Patent US3939135A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3939135A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Cofused resins and their preparation
Assignee: Stauffer Chemical Co
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Filing: 1971-02-08
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Granted: 1976-02-17
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Expires: 1991-02-08
Abstract
Abstract Aqueous suspensions of discrete particles of polymer, for instance polyvinyl latices, are heated with solvents which are at least partially water-miscible, particularly certain shortchain ketones, until the polymer is agglomerated to the desired degree. Various water-soluble inorganic metal salts, especially alkali metal and alkaline earth metal halides and sulfates, may also be added to facilitate the agglomeration. Novel macromolecular resins of high absorptivity are thus produced, comprising the fine particles of polymer cofused in a reticulated structure, the degree of cofusion being controlled at will by the process conditions selected.
Inventors
- 👤 Jesse C. H. Hwa
- 👤 Paul Kraft
- 👤 Leonard Feiler
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 05:02
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08J3/16; C08J2357/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
264 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder, said resin structure comprising a plurality of vinyl polymer resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particles thereof; said reticulated resin structure being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing an aqueous emulsion or suspension of discrete particles of a vinyl polymer and an at least partially water-miscible organic solvent system selected from the group consisting of ketones having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of such ketones with water-miscible lower alkanols of 1 to 5 carbons which are miscible with both the ketone and the water, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, diemthylacetamide and mixtures of these, and heating the admixture to a temperature of at least 40°C. and for a time sufficient to soften said vinyl polymer particles without fully solubilizing said particles and fuse said particles together with one another into a resin having a reticulated structure with interstices between said fused particles and sufficient to provide fused particles having a surface area of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α - 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of from about β = 8 to about β = 130 and a maximum bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of about 30 grams per 100 milliliters, and then separating the resulting reticulated resin structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
264 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder, said resin structure comprising a plurality of vinyl polymer resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particles thereof; said reticulated resin structure being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing an aqueous emulsion or suspension of discrete particles of a vinyl polymer and an at least partially water-miscible organic solvent system selected from the group consisting of ketones having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of such ketones with water-miscible lower alkanols of 1 to 5 carbons which are miscible with both the ketone and the water, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, diemthylacetamide and mixtures of these, and heating the admixture to a temperature of at least 40°C. and for a time sufficient to soften said vinyl polymer particles without fully solubilizing said particles and fuse said particles together with one another into a resin having a reticulated structure with interstices between said fused particles and sufficient to provide fused particles having a surface area of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α - 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of from about β = 8 to about β = 130 and a maximum bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of about 30 grams per 100 milliliters, and then separating the resulting reticulated resin structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The resin structure of claim 1, wherein said vinyl polymer is polyvinyl chloride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The resin structure of claim 1, wherein said vinyl polymer is a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The resin structure of claim 1, wherein in the process used for its preparation said solvent system also contains a water-soluble alkali metal salt electrolyte.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
The resin structure of Claim 2, wherein in the process used for its preparation said solvent system is one part by volume of cyclohexanone with between 0 and 10 parts by volume of methanol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The resin structure of claim 2, wherein in the process used for its preparation said solvent system is acetone.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The resin structure of claim 2, wherein in the process used for its preparation said solvent system is cyclohexaneone.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The resin structure of claim 1, wherein in the process used for its preparation an inert pigment is added to the system and a pigmented resin structure is separated.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
241 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder, said resin structure comprising a plurality of polyvinyl chloride resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particles thereof; said reticulated resin structure being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing discrete particles of polyvinyl chloride in a solvent system consisting essentially of methanol, cyclohexanone, and water in the proportions encompassed within the miscible region which is present to the right of the 23°C. miscibility curve in the phase diagram of FIG. IV, heating the mixture at a temperature between about 40°C. and 100°C. for between about 1/2 and 5 hours to soften said polyvinyl chloride particles without fully solubilizing said particles sufficiently to fuse said particles together with one another forming a reticulated resin structure with interstices between said fused particles and sufficient to provide fused particles having a surface area of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α = 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of from about β = 8 to about β = 130, and a bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of less than 30 grams per 100 milliliters, and separating the resulting reticulated resin structure.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
241 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder, said resin structure comprising a plurality of polyvinyl chloride resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particles thereof; said reticulated resin structure being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing discrete particles of polyvinyl chloride in a solvent system consisting essentially of methanol, cyclohexanone, and water in the proportions encompassed within the miscible region which is present to the right of the 23°C. miscibility curve in the phase diagram of FIG. IV, heating the mixture at a temperature between about 40°C. and 100°C. for between about 1/2 and 5 hours to soften said polyvinyl chloride particles without fully solubilizing said particles sufficiently to fuse said particles together with one another forming a reticulated resin structure with interstices between said fused particles and sufficient to provide fused particles having a surface area of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α = 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of from about β = 8 to about β = 130, and a bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of less than 30 grams per 100 milliliters, and separating the resulting reticulated resin structure.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
232 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder said resin structure comprising a plurality of polyvinyl chloride resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particle thereof; said reticulated resin being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing an aqueous latex of polyvinyl chloride particles in a solvent system comprising acetone and a water soluble alkali metal salt electrolyte selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride and heating the admixture to a temperature of about 50 and 85 degrees C. for from about 0.5 to 2 hours thus softening said polyvinyl chloride particles without fully solubilizing them, thereby fusing said particles with one another into a resin having a reticulated structure with interstices between the thus fused particles and then precipitating the resulting resin structure, said reticulated resin structure being characterized by a surface are of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α = 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of about 62 = 8 to about β = 130, and a maximum bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of about 30 grams per 100 milliliters.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
232 words
A reticulated resin structure in the form of a dry, free flowing powder said resin structure comprising a plurality of polyvinyl chloride resin particles which are fused to one another at a plurality of contact points in a manner such that said resin structure has interstices between the thus fused particle thereof; said reticulated resin being prepared by means of a process which comprises intimately mixing an aqueous latex of polyvinyl chloride particles in a solvent system comprising acetone and a water soluble alkali metal salt electrolyte selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride and heating the admixture to a temperature of about 50 and 85 degrees C. for from about 0.5 to 2 hours thus softening said polyvinyl chloride particles without fully solubilizing them, thereby fusing said particles with one another into a resin having a reticulated structure with interstices between the thus fused particles and then precipitating the resulting resin structure, said reticulated resin structure being characterized by a surface are of at least 2M 2 /g as measured by the BET method, a dry aggregate strength as measured by the Instron method of at least α = 20, a wet aggregate strength as measured by the modified Brookfield test of about 62 = 8 to about β = 130, and a maximum bulk density by the ASTM-D1182 method of about 30 grams per 100 milliliters.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-02-16 | 1979-08-18 | 1980-02-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-02-16 | 1983-08-18 | 1984-02-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-02-16 | 1987-08-18 | 1988-02-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |