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US3908045A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Encapsulation process for particles

Assignee: Lever Brothers Co
•
Filing: 1973-12-07
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Granted: 1975-09-23
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Expires: 1993-12-07
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Abstract

Abstract Particles of a fluidizable substance are coated with a complete and continuous coating by a process wherein a non-aqueous solution of a coating substance is sprayed from a nozzle downwardly on a fluidized bed of the particles to be coated, the nozzle height being adjusted so that the liquid droplets of coating material would just cover the cross-sectional area of the upper surface of the bed, if sprayed on the unexpanded bed. When the aforementioned coating is a fatty acid having 12-20 carbon atoms applied to particles of a chlorine-releasing agent, and when a second coating is applied by treatment with a solution of a fixed alkali hydroxide, i.e., sodium, potassium, or calcium hydroxide, an effective, completely encapsulated, non-pinholing bleach product is obtained.

Inventors

  • 👤 David S Alterman
  • 👤 Kil Whan Chun

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-03 23:00
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/395; C11D3/3955; B; B01; B01J; B01J2/00; B01J2/006; C01; C01B; C01B15/00; C01B15/005; C11D17/00; C11D17/0039; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim 294 words
PROCESS FOR COATING PARTICLES OF AN OXIDIZING MATERIAL HAVING AT LEAST ONE REACTIVE CHLORINE ATOM IN ITS MOLECULAR STRUCTURE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: I. PLACING SAID PARTICLES IN SUCH A CONFIGURATION AS TO DEFINE A LAYER THEREOF HAVING A THICKNESS BETWEEN ABOUT 1/2 INCH AND ABOUT 6 INCHES, ON A PERFORATED SUPPORT. II. ADJUSTING THE HEIGHT OF A DOWNWARDLY DISPOSED SPRAYING MEANS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A SPRAY OF LIQUID DROPLET IN A DOWNWARDLY DIVERGING PATTERN, TO A LEVEL SUCH THAT THE OUTERMOST DROPLETS OF SAID SPRAY CONTACT SAID LAYER OF PARTICLES AT THE PERIMETER THEREOF AS DEFINED BY SAID LAYER IN STATIC STATE, III. CAUSING A GAS FLOW UPWARD THROUGH SAID PERFORATED SUPPORT, THEREBY EXPANDING THE THICKNESS OF SAID LAYER AND MAINTAINING SAID PARTICLES IN SAID BED ARE COMPLETELY FORM A FLUIDIZED BED, IV. SPRAYING A SOLUTION OF A SOLIDIFIABLE FATY ACID ON SAID FLUIDIZED BED UNTIL ALL PARTICLES IN SAID BED ARE COMPLETELY COATED WITH SAID FATTY ACID, AND V. TREATING SAID FATTY-ACID COATED PARTICLES WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A FIXED ALKALI HYDROXIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, AND CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, SAID TREATMENT COMPRISING A. AGIATING FATTY ACID-COATED PARTICLES IN SAID AQUEOUS HYDROXIDE SOLUTION FOR ABOUT 120 MINUTES AT TEMPRERATURE OF ABOUT 85*F TO ABOUT 130*F, AND NOT HIGHER THAN ABOUT 5*F BELOW THE MELTING POINT OF SAID FATTY ACID, THEREBY REACTING SAID HYDROXIDE WITH AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID FATTY ACID, THE CONCENTRATION OF SAID FIXED ALKALI IN SAID SOLUTION BEGIN ABOUT 3 TO ABOUT 10 PERCENT WHEN SAID ALKALI IS SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ABOUT 10 TO ABOUT 15 PERCENT WHEN SAID FIXED ALKALI IS POTASSIUM HYDRXIDE, AND ABOUT 0.1 PERCENT WHEN SAID FIXED ALKALI IS CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, BY WEIGHT OF SAID SOLUTION.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 294 words
PROCESS FOR COATING PARTICLES OF AN OXIDIZING MATERIAL HAVING AT LEAST ONE REACTIVE CHLORINE ATOM IN ITS MOLECULAR STRUCTURE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: I. PLACING SAID PARTICLES IN SUCH A CONFIGURATION AS TO DEFINE A LAYER THEREOF HAVING A THICKNESS BETWEEN ABOUT 1/2 INCH AND ABOUT 6 INCHES, ON A PERFORATED SUPPORT. II. ADJUSTING THE HEIGHT OF A DOWNWARDLY DISPOSED SPRAYING MEANS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A SPRAY OF LIQUID DROPLET IN A DOWNWARDLY DIVERGING PATTERN, TO A LEVEL SUCH THAT THE OUTERMOST DROPLETS OF SAID SPRAY CONTACT SAID LAYER OF PARTICLES AT THE PERIMETER THEREOF AS DEFINED BY SAID LAYER IN STATIC STATE, III. CAUSING A GAS FLOW UPWARD THROUGH SAID PERFORATED SUPPORT, THEREBY EXPANDING THE THICKNESS OF SAID LAYER AND MAINTAINING SAID PARTICLES IN SAID BED ARE COMPLETELY FORM A FLUIDIZED BED, IV. SPRAYING A SOLUTION OF A SOLIDIFIABLE FATY ACID ON SAID FLUIDIZED BED UNTIL ALL PARTICLES IN SAID BED ARE COMPLETELY COATED WITH SAID FATTY ACID, AND V. TREATING SAID FATTY-ACID COATED PARTICLES WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A FIXED ALKALI HYDROXIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, AND CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, SAID TREATMENT COMPRISING A. AGIATING FATTY ACID-COATED PARTICLES IN SAID AQUEOUS HYDROXIDE SOLUTION FOR ABOUT 120 MINUTES AT TEMPRERATURE OF ABOUT 85*F TO ABOUT 130*F, AND NOT HIGHER THAN ABOUT 5*F BELOW THE MELTING POINT OF SAID FATTY ACID, THEREBY REACTING SAID HYDROXIDE WITH AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID FATTY ACID, THE CONCENTRATION OF SAID FIXED ALKALI IN SAID SOLUTION BEGIN ABOUT 3 TO ABOUT 10 PERCENT WHEN SAID ALKALI IS SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ABOUT 10 TO ABOUT 15 PERCENT WHEN SAID FIXED ALKALI IS POTASSIUM HYDRXIDE, AND ABOUT 0.1 PERCENT WHEN SAID FIXED ALKALI IS CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, BY WEIGHT OF SAID SOLUTION.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 52 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said fatty acid is a member selected from the group consisting of palmitic and stearic acids and mixtures thereof, and said aqueous solution of fixed alkali hydroxide in a solution of about 3 to about 10 percent sodium hydroxide by weight of said solution.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 40 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said fatty acid is substantially lauric acid and said aqueous solution of fixed alkali hydroxide is a solution of about 10 to about 15 percent sodium hydroxide by weight of said solution.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 23 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of said sodium hydroxide is about 3 percent NaOH by weight, solution basis.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 23 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of said sodium hydroxide solution is about 6% NaOH by weight, solution basis.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 23 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of said sodium hydroxide solution is about 10% NaOH by weight, solution basis.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 21 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of said potassium hydroxide is about 10 to about 13 percent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 25 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said oxidizing material having at least one reactive chlorine atom in its molecular structure is potassium dichloroisocyanurate.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3157649A Cited
US2579944A Cited
US3112274A Cited
US3382093A Cited
US3671296A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1978-09-22 1979-03-24 1979-09-23 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1982-09-22 1983-03-24 1983-09-23 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1986-09-22 1987-03-24 1987-09-23 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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