Patent US3869930A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US3887388A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3887388A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Cement manufacture
Assignee: FLSmidth and Co AS
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Filing: 1973-07-02
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Granted: 1975-06-03
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Expires: 1993-07-02
Abstract
Abstract Improvements relating to cement manufacture wherein a unique method and a plant for practicing the method are disclosed for removing at least a portion of gaseous compounds containing alkalis, chlorine or sulphur from the exit gases of a rotary kiln in which cement raw meal is burnt to cement clinker with a view to subsequent cement manufacture. The method comprises the steps of dividing the hot exit gases from the rotary kiln into a main gas flow and a separate divisional flow and directing the main flow through a suspension preheater for preheating cement raw meal prior to feeding the raw meal into the kiln. A plurality of individual relatively cool solid condensation bodies are directed to pass through the divisional flow under the influence of gravity to permit the alkalis, chlorine or sulphur to condense on the surface of the bodies and the condensed compounds are removed from the bodies for redirecting them into the separate divisional flow. Prior to redirecting the bodies into the divisional flow they may be advantageously cooled to thereby permit lowering of the temperature of the gas flow. A plant is disclosed for practicing the method.
Inventors
- 👤 Soren Bent Christiansen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 09:22
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B7/00; C04B7/36; C04B7/60; B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/46; B01D53/68; F; F27; F27B; F27B7/00; F27B7/20; F27B7/2016; F27B7/2025
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
220 words
A METHOD OF REMOVING AT LEAST A PORTION OF GASEOUS COMPOUNDS CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF ALKALI, CHLORINE AND SULPHUR FROM THE EXIT GASES OF A ROTARY KILN IN WHICH CEMENT RAW MEAL IS BURNT TO CEMENT CLINKER WITH A VIEW TO SUBSEQUENT CEMENT MANUFACTURE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF DIVIDING THE HOT EXIT GASES FROM THE ROTARY KILN INTO A MAIN GAS FLOW AND A SEPARATE DIVISIONAL FLOW; DIRECTING THE MAIN GAS FLOW THROUGH A SUSPENSION PREHEATER FOR PREHEATING CEMENT RAW MEAL PRIOR TO FEEDING THE RAW MEAL INTO THE KILN; DIRECTING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL RELATIVELY COOL GENERALLY SPHERICAL SOLID CONDENSATION BODIES OF AT LEAST ONE OF IRON AND CERAMIC MATERIAL TO PASS THROUGH SAID DIVISIONAL FLOW SUBSTANTIALLY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF GRAVITY IN A MANNER WHICH PERMITS DIRECT CONTACT BETWEEN SAID HOT EXIT GAS OF SAID DIVISIONAL FLOW AND SAID BODIES SUCH THAT GASEOUS COMPOUNDS CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF ALKALI, CHLORINE AND SULPHUR ARE CONDENSED TO FORM A COATING ON AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE SURFACE OF SAID BODIES; REMOVING SAID CONDENSATION BODIES FROM SAID DIVISIONAL GAS FLOW; REMOVING AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID CONDENSED GASEOUS COMPOUNDS FROM SAID CONDENSATION BODIES; AND REDIRECTING SAID BODIES INTO SAID DIVISIONAL GAS FLOW FOR THE CONTINUOUS REMOVAL OF THE GASEOUS COMPOUNDS FROM THE EXIT GASES OF SAID KILN.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
220 words
A METHOD OF REMOVING AT LEAST A PORTION OF GASEOUS COMPOUNDS CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF ALKALI, CHLORINE AND SULPHUR FROM THE EXIT GASES OF A ROTARY KILN IN WHICH CEMENT RAW MEAL IS BURNT TO CEMENT CLINKER WITH A VIEW TO SUBSEQUENT CEMENT MANUFACTURE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF DIVIDING THE HOT EXIT GASES FROM THE ROTARY KILN INTO A MAIN GAS FLOW AND A SEPARATE DIVISIONAL FLOW; DIRECTING THE MAIN GAS FLOW THROUGH A SUSPENSION PREHEATER FOR PREHEATING CEMENT RAW MEAL PRIOR TO FEEDING THE RAW MEAL INTO THE KILN; DIRECTING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL RELATIVELY COOL GENERALLY SPHERICAL SOLID CONDENSATION BODIES OF AT LEAST ONE OF IRON AND CERAMIC MATERIAL TO PASS THROUGH SAID DIVISIONAL FLOW SUBSTANTIALLY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF GRAVITY IN A MANNER WHICH PERMITS DIRECT CONTACT BETWEEN SAID HOT EXIT GAS OF SAID DIVISIONAL FLOW AND SAID BODIES SUCH THAT GASEOUS COMPOUNDS CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF ALKALI, CHLORINE AND SULPHUR ARE CONDENSED TO FORM A COATING ON AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE SURFACE OF SAID BODIES; REMOVING SAID CONDENSATION BODIES FROM SAID DIVISIONAL GAS FLOW; REMOVING AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID CONDENSED GASEOUS COMPOUNDS FROM SAID CONDENSATION BODIES; AND REDIRECTING SAID BODIES INTO SAID DIVISIONAL GAS FLOW FOR THE CONTINUOUS REMOVAL OF THE GASEOUS COMPOUNDS FROM THE EXIT GASES OF SAID KILN.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
220 words
A method of removing at least a portion of gaseous compounds containing at least one of alkali, chlorine and sulphur from the exit gases of a rotary kiln in which cement raw meal is burnt to cement clinker with a view to subsequent cement manufacture comprising the steps of dividing the hot exit gases from the rotary kiln into a main gas flow and a separate divisional flow; directing the main gas flow through a suspension preheater for preheating cement raw meal prior to feeding the raw meal into the kiln; directing a plurality of individual relatively cool generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material to pass through said divisional flow substantially under the influence of gravity in a manner which permits direct contact between said hot exit gas of said divisional flow and said bodies such that gaseous compounds containing at least one of alkali, chlorine and sulphur are condensed to form a coating on at least a portion of the surface of said bodies; removing said condensation bodies from said divisional gas flow; removing at least a portion of said condensed gaseous compounds from said condensation bodies; and redirecting said bodies into said divisional gas flow for the continuous removal of the gaseous compounds from the exit gases of said kiln.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
220 words
A method of removing at least a portion of gaseous compounds containing at least one of alkali, chlorine and sulphur from the exit gases of a rotary kiln in which cement raw meal is burnt to cement clinker with a view to subsequent cement manufacture comprising the steps of dividing the hot exit gases from the rotary kiln into a main gas flow and a separate divisional flow; directing the main gas flow through a suspension preheater for preheating cement raw meal prior to feeding the raw meal into the kiln; directing a plurality of individual relatively cool generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material to pass through said divisional flow substantially under the influence of gravity in a manner which permits direct contact between said hot exit gas of said divisional flow and said bodies such that gaseous compounds containing at least one of alkali, chlorine and sulphur are condensed to form a coating on at least a portion of the surface of said bodies; removing said condensation bodies from said divisional gas flow; removing at least a portion of said condensed gaseous compounds from said condensation bodies; and redirecting said bodies into said divisional gas flow for the continuous removal of the gaseous compounds from the exit gases of said kiln.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 1 further comprising directing a plurality of individual relatively cool, generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material haVing a diameter range of approximately 2 mm to 10 mm to pass through said divisional flow.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said divisional gas flow is directed in a substantially upward direction and said condensation bodies are permitted to fall substantially countercurrently to said divisional flow while contact is made between said bodies and said divisional gas flow.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 3 further comprising directing a plurality of individual relatively cool, generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material having a diameter range of approximately 2 mm to 10 mm to pass through said divisional flow.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said divisional gas flow is directed to flow in a substantially horizontal direction such that said divisional flow is substantially cross-currently to said falling condensation bodies.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 5 further comprising directing a plurality of individual relatively cool, generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material having a diameter range of approximately 2 mm to 10 mm to pass through said divisional flow.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of removing said coating by subjecting said bodies to at least one of impacts, shocks, vibratory motion and frictional forces so as to remove said condensed coatings of gaseous compounds while simultaneously cooling said condensation bodies and re-introducing said cleaned condensation bodies through said divisional gas flow.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 7 further comprising directing a plurality of individual relatively cool, generally spherical solid condensation bodies of at least one of iron and ceramic material having a diameter range of approximately 2 mm to 10 mm to pass through said divisional flow.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method according to claim 7 further comprising the step of subjecting said condensation bodies to additional cooling after removing the coatings of condensed gaseous compounds and prior to re-introducing them into the divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method according to claim 9 further comprising the step of spraying said condensation bodies with a cooling liquid for predetermined time periods; and permitting said liquid to evaporate such that the temperature of said condensation bodies is reduced to a predetermined level prior to re-introducing said bodies into said divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method according to claim 9 further comprising the step of cooling said condensation bodies by exposing at least a portion thereof to atmospheric air after they have been removed from said divisional flow of exit gases.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method according to claim 11 further comprising the step of utilizing said cleaned divisional flow of exit gas in the cement manufacturing process after the removal of the gaseous compounds therefrom.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
86 words
The method according to claim 12 further comprising the steps of: reuniting at least a portion of said divisional flow of exit gas with said main flow of exit gas after removing said gaseous compounds at a point at which the temperature of the divisional flow is substantially identical to the temperature of said main flow so as to efficiently utilize the heat contained in said gases; and removing at least a portion of suspended dust from said gases prior to discharging them into the atmosphere.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 12 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by adding at least a portion of the cleaned divisional gas flow to the primary and/or secondary air supplied to support combustion in the kiln.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 12 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by directing at least a portion of the cleaned divisional flow to a grinding mill for preheating cement raw materials dUring grinding thereof and prior to feeding said materials to a suspension preheater as raw meal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method according to claim 12 further comprising the step of directing at least a portion of the cleaned divisional flow of exit gas through a dust precipitator for removal of dust therefrom prior to discharging it into the atmosphere.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 3 further comprising the steps of removing said coating by subjecting said bodies to at least one of impacts, shocks, vibratory motion and frictional forces so as to remove said condensed coatings of gaseous compounds while simultaneously cooling said condensation bodies and re-introducing said cleaned condensation bodies through said divisional gas flow.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method according to claim 17 further comprising the step of subjecting said condensation bodies to additional cooling after removing the coatings of condensed gaseous compounds and prior to re-introducing them into the divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of spraying said condensation bodies with a cooling liquid for predetermined time periods; and permitting said liquid to evaporate such that the temperature of said condensation bodies is reduced to a predetermined level prior to re-introducing said bodies into said divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of cooling said condensation bodies by exposing at least a portion thereof to atmospheric air after they have been removed from said divisional flow of exit gases.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method according to claim 20 further comprising the step of utilizing said cleaned divisional flow of exit gas in the cement manufacturing process after the removal of the gaseous compounds therefrom.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
86 words
The method according to claim 21 further comprising the steps of: reuniting at least a portion of said divisional flow of exit gas with said main flow of exit gas after removing said gaseous compounds at a point at which the temperature of the divisional flow is substantially identical to the temperature of said main flow so as to efficiently utilize the heat contained in said gases; and removing at least a portion of suspended dust from said gases prior to discharging them into the atmosphere.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 21 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by adding at least a portion of the cleaned divisional gas flow to the primary and/or secondary air supplied to support combustion in the kiln.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 21 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by directing at least a portion of the cleaned divisional flow to a grinding mill for preheating cement raw materials during grinding thereof and prior to feeding said materials to a suspension preheater as raw meal.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method according to claim 21 further comprising the setp of directing at least a portion of the cleaned divisional flow of exit gas through a dust precipitator for removal of dust therefrom prior to discharging it into the atmosphere.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 5 further comprising the steps of removing said coating by subjecting said bodies to at least one of impacts, shocks, vibratory motion and frictional forces so as to remove said condensed coatings of gaseous compounds while simultaneously cooling said condensation bodies and re-introducing said cleaned condensation bodies through said divisional gas flow.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method according to claim 26 further comprising the step of subjecting said condensation bodies to additional cooling after removing the coatings of condensed gaseous compounds and prior to re-introducing them into the divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method according to claim 27 further comprising the step of spraying said condensation bodies with a cooling liquid for predetermined time periods; and permitting said liquid to evaporaTe such that the temperature of said condensation bodies is reduced to a predetermined level prior to re-introducing said bodies into said divisional flow of exit gas.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method according to claim 27 further comprising the step of cooling said condensation bodies by exposing at least a portion thereof to atmospheric air after they have been removed from said divisional flow of exit gases.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method according to claim 29 further comprising the step of utilizing said cleaned divisional flow of exit gas in the cement manufacturing process after the removal of the gaseous compounds therefrom.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
86 words
The method according to claim 30 further comprising the steps of: reuniting at least a portion of said divisional flow of exit gas with said main flow of exit gas after removing said gaseous compounds at a point at which the temperature of the divisional flow is substantially identical to the temperature of said main flow so as to efficiently utilize the heat contained in said gases; and removing at least a portion of suspended dust from said gases prior to discharging them into the atmosphere.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to claim 30 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by adding at least a portion of the cleaned divisional gas flow to the primary and/or secondary air supplied to support combustion in the kiln.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method according to claim 30 further comprising the step of utilizing the heat contained in said cleaned divisional gas flow by directing at least a portion of the cleaned divisional flow to a grinding mill for preheating cement raw materials during grinding thereof and prior to feeding said materials to a suspension preheater as raw meal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-06-02 | 1978-12-02 | 1979-06-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-12-02 | 1983-06-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-12-02 | 1987-06-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |