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US3939102A
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Hydrocarbon isomerization catalyst and process
Assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
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Filing: 1974-03-29
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Granted: 1976-02-17
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Expires: 1994-03-29
Abstract
Abstract A hydrocarbon isomerization catalyst composition, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a germanium component, a halogen component and a Friedel-Crafts metal halide component combined with a refractory inorganic oxide is disclosed. A specific example of the disclosed catalytic composition is a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, an iridium component, a germanium component, a chloride component and an aluminum chloride component with an alumina carrier material, effective in isomerizing a pentane-hexane hydrocarbon fraction or in isomerizing non-equilibrium mixtures of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons such as xylenes.
Inventors
- 👤 John C. Hayes
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 07:28
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G47/00; C10G47/02; C10G47/10; C10G47/12; C10G47/14; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/38; B01J23/54; B01J23/56; B01J23/62; B01J23/622; B01J23/624; B01J27/00; B01J27/06; B01J27/08; B01J37/00; B01J37/22; C07; C07C; C07C5/00; C07C5/22; C07C5/23; C07C5/25; C07C5/2506; C07C5/2556; C07C5/27; C07C5/2729; C07C5/2732; C07C5/2754; C07C5/2767; C07C5/277; C07C5/2791; C10G35/00; C10G35/04; C10G35/06; C10G35/085; C10G35/09; C07C2521/00; C07C2521/02; C07C2521/04; C07C2523/00; C07C2523/14; C07C2523/38; C07C2523/40; C07C2523/42; C07C2523/44; C07C2523/46; C07C2523/54; C07C2523/56; C07C2523/62; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/06; C07C2527/08; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52; Y02P20/582
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
126 words
A catalytic composite consisting essentially of a refractory inorganic oxide having combined therewith, on a Friedel-Crafts metal halide-free basis, about 0.01 to about 2 weight percent platinum or palladium, about 0.01 to about 2 weight percent iridium, about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent germanium, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 weight percent halogen in halide form, calculated on an elemental basis, and about 1.0 to about 100 weight percent Friedel-Crafts metal halide, wherein the platinum or palladium, iridium and germanium are uniformly dispersed throughout the refractory inorganic oxide, wherein substantially all of the platinum or palladium and iridium are present in the corresponding metallic states and wherein substantially all of the germanium is present in the form of the oxide, sulfide, halide, oxychloride or aluminate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
126 words
A catalytic composite consisting essentially of a refractory inorganic oxide having combined therewith, on a Friedel-Crafts metal halide-free basis, about 0.01 to about 2 weight percent platinum or palladium, about 0.01 to about 2 weight percent iridium, about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent germanium, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 weight percent halogen in halide form, calculated on an elemental basis, and about 1.0 to about 100 weight percent Friedel-Crafts metal halide, wherein the platinum or palladium, iridium and germanium are uniformly dispersed throughout the refractory inorganic oxide, wherein substantially all of the platinum or palladium and iridium are present in the corresponding metallic states and wherein substantially all of the germanium is present in the form of the oxide, sulfide, halide, oxychloride or aluminate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the Friedel-Crafts metal halide is anhydrous aluminum chloride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composite as defined in claim 2 wherein the refractory inorganic oxide is alumina.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the halogen is in chloride form.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of germanium to platinum or palladium contained in the composite is about 0.3:1 to about 10:1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of iridium to platinum or palladium contained in the composite is about 0.1:1 to about 2:1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalytic composite is sulfided to contain about 0.05 to about 0.5 weight percent sulfur, calculated on an elemental, Friedel-Crafts metal halide-free basis.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein substantially all of the germanium is present in the catalytic composite as germanium oxide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
51 words
A composite as defined in claim 1 wherein the composite contains, on a Friedel-Crafts metal halide-free, elemental basis, about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent platinum, about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent iridium, about 0.05 to about 2 weight percent germanium and about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent halogen.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-02-16 | 1979-08-18 | 1980-02-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-02-16 | 1983-08-18 | 1984-02-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-02-16 | 1987-08-18 | 1988-02-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |