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US3909354A
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Process for isomerizing glucose to fructose
Assignee: Stabra AG
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Filing: 1973-11-19
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Granted: 1975-09-30
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Expires: 1993-11-19
Abstract
Abstract Glucose isomerase bound to an inert carrier is maintained in suspension while being contacted with a glucose containing solution under specific conditions whereby a portion of the glucose is converted to fructose.
Inventors
- 👤 Kenneth N Thompson
- 👤 Richard A Johnson
- 👤 Norman E Lloyd
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 09:29
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12P; C12P19/00; C12P19/24; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/813; Y10S435/8215; Y10S435/822; Y10S435/886
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
187 words
A PROCESS OF ENZYMATICALLY CONVERTING GLUCOSE TO FRUCTOSE COMPRISING CONTINUOUSLY INTRODUCING A GLUCOSE-CONTAINING SOLUTION HAVING A VISCOSITY OF FROM ABOUT 6 TO ABOUT 100 CENTIPOSE, A PH IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 6 TO ABOUT 9. A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 20* TO ABOUT 80*C. AND CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 80 PERCENT GLUCOSE BY WEIGHT INTO A ZONE CONTAINING PARTICLES OF BOUND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF GLUCOSE ISOMERASE BOUND TO AN ANION EXCHANGE CELLULOSE AND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE BOUND TO A SYNTHETIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN WHEREBY THE PARTICLES OF THE BOUND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE ARE MAINTAINED IN SUSPENSION AND UP TO 54 PERCENT OF THE GLUCOSE IS CONVERTED TO FRUCTOSE, THE COLOUR OF THE CONVERTED SOLUTION IS INCREASED BY LESS THAN 2 COLOR UNITS AND THERE IS NO SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCTION OF PSICOSE, AND WITHDRAWING SAID CONVERTDE SOLUTION FROM SAID ZONE AT A RATE SUBSTANTIALLY EQUIVALENT TO THE RATE SAID GLUCOSE CONTAINING SOLUTION IS INTRODUCED INTO SAID ZONE, THE PARTICLES OF THE BOUND GLUCOSE BEING CHARACTERIZED AS HAVING A GLUCOSE ISOMERASE ACTIVITY OF AT LEAST 3 IGIU PER CUBIC CENTIMETER
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
187 words
A PROCESS OF ENZYMATICALLY CONVERTING GLUCOSE TO FRUCTOSE COMPRISING CONTINUOUSLY INTRODUCING A GLUCOSE-CONTAINING SOLUTION HAVING A VISCOSITY OF FROM ABOUT 6 TO ABOUT 100 CENTIPOSE, A PH IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 6 TO ABOUT 9. A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 20* TO ABOUT 80*C. AND CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 80 PERCENT GLUCOSE BY WEIGHT INTO A ZONE CONTAINING PARTICLES OF BOUND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF GLUCOSE ISOMERASE BOUND TO AN ANION EXCHANGE CELLULOSE AND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE BOUND TO A SYNTHETIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN WHEREBY THE PARTICLES OF THE BOUND GLUCOSE ISOMERASE ARE MAINTAINED IN SUSPENSION AND UP TO 54 PERCENT OF THE GLUCOSE IS CONVERTED TO FRUCTOSE, THE COLOUR OF THE CONVERTED SOLUTION IS INCREASED BY LESS THAN 2 COLOR UNITS AND THERE IS NO SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCTION OF PSICOSE, AND WITHDRAWING SAID CONVERTDE SOLUTION FROM SAID ZONE AT A RATE SUBSTANTIALLY EQUIVALENT TO THE RATE SAID GLUCOSE CONTAINING SOLUTION IS INTRODUCED INTO SAID ZONE, THE PARTICLES OF THE BOUND GLUCOSE BEING CHARACTERIZED AS HAVING A GLUCOSE ISOMERASE ACTIVITY OF AT LEAST 3 IGIU PER CUBIC CENTIMETER
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the glucose-containing solution is from about 2 to about 20 centipoise and the pH of the solution is from about 6.5 to about 8.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 2, wherein the glucose-containing solution contains from about 40 to about 60 percent glucose by weight and the pH of the solution is from about 7 to about 8.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 2, wherein the stability value of the bound glucose isomerase is at least about 300 hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 4, wherein the stability value of the bound glucose isomerase is at least about 400 hours.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 1, wherein the glucose isomerase is bound to DEAE-cellulose.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 4, wherein the glucose-containing solution introduced into the zone is produced by treating starch with an acid to liquefy the starch and then treating the liquefied starch with a glucose-forming enzyme to obtain the glucose-containing solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 4, wherein the glucose-containing solution introduced into the zone is produced by treating starch with an enzyme to liquefy the starch and then treating the liquefied starch with a glucose-forming enzyme to obtain the glucose-containing solution.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 4, wherein the glucose isomerase is derived from Streptomyces ATCC 21175.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 1, wherein the glucose-containing solution is contacted with the bound glucose isomerase under conditions whereby less than about 1 percent psicose is produced.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 10, wherein the glucose-containing solution is contacted with the bound glucose isomerase under conditions whereby less than about 0.5 percent psicose is produced.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose To fructose as defined in claim 11, wherein the glucose-containing solution is contacted with the bound glucose isomerase under conditions whereby less than about 0.1 percent psicose is produced.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 11, wherein the glucose-containing solution is contacted with the bound glucose isomerase under conditions whereby the color of the converted solution is increased by less than 0.05 color units.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process of enzymatically converting glucose to fructose as defined in claim 12, wherein the glucose-containing solution is contacted with the bound glucose isomerase under conditions whereby the color of the converted solution is increased by less than 0.03 color units.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3788945A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-29 | 1979-03-31 | 1979-09-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-29 | 1983-03-31 | 1983-09-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-29 | 1987-03-31 | 1987-09-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |