Abstract A vessel containing a catalytic bed for an endothermic reaction for processing hydrocarbon fuel in a fuel cell, such as a hydrocarbon/steam reform reaction, is coaxially disposed inside a vessel containing a catalytic bed for the exothermic water/gas shift conversion reaction. Start up heat required to bring the shift converter catalytic bed up to operating temperature is provided by the primary heat supply of the endothermic reaction, such as an adjacent hydrogen burner or a flow of hot exhaust from a remote burner, thereby eliminating the need for shift converter start up heaters. In one embodiment, burner air flows between the primary heat and the shift converter bed during normal running operation, the flow of burner air being bypassed for an improved heat transfer to the shift converter bed during start-up.
IN A FUEL CELL POWER PLANT, A STEAM REFORM REACTOR/SELFSTARTING SHIFT CONVERTER COMBINATION, COMPRISING: A REFORM REACTOR COMPRISING A BURNER AND A PLURALITY OF CHAMBERS, A FIRST OF SAID CHAMBERS BEING A REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER HAVING AN INLET FOR RECEIVING HYDROCARBON FUEL AND CONTAINING STEM REFORM REACTION CATALYST FOR CONVERTING THE HYDROCARBON FUEL TO HYDROGEN AND OTHER PRODUCTS AND HAVING AN OUTLET, FIRST DUCT MEANS SURROUNDING A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF SAID REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER AND IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP THEREWITH, A SECOND OF SAID CHAMBERS CONTAINING SAID BURNER AND PROVIDING FOR THE FLOW OF HOT GASES INTO SAID FIRST DUCT MEANS AROUND SAID REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER, SAID BURNER INCLUDING AN AIR PLENUM WITH A DIRECT AIR INLET, SECOND DUCT MEANS SURRONDING IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF SAID FIRST DUCT MEANS AND HAVING AN AIR INLET FOR RECEIVING BURNER AIR AND AN AIR OUTLET OPENING INTO SAID AIR PLENUM OF SAID BURNER, A SHIFT CONVERSION CHAMBER SURROUNDING IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP SUBSTANTIAL PORTIONS OF SAID SECOND DUCT MEANS AND SAID REFORM REACTOR AND HAVING AN INLET FOR RECEIVING THE PRODUCT OF SAID REFORM REACTOR AND AN OUTLET FOR SUPPLYING PROCESSED HYDROCARBON FUEL INCLUDING HYDROGEN TO SAID FUEL CELL POWER PLANT, AND A SOURCE OF AMBIENT BURNER AIR AIR INCLUDING A VALVE AND A PAIR OF CONDUITS, THE FIRST CONDUITS OF SAID PAIR CONNECTED TO SAID AIR INLET OF SAID SECOND DUCT MEANS AND THE SECOND CONDUIT OF SAID PAIR CONNECTED TO SAID DIRECT AIR INLET OF SAID AIR PLENUM, SAID VALVE BEING ADAPTED TO SUPPLY BURNER AIR TO SAID SECOND CONDUIT DURING START-UP AND TO SAID FIRST CONDUIT DURING RUNNING AFTERR START-UP.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
274 words
IN A FUEL CELL POWER PLANT, A STEAM REFORM REACTOR/SELFSTARTING SHIFT CONVERTER COMBINATION, COMPRISING: A REFORM REACTOR COMPRISING A BURNER AND A PLURALITY OF CHAMBERS, A FIRST OF SAID CHAMBERS BEING A REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER HAVING AN INLET FOR RECEIVING HYDROCARBON FUEL AND CONTAINING STEM REFORM REACTION CATALYST FOR CONVERTING THE HYDROCARBON FUEL TO HYDROGEN AND OTHER PRODUCTS AND HAVING AN OUTLET, FIRST DUCT MEANS SURROUNDING A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF SAID REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER AND IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP THEREWITH, A SECOND OF SAID CHAMBERS CONTAINING SAID BURNER AND PROVIDING FOR THE FLOW OF HOT GASES INTO SAID FIRST DUCT MEANS AROUND SAID REFORM REACTOR CHAMBER, SAID BURNER INCLUDING AN AIR PLENUM WITH A DIRECT AIR INLET, SECOND DUCT MEANS SURRONDING IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF SAID FIRST DUCT MEANS AND HAVING AN AIR INLET FOR RECEIVING BURNER AIR AND AN AIR OUTLET OPENING INTO SAID AIR PLENUM OF SAID BURNER, A SHIFT CONVERSION CHAMBER SURROUNDING IN HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP SUBSTANTIAL PORTIONS OF SAID SECOND DUCT MEANS AND SAID REFORM REACTOR AND HAVING AN INLET FOR RECEIVING THE PRODUCT OF SAID REFORM REACTOR AND AN OUTLET FOR SUPPLYING PROCESSED HYDROCARBON FUEL INCLUDING HYDROGEN TO SAID FUEL CELL POWER PLANT, AND A SOURCE OF AMBIENT BURNER AIR AIR INCLUDING A VALVE AND A PAIR OF CONDUITS, THE FIRST CONDUITS OF SAID PAIR CONNECTED TO SAID AIR INLET OF SAID SECOND DUCT MEANS AND THE SECOND CONDUIT OF SAID PAIR CONNECTED TO SAID DIRECT AIR INLET OF SAID AIR PLENUM, SAID VALVE BEING ADAPTED TO SUPPLY BURNER AIR TO SAID SECOND CONDUIT DURING START-UP AND TO SAID FIRST CONDUIT DURING RUNNING AFTERR START-UP.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The combination according to claim 1 further comprising: a thin layer of insulation surrounding a substantial portion of said shift conversion chamber.