Patent US3932224A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3932224A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of preventing scale from being deposited in case of producing fresh water from sea water
Assignee: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
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Filing: 1974-12-16
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Granted: 1976-01-13
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Expires: 1994-12-16
Abstract
Abstract A method of preventing scale from being deposited in case of producing fresh water from sea water by heating the sea water in a vapour pressure type evaporator and multiple stage flush evaporator and by condensing water vapour evolved to obtain the fresh water comprising adding to the sea water small amount of seed crystal selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide together with a surface active agent selected from the group consisting of a nonionic active agent and cation surface active agent.
Inventors
- 👤 Kunio Hirota
- 👤 Yoshinori Takata
- 👤 Yoshijiro Arikawa
- 👤 Kazuo Tanno
- 👤 Yoshiaki Okajima
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 04:18
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F5/00; C02F5/02; C02F1/00; C02F1/02; C02F1/04; C02F1/042; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A20/00; Y02A20/124; Y10; Y10S; Y10S159/00; Y10S159/13; Y10S159/38; Y10S203/00; Y10S203/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
125 words
A method of preventing scale from being deposited in case of producing fresh water from sea water by heating the sea water at a temperature not higher than 120°C to obtain a concentration ratio of not larger than 2 and by condensing water vapour evolved to obtain the fresh water, comprising adding to the sea water 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one seed crystal selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate and 1 to 100 ppm of at least one surface active agent selected from the group consisting of alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, alkenyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, acyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, polyoxyethylenealkylamine, polyoxyethylenealkenylamine, and polyoxyethylenacylamine, the carbon number of the alkyl group, alkenyl group and acyl group being 10 to 20.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
125 words
A method of preventing scale from being deposited in case of producing fresh water from sea water by heating the sea water at a temperature not higher than 120°C to obtain a concentration ratio of not larger than 2 and by condensing water vapour evolved to obtain the fresh water, comprising adding to the sea water 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one seed crystal selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate and 1 to 100 ppm of at least one surface active agent selected from the group consisting of alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, alkenyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, acyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, polyoxyethylenealkylamine, polyoxyethylenealkenylamine, and polyoxyethylenacylamine, the carbon number of the alkyl group, alkenyl group and acyl group being 10 to 20.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said surface active agent is one selected from the group consisting of cetyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and polyoxyethylenestearylamine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said surface active agent is used on the order of 2 to 10 ppm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein 1 to 2% by weight of said seed crystal is added to the sea water.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amount of magnesium hydroxide in said seed crystal is 50 to 25% by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are a mixture containing these compounds with a weight ratio of 100:100 to 25.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-01-12 | 1979-07-14 | 1980-01-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-01-12 | 1983-07-14 | 1984-01-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-01-12 | 1987-07-14 | 1988-01-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |