US3898170A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrographic carrier vehicle and developer composition
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1973-08-20
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Granted: 1975-08-05
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Expires: 1993-08-20
Abstract
Abstract An electrographic carrier vehicle and developer composition containing said carrier vehicle are described. The carrier vehicle is composed of magnetically attractable core particles having thereon a metal ion-linked Alpha -olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer coating containing finely-divided conductive particles dispersed therein.
Inventors
- 👤 George P Kasper
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 09:35
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/10; G03G9/113; G03G9/1132; G03G9/1133; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
IN AN ELECTROGRAPHIC DEVELOPING COMPOSITION FOR USE IN DEVELOPING ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE PATTERNS AND COMPRISING A PHYSICAL MIXTURE OF MAGNETICALLY ATTRACTABLE CARRIER PARTICLES AND ELECTROSCOPIC TONER PARTICLESS, THE IMPROVEMENT WHEREIN SAID CARRIER PARTICLES COMPRISE CORES OF MAGNETICAALLY-ATTRACTABLE MATERIAL HAVING THEREON A RESINOUS COATING COMPRISING A. A POLYMER COMPRISING A METAL ION-LINKED CARBOXYLIC ACID A-OLEFIN COPOLYMER, AND A-OLEFIN HAVING THE FORMULA RCH=CH2 WHERE R IS A RADICAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN AND ALKYL RADICALS HAVING FROM 1-8 CARBON ATOMS, SAID CARBOXYLIC ACID IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A,B-ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 3 TO ABOUT 8 CARBON ATOMS SAID COPOLYMERS HAVING FROM 10 TO ABOUT 90 PERCENT OF THE CARBOXYLIC ACID GROUPS IONIZED WITH METAL IONS AND B. FINELY-DIVIDED ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PARTICLES HAVING A SPECIFIC RESISTANCE LESS THAN 10 OHM-CM INCORPORATED IN SAID COATING.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
138 words
IN AN ELECTROGRAPHIC DEVELOPING COMPOSITION FOR USE IN DEVELOPING ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE PATTERNS AND COMPRISING A PHYSICAL MIXTURE OF MAGNETICALLY ATTRACTABLE CARRIER PARTICLES AND ELECTROSCOPIC TONER PARTICLESS, THE IMPROVEMENT WHEREIN SAID CARRIER PARTICLES COMPRISE CORES OF MAGNETICAALLY-ATTRACTABLE MATERIAL HAVING THEREON A RESINOUS COATING COMPRISING A. A POLYMER COMPRISING A METAL ION-LINKED CARBOXYLIC ACID A-OLEFIN COPOLYMER, AND A-OLEFIN HAVING THE FORMULA RCH=CH2 WHERE R IS A RADICAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN AND ALKYL RADICALS HAVING FROM 1-8 CARBON ATOMS, SAID CARBOXYLIC ACID IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A,B-ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 3 TO ABOUT 8 CARBON ATOMS SAID COPOLYMERS HAVING FROM 10 TO ABOUT 90 PERCENT OF THE CARBOXYLIC ACID GROUPS IONIZED WITH METAL IONS AND B. FINELY-DIVIDED ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PARTICLES HAVING A SPECIFIC RESISTANCE LESS THAN 10 OHM-CM INCORPORATED IN SAID COATING.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said Alpha -olefin is ethylene and wherein said metal ions are alkali metal ions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said copolymer has a free acid content of less than about 2 milliequivalents of 1N NaOH per gram of the ion-linked copolymer based on the dry weight of said copolymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The invention as described in claim 1 wherein the magnetically-attractable core contains a material selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt and alloys and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as described in claim 1 wherein the average size of the carrier core particle is from about 30 to about 1,200 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
149 words
An electrographic developer composition comprising a mixture of from about 1 to about 10 weight percent of electroscopic toner particles and from about 90 to about 99 weight percent of carrier particles wherein said carrier particles comprise cores of ferromagnetic material having thereon a coating comprising a. a polymer comprising a metal ion-linked carboxylic acid Alpha -olefin copolymer, said Alpha -olefin having the formula RCH CH2 where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals having from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, said carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to about 8 carbon atoms, said copolymers having from 10 to about 90 percent of the carboxylic acid groups ionized with metal ions and b. finely-divided conductive particles having a specific resistance less than 10 ohm-cm incorporated in said coating.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
149 words
An electrographic developer composition comprising a mixture of from about 1 to about 10 weight percent of electroscopic toner particles and from about 90 to about 99 weight percent of carrier particles wherein said carrier particles comprise cores of ferromagnetic material having thereon a coating comprising a. a polymer comprising a metal ion-linked carboxylic acid Alpha -olefin copolymer, said Alpha -olefin having the formula RCH CH2 where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals having from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, said carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to about 8 carbon atoms, said copolymers having from 10 to about 90 percent of the carboxylic acid groups ionized with metal ions and b. finely-divided conductive particles having a specific resistance less than 10 ohm-cm incorporated in said coating.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
The invention of claim 6 wherein the ferromagnetic material is selected from the group consisting of iron and iron alloys and wherein the average size of the carrier core particles is within the range of from about 60 to about 300 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The invention of claim 6 wherein said polymer comprises from about 0.001 to about 3 percent by weight of the total weight of the coated carrier particle.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
63 words
The invention of claim 6 wherein said polymer coating has incorporated therein from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight of electrically conductive particles per 100 parts by weight of the dry polymer coating, said conductive particles having a particle size within the range of from about 1 to about 20 microns and having a specific resistance less than about 10 ohm-cm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The invention of claim 6 wherein said electrically conductive particles are carbon particles.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-08-04 | 1979-02-03 | 1979-08-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-08-04 | 1983-02-03 | 1983-08-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-08-04 | 1987-02-03 | 1987-08-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |