Double dispersion acrylate or methacrylate wet developer

Claim 2

A wet developer for use in electrophotography comprising a carrier liquid having an electrical resistance of at least 10 4 ohm cm. and a dielectric constant up to 3, there being two types of particles disposed therein, particles A and particles B; 1. said particles A having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 μ and comprising pigment particles coated with at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (a); 2.

Claim 3

said particles B being adhesive, having a particle size of from 0.01 to 10 μ and comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of Resin 1, Resin 2 and Resin 3; Resin 1 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (a), at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b), and at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (c); Resin 2 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (a), and at least one members of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b); and Resin 3 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b), and at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (c): the said polymer Groups (a), (b), and (c) being defined as: Polymer Group (a): Polymers selected from the group consisting of: 1. copolymers containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, chlorostyrene, hydroxystyrene, vinyl benzoate, aminostyrene, nitrostyrene, dimethyl aminostyrene and methylstyrene together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, b. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms (there being up to 20 mol % of such monomer in a copolymer), 2. alkyl acrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 3. alkyl methacrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 4. alkyl acrylate-alkyl methacrylate copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 5. styrene-butadiene copolymers containing more than 70 mol % styrene, 6. polystyrene, 7. polyvinyl toluene, 8. phenol resins, 9. epoxy resins, 10. petroleum resins

Claim 4

said particles B being adhesive, having a particle size of from 0.01 to 10 μ and comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of Resin 1, Resin 2 and Resin 3; Resin 1 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (a), at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b), and at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (c); Resin 2 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (a), and at least one members of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b); and Resin 3 comprising a mixture containing at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (b), and at least one member of the polymers selected from the group consisting of Group (c): the said polymer Groups (a), (b), and (c) being defined as: Polymer Group (a): Polymers selected from the group consisting of: 1. copolymers containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, chlorostyrene, hydroxystyrene, vinyl benzoate, aminostyrene, nitrostyrene, dimethyl aminostyrene and methylstyrene together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, b. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms (there being up to 20 mol % of such monomer in a copolymer), 2. alkyl acrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 3. alkyl methacrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 4. alkyl acrylate-alkyl methacrylate copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 5. styrene-butadiene copolymers containing more than 70 mol % styrene, 6. polystyrene, 7. polyvinyl toluene, 8. phenol resins, 9. epoxy resins, 10. petroleum resins

Claim 5

rosin denatured alkyd resins, 12. polyamides, and 13. waxes: Polymer Group (b): Polymers selected from the group consisting of: 1. copolymers selected from the group consisting of styrene, chlorostyrene, hydroxystyrene, vinyl benzoate, aminostyrene, nitrostyrene, dimethyl amino styrene, and methylstyrene, together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains from 7 to 12 carbon atoms (there being more than 30 mol % of said monomer in a copolymer), 2. alkyl acrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms, 3. alkyl methacrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms, 4. styrene-butadiene copolymers containing up to 55 mol % of styrene, 5. chlorinated isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, and 6. butyl rubber: Polymer Group (c): Polymers selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 6

rosin denatured alkyd resins, 12. polyamides, and 13. waxes: Polymer Group (b): Polymers selected from the group consisting of: 1. copolymers selected from the group consisting of styrene, chlorostyrene, hydroxystyrene, vinyl benzoate, aminostyrene, nitrostyrene, dimethyl amino styrene, and methylstyrene, together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains from 7 to 12 carbon atoms (there being more than 30 mol % of said monomer in a copolymer), 2. alkyl acrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms, 3. alkyl methacrylate polymers and copolymers wherein the alkyl group contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms, 4. styrene-butadiene copolymers containing up to 55 mol % of styrene, 5. chlorinated isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, and 6. butyl rubber: Polymer Group (c): Polymers selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 7

copolymers containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. hydroxy and epoxy alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acrylonitrile, and acrylic and methacrylic acid together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl

Claim 8

copolymers containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a. hydroxy and epoxy alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl group contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acrylonitrile, and acrylic and methacrylic acid together with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates and methacrylates wherein the alkyl

Claim 9

group contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms. 2. A developer according to claim 1 containing only Resin 1, the weight ratio of Polymer Group (a) to Polymer Group (b) to Polymer Group (c) being from 1:1 - 10:1 - 5.

Claim 10

A developer according to claim 1 containing only Resin 2, the weight ratio of Polymer Group (a) to Polymer Group (b) being from 1:1 - 10.

Claim 11

A developer according to claim 1 containing only Resin 3, the weight ratio of Polymer Group (b) to Polymer Group (c) being from 1:1 - 10.

Claim 12

A developer according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of pigment to resin in Particles A is from 1:1 - 10.

Claim 13

A developer according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of Particles A to Particles B is from 1:0.5 - 30.

Claim 14

A developer according to claim 1 wherein Particles B contain up to 20% by weight of a pigment or a dye.