Photographic materials having reduced static chargeability and method for their production

Claim 3

The method of claim 1, characterized in that said fluorinated surfactant is a surfactant having a substantially fluorinated cation.

Claim 4

The method for reducing the chargeability of photographic layers of claim 1, said photographic layers containing a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant, characterized in that at least one fluorinated cationic surfactant comprising a substantially fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked, by means of a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or a sulphonylamino group, with a chemical residue comprising an ammonium group, and at least a non-fluorinated betaine surfactant comprising a non-fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked with a betaine residue by means of a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino group, are introduced into said layers by mixing the hydrophilic colloidal binder and surfactants prior to formation of the photographic layer containing the surfactants.

Claim 5

Method for reducing the chargeability of a photographic material comprising: a. a base; b. at least one layer of a silver halide emulsion dispersed in a hydrophylic colloidal binder; which consists of introducing at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant into the said at least one emulsion layer by mixing the surfactants and binder prior to formation of the layer containing the surfactants.

Claim 6

Method for reducing the chargeability of a photographic material comprising: a. a base; b. at least one layer of a silver halide emulsion dispersed in a hydrophylic colloidal binder; which consists of introducing at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant into the said at least one emulsion layer by mixing the surfactants and binder prior to formation of the layer containing the surfactants.

Claim 7

A photographic layer, on a support, essentially consisting of a hydrophilic colloidal binder comprising gelatin characterized in that it contains at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated cation or anion and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant.

Claim 8

A photographic layer, on a support, essentially consisting of a hydrophilic colloidal binder comprising gelatin characterized in that it contains at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated cation or anion and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant.

Claim 9

A photographic layer on a support, the layer essentially consisting of a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, characterized in that it contains at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation, at least one selected from the group of non-fluorinated betaine and N-oxide surfactants, and at least one non-fluorinated anionic surfactant.

Claim 10

A photographic layer on a support, the layer essentially consisting of a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, characterized in that it contains at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation, at least one selected from the group of non-fluorinated betaine and N-oxide surfactants, and at least one non-fluorinated anionic surfactant.

Claim 11

The photographic layer of claim 5 wherein said fluorinated surfactant is fluorinated cationic surfactant.

Claim 12

The photographic layer of claim 7, characterized in that it contains a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant; at least a fluorinated cationic surfactant comprising a partially or wholly fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked, by means of a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or a sulphonYlamino group, with a chemical residue comprising an ammonium group; and at least a non fluorinated betaine residue comprising a non-fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked with a betaine residue by means of a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or sulphonylamino group.

Claim 13

The photographic layer of claim 5, characterized in that the fluorinated surfactant corresponds to the formula: RF - A - Y wherein: RF represents a substantially fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue; and Y represents an anionic, non-ionic, or cationic betaine or N-oxide hydrophylic group.

Claim 14

The photographic layer of claim 9, characterized in that RF is a fluorinated alkyl group having from two to eight carbon atoms, A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising at least a carbonyl, sulphonylamino, alkylene residue having from one to three carbon atoms, oxygen, carbonylamino, sulphonylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminosulphonyl, ester, polyoxyalkylene having from two to 40 oxyalkylene unities and/or R is an alkyl group having from four to 18 carbon atoms and Z is a betaine hydrophylic group comprising an ammonium group and an anionic group or a group comprising an N-oxide bond.

Claim 15

A photographic element comprising at least a base and a photographic layer according to any of claim 5.

Claim 16

In a photographic element including: a. a base; b. two layers of silver halide emulsion, dispersed in a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, each emulsion layer being coated on separate faces of said base; c. two protective layers, essentially consisting of a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, each protective layer coated on one of said emulsion layers, said protective layer containing at least a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant, the improvement, which lies in that said protective layers contain at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant.

Claim 17

In a photographic element including: a. a base; b. two layers of silver halide emulsion, dispersed in a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, each emulsion layer being coated on separate faces of said base; c. two protective layers, essentially consisting of a hydrophylic colloidal binder comprising gelatin, each protective layer coated on one of said emulsion layers, said protective layer containing at least a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant, the improvement, which lies in that said protective layers contain at least one surfactant having a substantially fluorinated anion or cation and at least a non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant.

Claim 18

The photographic element of claim 12, characterized in that said fluorinated surfactant is a fluorinated cationic surfactant.

Claim 19

The photographic element of claim 13, characterized in that it contains said fluorinated cationic surfactant comprising a partially or wholly fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked, by means of a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or sulphonylamino group, with a chemical residue comprising an ammonium group; and at least a non-fluorinated betaine surfactant comprising a non-fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked with a betaine residue by means of a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or a sulphonylamino group.

Claim 20

The improved photographic element according to claims 12, characterized in that the fluorinated surfactant corresponds to the formula: RF - A - Y wherein: RF represents a partially or wholly fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A represents a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue; and Y represents a hydrophylic anionic, non-ionic, cationic, betaine or N-oxide group; and/or the non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant corresponds to the formula: R - A - Z wherein: R represents a non-fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A has the same meaning as said above; Z represents a hydrophylic betaine or N-oxide group.

Claim 21

The photographic element of claim 15, characterized in that RF is an alkyl group having from two to eight carbon atoms, A is a chemical bond or a divalent residue at least comprising a carbonyl, sulphonyl, amino, alkylene residue having from one to three carbon atoms, oxygen, carbonylamino, sulphonylamino, aminocarbonyl, ester, polyoxyalkylene having from two to 40 oxyalkylene unities and/or R is an alkyl group having from four to 18 carbon atoms and Z is a hydrophylic betaine group comprising an ammonium and an anionic group or a group comprising an N-oxide bond.

Claim 22

The method of claim 4 wherein the photographic material further comprises at least one protective layer comprising gelatin for said emulsion layer, and where said surfactants are present in at least one of said emulsion and protective layers.

Claim 23

The process of claim 4 wherein the emulsion layer further contains at least one non-fluorinated anionic surfactant.

Claim 24

The process of claim 17 wherein the at least one of said emulsion or protective layers containing the surfactants further contains at least one non-fluorinated anionic surfactant.

Claim 25

The photographic layer of claim 6 wherein said fluorinated surfactant is a fluorinated cationic surfactant.

Claim 26

The photographic layer of claim 6, characterized in that it contains a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant; at least a fluorinated cationic surfactant comprising a partially or wholly fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked, by means of a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or a sulphonylamino group, with a chemical residue comprising an ammonium group; and at least a non-fluorinated betaine residue comprising a non-fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue linked with a betaine residue by means of a divalent organic residue comprising a carbonylamino or a sulphonylamino group.

Claim 27

The photographic layer of claim 6, characterized in that the fluorinated surfactant corresponds to the formula: RF - A - Y wherein: RF represents a substantially fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue; and Y represents an anionic, non-ionic, or cationic betaine or N-oxide hydrophylic group.

Claim 28

The photographic layer of claim 9 wherein at least one of the non-fluorinated betaine and N-oxide surfactants correspond to the formula: R - A - Z wherein: R is a non-fluorinated hydrocarbon residue, A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue, and Z represents a betaine or N-oxide hydrophilic group.

Claim 29

The photographic layer of claim 6 wherein at least one of the non-fluorinated betaine and N-oxide surfactants correspond to the formula: R - A - Z wherein: R is a non-fluorinated hydrocarbon residue, A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue, and Z represents a betaine or N-oxide hydrophilic group.

Claim 30

The photographic layer of claim 22, characterized in that RF is a fluorinated alkyl group having from two to eight carbon atoms, A is a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue comprising at least a carbonyl, sulphonylamino, alkylene residue having from one to three carbon atoms, oxygen, carbonylamino, sulphonylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminosulphonyl, ester, polyoxyalkylene having from two to 40 oxyalkylene unities and/or R is an alkyl group having from four to 18 carbon atoms and Z is a betaine hydrophylic group comprising an ammonium group and/or an anionic group or a group comprising an N-oxide bond.

Claim 31

A photographic element comprising at least a base and a photographic layer according to claim 6.

Claim 32

The improved photographic element according to claim 14 characterized in that the fluorinated surfactant corresponds to the formula: wherein: RF represents a partially or wholly fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A represents a chemical bond or a divalent organic residue; and Y represents a hydrophylic anionic, non-ionic, or cationic betaine or N-oxide group; and/or the non-fluorinated betaine and/or N-oxide surfactant corresponds to the formula: R - A - Z wherein: R represents a non-fluorinated hydrocarbon residue; A has the same meaning as said above; Z represents a hyDrophylic betaine or N-oxide group.

Claim 33

The photographic element of claim 27, characterized in that RF is an alkyl group having from two to eight carbon atoms, A is a chemical bond or a divalent residue at least comprising a carbonyl, sulphonyl, amino, alkylene residue having from one to three carbon atoms, oxygen, carbonylamino, sulphonylamino, aminocarbonyl, ester, polyoxyalkylene having from two to 40 oxyalkylene unities and/or R is an alkyl group having from four to 18 carbon atoms and Z is a hydrophylic betaine group comprising an ammonium and an anionic group or a group comprising an N-oxide bond.