenever necessary), an oxidizer and a fuel additive are provided. The oxidizer has a relatively high value of specific gravity or density and is stable even at relatively high temperatures and is capable of supplying relatively high amounts of oxygen to the fuel additives or the reducing agents in the propulsion material. The propellant provides density-impulses greater than the density-impulses provided by the propellants of the prior art.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank A. Marion
- 👤 Hugh J. McSpadden
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 11:10
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B45/00; C06B45/04; C06B45/06; C06B45/10; C06B29/00; C06B31/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
187 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber having a hollow configuration and including a restricted throat opening to the atmosphere to provide for the passage of combustion gases from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere through the restricted throat, a propulsion-producing material disposed in the combustion chamber and having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases in the absence of atmospheric oxygen in the member and of passing the combustion gases into the atmosphere through the restricted throat in the combustion chamber to produce propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages, a lead compound oxidizer formed from inorganic lead oxidizer salts and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular temperature range above ambient, and a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the oxidizer, the binder having a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and seventeen percent (17%) and the particulate metal fuel additive having a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and thirty percent (30%) and the remainder constituting the oxidizer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
187 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber having a hollow configuration and including a restricted throat opening to the atmosphere to provide for the passage of combustion gases from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere through the restricted throat, a propulsion-producing material disposed in the combustion chamber and having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases in the absence of atmospheric oxygen in the member and of passing the combustion gases into the atmosphere through the restricted throat in the combustion chamber to produce propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages, a lead compound oxidizer formed from inorganic lead oxidizer salts and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular temperature range above ambient, and a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the oxidizer, the binder having a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and seventeen percent (17%) and the particulate metal fuel additive having a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and thirty percent (30%) and the remainder constituting the oxidizer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The combination set forth in claim 1, wherein the binder is selected from a group consisting of polysulfides, carboxy-terminated polybutadiene polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyfluoroethylene-propylene copolymers and acetal homopolymers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the oxidizer is selected from a group consisting of the nitrate and iodate of lead.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The propulsion material set forth in claim 3, wherein the particulate metal fuel additive is selected from a group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, magnesium and titanium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
164 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber including a restricted throat opening to the atmosphere, the to provide for the passage of combustion gases through the restricted throat into the atmosphere, and a propulsion-producing material having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases for escape of the combustion gases through the restricted throat in the combustion chamber to provide propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages to become oxidized, the binder being selected from a group consisting of polysulfides and carboxy-terminated polybutadiene polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorothylene-propylene copolymers and acetal homopolymers, an oxidizer formed from an inorganic lead oxidizer salt and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular temperature range above ambient and having a low heat for formation, and a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the oxidizer, the particulate metal fuel additive being selected from a group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, magnesium and titanium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
164 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber including a restricted throat opening to the atmosphere, the to provide for the passage of combustion gases through the restricted throat into the atmosphere, and a propulsion-producing material having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases for escape of the combustion gases through the restricted throat in the combustion chamber to provide propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages to become oxidized, the binder being selected from a group consisting of polysulfides and carboxy-terminated polybutadiene polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorothylene-propylene copolymers and acetal homopolymers, an oxidizer formed from an inorganic lead oxidizer salt and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular temperature range above ambient and having a low heat for formation, and a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the oxidizer, the particulate metal fuel additive being selected from a group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, magnesium and titanium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the binder has a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and seventeen percent (17%) and the particulate metal fuel additive has a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and thirty percent (30%) and the remainder constitutes the inorganic lead oxidizer salt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
51 words
The combination set forth in claim 5 wherein further additives are included to control the rate at which the propulsion material burns, the additives being selected from a group consisting of copper manganite, cupric oxide, manganese dioxide, cuprous oxide, n-butyl ferrocene, cupric acetylacetonate, molybdenyl-bis-acetylacetonate, titanium acetylacetonate, calcium oxalate and lead oxalate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The combination set forth in claim 7 wherein the further additives constitute between approximately zero percentage (0%) and five percent (5%) by weight.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
184 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber including a restricted throat, the combustion chamber being constructed to provide for the passage of combustion gases from the combustion chamber into the atmosphere through the restricted throat, and a propulsion-producing material having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases for escape of the combustion gases through the restricted opening in the combustion chamber to provide propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages and capable of being cured at a first particular temperature, the binder including a curative for providing a curing of the binder, an oxidizer formed from an inorganic lead oxidizer salt and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular range of temperatures greater than the first particular temperature and having a low heat of formation and a relatively great amount of oxygen to provide an oxidizing action, a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the inorganic lead oxidizer salt, and an additive having properties of controlling the rate at which propulsion-producing material is combusted.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
184 words
In combination for producing propulsion, a closed combustion chamber including a restricted throat, the combustion chamber being constructed to provide for the passage of combustion gases from the combustion chamber into the atmosphere through the restricted throat, and a propulsion-producing material having properties of being combusted to produce combustion gases for escape of the combustion gases through the restricted opening in the combustion chamber to provide propulsion of the combustion chamber, the propulsion-producing material including: a binder providing hydrocarbon linkages and capable of being cured at a first particular temperature, the binder including a curative for providing a curing of the binder, an oxidizer formed from an inorganic lead oxidizer salt and having dense characteristics and stable properties at ambient temperatures and through a particular range of temperatures greater than the first particular temperature and having a low heat of formation and a relatively great amount of oxygen to provide an oxidizing action, a particulate metal fuel additive having properties of being oxidized by the inorganic lead oxidizer salt, and an additive having properties of controlling the rate at which propulsion-producing material is combusted.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The combination set forth in claim 9 wherein the binder is selected from a group consisting of polysulfides and carboxy-terminated polybutadiene polymers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein the inorganic lead oxidizer salt is selected from the group consisting of the nitrate and iodate of lead.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The combination set forth in claim 11 wherein the fuel additive is selected from a group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, magnesium and titanium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
47 words
The combination set forth in claim 12 wherein the additives to control the rate of burning are selected from a group consisting of copper manganite, cupric oxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese dioxide, cuprous oxide, n-butyl ferrorene, cupric acetylacetonate, molybdenyl-bis-acetylacetonate, titanium acetylacetonate, calcium oxalate and lead oxalate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
75 words
The combination set forth in claim 13 wherein the binder had a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and seventeen percent (17%) and the particulate metal fuel additive has a range of percentages by weight between eight percent (8%) and thirty percent (30%) and the additive to control rate of burning has a percentage by weight up to five percent (5%) by weight and the remainder constitutes the inorganic lead oxidizer salt.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-03-23 | 1979-09-22 | 1980-03-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-03-23 | 1983-09-22 | 1984-03-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-03-23 | 1987-09-22 | 1988-03-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |