Patent US3932815A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3932815A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Broadband waveguide mixer
Assignee: Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
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Filing: 1975-03-21
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Granted: 1976-01-13
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Expires: 1995-03-21
Abstract
Abstract A broadband waveguide mixer suitable for the microwave and millimeter wave regions is described. The mixer is characterized by having a unique dual-guide mixer mount through which extends two parallel and spaced waveguides. The RF wave and the local oscillator wave are respectively impressed on the two waveguides via a hybrid coupler. A pair of crossbars extend through each waveguide. A pair of diodes connected back-to-back are disposed in each waveguide and are connected to the respective crossbars. Each pair of diodes has a polarity opposite to that of the other pair. The output is derived from a coaxial cable connected to the adjacent ends of the two crossbars. The input signals may be applied by a folded hybrid tee or a short slot hybrid coupler to simplify the input structure. The mixer has low noise and broadband performance.
Inventors
- 👤 Lloyd T. Yuan
- 👤 Jack S. Honda
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 08:57
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03D; H03D9/00; H03D9/06; H03D9/0608; H03D9/0616; H03D9/0625
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
179 words
A broadband waveguide mixer suitable for use in the microwave and millimeter wave regions comprising: a. a first waveguide; b. a second waveguide, said waveguides being disposed substantially parallel and spaced from each other; c. a first elongated conductive element extending transversely through said first waveguide; d. a second elongated conductive element extending transversely through said second waveguide, said elements being disposed substantially on a common axis and being spaced from each other; e. a first pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said first waveguide and in contact with said first element; f. a second pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said second waveguide and in contact with said second element, said first pair of diodes having a polarity opposite to that of said second pair of diodes; and g. a coaxial conductor connected to the adjacent ends of said elements, whereby when a first wave is impressed on said first waveguide and a second wave of different frequency is impressed on said second waveguide, the difference frequency wave is derived from said coaxial conductor.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
179 words
A broadband waveguide mixer suitable for use in the microwave and millimeter wave regions comprising: a. a first waveguide; b. a second waveguide, said waveguides being disposed substantially parallel and spaced from each other; c. a first elongated conductive element extending transversely through said first waveguide; d. a second elongated conductive element extending transversely through said second waveguide, said elements being disposed substantially on a common axis and being spaced from each other; e. a first pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said first waveguide and in contact with said first element; f. a second pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said second waveguide and in contact with said second element, said first pair of diodes having a polarity opposite to that of said second pair of diodes; and g. a coaxial conductor connected to the adjacent ends of said elements, whereby when a first wave is impressed on said first waveguide and a second wave of different frequency is impressed on said second waveguide, the difference frequency wave is derived from said coaxial conductor.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A mixer as defined in claim 1 wherein means is provided for insulating each of said elements from its respective waveguide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A mixer as defined in claim 2 wherein a capacitor is connected to the adjacent ends of each of said elements to provide coupling and direct current isolation.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A mixer as defined in claim 3 wherein means is provided for individually biasing said diodes.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
52 words
A mixer as defined in claim 1 wherein means is provided for impressing a radio frequency wave on one of said waveguides and additional means for impressing a local oscillator wave on the other waveguide, said waves being out of phase, whereby the intermediate frequency wave is derived from said coaxial cable.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A mixer as defined in claim 5 wherein a waveguide adaptor is connected to said waveguides.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
210 words
A broadband waveguide mixer suitable for use in the microwave and millimeter wave regions comprising: a. a mixer mount; b. a first waveguide extending through said mount; c. a second waveguide extending through said mount and disposed substantially parallel to and spaced from said first waveguide; d. a first elongated conductive element extending transversely through said mount and said first waveguide; e. a second elongated conductive element extending transversely through said mount and said second waveguide, said elements being disposed substantially on a common axis and having their adjacent ends spaced from each other; f. means for insulating said conductive elements from said mount; g. a first pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said first waveguide and in contact with said first element; h. a second pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said second waveguide and in contact with said second element, said first pair of diodes having a polarity opposite to that of said second pair of diodes; and i. a coaxial conductor connected to the adjacent ends of said elements, whereby when a first wave is impressed on said first waveguide and a second wave of different frequency is impressed on said second waveguide, the difference frequency wave is derived from said coaxial conductor.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
210 words
A broadband waveguide mixer suitable for use in the microwave and millimeter wave regions comprising: a. a mixer mount; b. a first waveguide extending through said mount; c. a second waveguide extending through said mount and disposed substantially parallel to and spaced from said first waveguide; d. a first elongated conductive element extending transversely through said mount and said first waveguide; e. a second elongated conductive element extending transversely through said mount and said second waveguide, said elements being disposed substantially on a common axis and having their adjacent ends spaced from each other; f. means for insulating said conductive elements from said mount; g. a first pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said first waveguide and in contact with said first element; h. a second pair of diodes arranged back-to-back and disposed in said second waveguide and in contact with said second element, said first pair of diodes having a polarity opposite to that of said second pair of diodes; and i. a coaxial conductor connected to the adjacent ends of said elements, whereby when a first wave is impressed on said first waveguide and a second wave of different frequency is impressed on said second waveguide, the difference frequency wave is derived from said coaxial conductor.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
A mixer as defined in claim 7 wherein a conductive member is provided for each of said diodes, each of said conductive members extending through said mixer mounts, and means for insulating each of said members from said mount.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
A waveguide mixer as defined in claim 8 wherein a capacitor is connected between each of the adjacent ends of said elements and said coaxial conductor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
A mixer as defined in claim 9 wherein means is connected between each of said conductive elements and an associated one of said conductive members for individually biasing said diodes.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A mixer as defined in claim 7 wherein an opening is provided through said mixer mount through which said coaxial conductor extends.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-01-12 | 1979-07-14 | 1980-01-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-01-12 | 1983-07-14 | 1984-01-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-01-12 | 1987-07-14 | 1988-01-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |