US3884108A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Production of ensemble in a computor organ
Assignee: Nippon Gakki Co Ltd
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Filing: 1974-01-11
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Granted: 1975-05-20
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Expires: 1994-01-11
Abstract
Abstract A pipe organ ensemble effect results when two similar pipes, slightly out-of-tune with respect to each other, are sounded together upon selection of a single instrument key. Herein, apparatus is disclosed for producing an ensemble effect in a computor organ of the type wherein musical notes are generated by computing the amplitudes at successive sample points of a musical waveshape and converting the amplitudes to sounds as the computations are carried out in real time. Each amplitude is computed during a regular time interval tx by separately calculating a set of ''''combined'''' Fourier components which are accumulated to obtain the sample point amplitude. Each nsumming order combined Fourier component is evaluated by summming a pair of sinusoid values associated respectively with the nominal tone and the frequency offset, ''''out-of-tune'''' tone. The sum is multiplied by a harmonic coefficient to establish the relative amplitude of that combined Fourier component.
Inventors
- 👤 Ralph Deutsch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 04:31
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10H; G10H1/00; G10H1/02; G10H1/06; G10H1/08; G10H1/10; G10H7/00; G10H7/08; G10H7/10; G10H7/105; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S84/00; Y10S84/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
238 words
In an electronic musical instrument wherein the amplitudes of a waveshape are computed at regular time intervals tx from stored harmonic coefficients, musical notes being produced from said computed amplitudes as said computations are carried out in real time, the improvement for producing an ensemble effect comprising: first means for evaluating a set of ''''combined'''' Fourier components during subintervals within each time interval tx, each combined Fourier component being the sum of a first constituent Fourier component at the nominal true-pitch of the selected note and a second constituent Fourier component offset in frequency from the corresponding true-pitch first constituent Fourier component, the first and second constituent Fourier components of corresponding order having an equal amplitude established by said stored harmonic components, an accumulator, connected to receive said combined Fourier components from said first means, for accumulating all the the combined Fourier components evaluated during each interval tx to obtain a waveshape amplitude for a certain sample point, sample point means operative at the end of each interval tx for incrementing the effective sample point (qR) for which said resultant waveshape amplitude is established and for supplying the effective sample point (qR) value to said first means, and means, connected to receive said waveshape amplitudes from said accumulator, for converting said resultant waveshape amplitudes to sounds, said converting being carried out, in real time as said waveshape ampLitudes are computed, the sounds so produced exhibiting an ensemble effect.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
238 words
In an electronic musical instrument wherein the amplitudes of a waveshape are computed at regular time intervals tx from stored harmonic coefficients, musical notes being produced from said computed amplitudes as said computations are carried out in real time, the improvement for producing an ensemble effect comprising: first means for evaluating a set of ''''combined'''' Fourier components during subintervals within each time interval tx, each combined Fourier component being the sum of a first constituent Fourier component at the nominal true-pitch of the selected note and a second constituent Fourier component offset in frequency from the corresponding true-pitch first constituent Fourier component, the first and second constituent Fourier components of corresponding order having an equal amplitude established by said stored harmonic components, an accumulator, connected to receive said combined Fourier components from said first means, for accumulating all the the combined Fourier components evaluated during each interval tx to obtain a waveshape amplitude for a certain sample point, sample point means operative at the end of each interval tx for incrementing the effective sample point (qR) for which said resultant waveshape amplitude is established and for supplying the effective sample point (qR) value to said first means, and means, connected to receive said waveshape amplitudes from said accumulator, for converting said resultant waveshape amplitudes to sounds, said converting being carried out, in real time as said waveshape ampLitudes are computed, the sounds so produced exhibiting an ensemble effect.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
192 words
A musical instrument according to claim 1 wherein said sample point means establishes a sample point value qR, where q is an integer incremented each interval tx and R is a constant frequency number establishing the nominal fundamental frequency of the produced note, and wherein said first means comprises; trigonometric function circuitry, utilizing the sample point value qR, for evaluating a pair of like trigonometric functions the arguments of which correspond respectively to the sample point nqR of the true pitch first constituent Fourier component and to the sample point (nqR+(nqR/ kappa )) of the second constituent Fourier component, where n designates the order of each combined Fourier component, and kappa is a constant establishing the extent of frequency offset of said second constituent Fourier component, an adder, receiving the evaluated trigonometric function from said circuitry, for summing said pair of trigonometric functions for each order n, and a multiplier connected to said adder and receiving said stored harmonic components, for multiplying each trigonometric function sum from said adder by the harmonic coefficient for the corresponding order n, the product being the combined Fourier component value which is supplied to said accumulator.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
As an electronic musical instrument exhibiting an ensemble effect: first means for computing at regular time intervals tx the amplitudes Xo (qR) of a waveshape, where q is an integer incremented each time interval tx, in accordance with the relationship
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
As an electronic musical instrument exhibiting an ensemble effect: first means for computing at regular time intervals tx the amplitudes Xo (qR) of a waveshape, where q is an integer incremented each time interval tx, in accordance with the relationship
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A musical instrument according to claim 3 having first and second like sinusoid tables, said first and second evaluation circuitry respectively utilizing said first and second sinusoid tables.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
90 words
A musical instrument according to claim 3 wherein said first means further comprises; a note interval accumulating adder of modulo 2W, and first gate circuitry connected to said frequency number memory and to said note interval adder for supplying to said note interval adder at each interval tx the value R accessed from said frequency number memory, so that the contents of said note interval adder represents the quantity (qR), and wherein said first and second evaluation circuitry are connected to receive said quantity (qR) from said note interval adder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
100 words
A musical instrument according to claim 5 wherein said first evaluation circuitry comprises; a first harmonic interval accumulating adder cleared at the end of each interval tx, second gate circuitry for supplying to said first harmonic interval adder the quantity (qR) from said note interval adder during successive subintervals of each interval tx, so that the contents of said first harmonic interval adder successively represent the quantity (nqR) for different values of n, and first circuitry utilizing one of said sinusoid tables to obtain the values sin( pi /W)nqR for each argument (nqR) supplied from said first harmonic interval adder.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
86 words
A musical instrument according to claim 6 wherein said second evaluation circuitry comprises; a divider connected to receive the contents (nqR) of said first harmonic interval adder and to divide said value (naR) by said constant kappa , a second adder for summing the outputs of said divider and said first harmonic interval adder to obtain the arguments (nqR+(nqR/ kappa )), and second circuitry utilizing one of said sinusoid tables to obtain the values sin( pi /W)(nqR+(nqR/ kappa )) for each argument supplied from said adder.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
110 words
A musical instrument according to claim 7 for providing trio ensemble, further comprising; a second divider connected to receive the contents (nqR) of said first harmonic interval adder and to divide said value (nqR) by a constant kappa '' different from kappa , another adder for summing the outputs of said second divider and said first harmonic interval adder to obtain the argument (nqR+(nqR/ kappa '')), and third circuitry utilizing one of said sinusoid tables to obtain the values sin( pi /W)(nqR+(nqR/ kappa '')) for each argument supplied from said other adder, and wherein said first adder sums the three sin values provided by first, second and third utilizing circuitry.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
51 words
A musical instrument according to claim 7 wherein said value kappa 2m where m is an integer, and wherein said divider comprises a binary shaft register which accepts said value (night ) in binary and to rihtt shift said value by m binary positions to perform said division by kappa .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
143 words
A musical instrument according to claim 6 wherein said second evaluation circuitry comprises; a divider connected to receive the contents (qR) of said note interval adder and to divide said value (qR) by said constant kappa , an adder for summing the outputs of said divider and said note interval adder to obtain the value (qR+qR/ kappa ), a second harmonic interval adder cleared at the end of each interval tx, second gating circuitry for provIding said obtained value (qR+(qR/ kappa )) to said second harmonic interval adder during successive subintervals of said interval tx so that the contents of said second harmonic interval adder successively represent the arguments n(qR+(qR/ kappa )) for different values of n, and second circuitry utilizing a sinusoid table to obtain the values sin( pi /W)n(qR+(qR/ kappa )) for each argument supplied from said second harmonic interval adder.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
A musical instrument according to claim 3 further comprising means for providing a selectable value of kappa to said second sinusoid evaluation circuitry.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
57 words
A musical instrument according to claim 11 wherein said means for providing comprises a frequency offset memory storing different values of kappa associated with different notes, said note selection circuitry also causing the value of kappa associated with each selected note to be accessed from said frequency offset memory and supplied to said second sinusoid evaluation circuitry.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-11-18 | 1979-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-19 | 1982-11-18 | 1983-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-19 | 1986-11-18 | 1987-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |