Patent US3928215A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3928215A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
High fluidity cutting oils which exhibit retro-viscous properties
Assignee: Marathon Oil Co
•
Filing: 1973-09-10
•
Granted: 1975-12-23
•
Expires: 1993-09-10
Abstract
Abstract An improved cutting oil composition containing lamellar micelles and which exhibits retro-viscous properties at noncryogenic temperatures is composed of 4-15% of a surfactant (preferably petroleum sulfonate having an average equivalent weight of 350525), 30-70% of liquid hydrocarbon, 15-66% of water and optionally up to 20% of a cosurfactant (preferably an alcohol containing 1-20 carbon atoms) and/or electrolyte (preferably inorganic salt). The micelles within the composition must have an axial ratio of at least 3.5. Also, the composition is substantially optically clear, phase stable, birefrigent, and the flow properties are such that substantially large increases in flow rates, e.g. 20-fold, can be realized at very small pressure increases, e.g. 5%. Additional additives to impart desired properties can be included within the composition.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl D Dreher
- 👤 William B Gogarty
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:14
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M3/00; B; B65; B65G; B65G53/00; B65G53/30; C09; C09K; C09K8/00; C09K8/02; C09K8/04; C09K8/26; C09K8/28; C09K8/60; C09K8/62; C10M173/00; C10M2201/00; C10M2201/02; C10M2201/06; C10M2201/063; C10M2201/08; C10M2201/081; C10M2201/082; C10M2201/084; C10M2203/00; C10M2203/10; C10M2203/102; C10M2203/104; C10M2203/106; C10M2203/108; C10M2207/00; C10M2207/02; C10M2207/021; C10M2207/023; C10M2207/04; C10M2207/042; C10M2207/046; C10M2207/08; C10M2207/10; C10M2207/14; C10M2207/142; C10M2209/00; C10M2209/10; C10M2209/103; C10M2209/104; C10M2211/00; C10M2211/02; C10M2215/00; C10M2215/02; C10M2215/04; C10M2215/24; C10M2215/26; C10M2219/00; C10M2219/04; C10M2219/044; C10N; C10N2010/00; C10N2010/02; C10N2040/00; C10N2040/20; C10N2040/22; C10N2050/00; C10N2050/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
110 words
IN A PROCESS OF MACHINING METAL WHEREIN A CUTTING OIL COMPRISES OF ABOUT 30 TO ABOUT 70% OF A LIQUID HYDROCARBON, ABOUT 15 TO ABOUT 66% OF WATER, ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 15% OF AN ANIONIC SURFACTANT HAVING AN AVERAGE EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF 350 TO ABOUT 525 OR A CARBOXYLATE HAVING AN AVERAGE EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF ABOUT 200 TO ABOUT 500, AND OPTIONALLY CONTAINING ABOUT 0.001 TO ABOUT 20% OF A COSURFACTANT, THE PERCENTS BASED ON WEIGHT, IS USED THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING USING AS THE CUTTING OIL A COMPOSITION CONTAINING LAMELLAR MICELLES HAVING AN AXIAL RATIO OF AT LEAST ABOUT 3.5 AND THE CUTTING OIL ALSO EXHIBITING RETRO VISCOUS PROPERTIES.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
110 words
IN A PROCESS OF MACHINING METAL WHEREIN A CUTTING OIL COMPRISES OF ABOUT 30 TO ABOUT 70% OF A LIQUID HYDROCARBON, ABOUT 15 TO ABOUT 66% OF WATER, ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 15% OF AN ANIONIC SURFACTANT HAVING AN AVERAGE EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF 350 TO ABOUT 525 OR A CARBOXYLATE HAVING AN AVERAGE EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF ABOUT 200 TO ABOUT 500, AND OPTIONALLY CONTAINING ABOUT 0.001 TO ABOUT 20% OF A COSURFACTANT, THE PERCENTS BASED ON WEIGHT, IS USED THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING USING AS THE CUTTING OIL A COMPOSITION CONTAINING LAMELLAR MICELLES HAVING AN AXIAL RATIO OF AT LEAST ABOUT 3.5 AND THE CUTTING OIL ALSO EXHIBITING RETRO VISCOUS PROPERTIES.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactant is a petroleum sulfonate containing an alkali metal or ammonium cation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cutting oil contains the cosurfactant.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the composition contains 0.001 to about 5% by weight of an electrolyte which is an inorganic salt, inorganic base, inorganic acid, or a combination thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactant is present in concentrations of about 5.5% to about 12%, the hydrocarbon is present in concentrations of about 40 to about 60% and the water is present in concentrations of about 20 to about 55%.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the axial ratio of the micelles is at least about 10.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the axial ratio of the micelles is at least about 20.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
90 words
In a process of machining metal wherein a cutting oil comprised of about 4 to about 15% of an alkaryl sulfonate having an average equivalent weight within the range of about 350 to about 525, about 30% to about 70% of a liquid hydrocarbon, about 15 to about 66% of water, and about 0.01 to about 20% of a cosurfactant is used, the improvement comprising using as the cutting oil a composition containing lamellar micelles having an axial ratio of at least about 3.5 and which exhibits retro viscous properties.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
90 words
In a process of machining metal wherein a cutting oil comprised of about 4 to about 15% of an alkaryl sulfonate having an average equivalent weight within the range of about 350 to about 525, about 30% to about 70% of a liquid hydrocarbon, about 15 to about 66% of water, and about 0.01 to about 20% of a cosurfactant is used, the improvement comprising using as the cutting oil a composition containing lamellar micelles having an axial ratio of at least about 3.5 and which exhibits retro viscous properties.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the composition contains about 0.001 to about 5%, by weight, of an electrolyte which is an inorganic salt, inorganic acid, inorganic base or combination thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the sulfonate is a petroleum sulfonate having an average equivalent weight within the range of about 375 to about 500.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the hydrocarbon concentration is about 45 to about 55%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the hydrocarbon is a crude oil, partially refined fraction of a crude oil, or a refined fraction of a cruDe oil.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the water concentration is about 25 to about 50%.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the axial ratio of the micelles is at least about 10.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3330343A
Cited
US3497006A
Cited
US3506071A
Cited
US3506070A
Cited
US3740343A
Cited
US3698479A
Cited
US3673124A
Cited
US3691072A
Cited
US3770649A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-12-22 | 1979-06-23 | 1979-12-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-12-22 | 1983-06-23 | 1983-12-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-12-22 | 1987-06-23 | 1987-12-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |