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US3883827A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Tandem arrays of in-phase couplers
Assignee: AT&T Inc
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Filing: 1974-05-02
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Granted: 1975-05-13
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Expires: 1994-05-02
Abstract
Abstract In theory, one can design an in-phase hybrid coupler having any arbitrary signal division ratio k/t as a function of frequency. The resulting network, as disclosed in the prior art, comprises a pair of frequency insensitive 3db hybrid couplers interconnected by means of two identical, reverse-connected antimetric networks. The problem, however, is that parasitics often make it difficult, if not impossible, to realize the required antimetric networks at the higher operating frequencies. This application discloses that any in-phase hybrid coupler can be synthesized as a tandem array of a plurality of in-phase hybrid couplers where each frequencysensitive coupler circuit in the array contains a preselected simplified antimetric network that is more readily realizable over the frequency band of interest. In particular, the simplified network can be designed to incorporate component parasitics into the network itself, thus further extending the useful operating range.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold Seidel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 18:50
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03H; H03H7/00; H03H7/46; H03H7/48
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
65 words
An in-phase hybrid coupler circuit having a prescribed overall signal division ratio which varies as a function of frequency over a given frequency band of interest comprising: a tandem array of in-phase hybrid couplers at least one of which has a signal division ratio that varies as a function of frequency over said band of interest and is different from said prescribed signal division ratio.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
65 words
An in-phase hybrid coupler circuit having a prescribed overall signal division ratio which varies as a function of frequency over a given frequency band of interest comprising: a tandem array of in-phase hybrid couplers at least one of which has a signal division ratio that varies as a function of frequency over said band of interest and is different from said prescribed signal division ratio.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The circuit according to claim 1 wherein each coupler in said array has a signal division ratio that varies as a function of frequency over said band of interest and is different than said prescribed signal division ratio.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The circuit according to claim 1 wherein said array includes one coupler whose signal division ratio is constant over said band of interest.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
152 words
The circuit according to claim 1 wherein each of said couplers having a signal division ratio which varies as a function of frequency comprises: first and second identical hybrid couplers whose signal division ratios are substantially constant over said frequency range of interest; each of said first and second couplers having two pairs of conjugate ports; first and second identical two-port antimetric networks; said first antimetric network being connected between one port of one pair of conjugate ports of said first coupler and one port of one pair of conjugate ports of said second coupler; said second antimetric network being connected between the other port of said one pair of conjugate ports of said first coupler and the other port of said one pair of conjugate ports of said second coupler; and said networks being further connected between said first and second couplers such that each is reverse-connected relative to the other.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The circuit according to claim 4 wherein said antimetric networks include a series inductor and a shunt capacitor.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The circuit according to claim 4 wherein said antimetric networks include a series capacitor and a shunt inductor.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
115 words
The circuit according to claim 1 wherein said one coupler comprises: first and second two-winding transformers, each having a primary and a secondary winding; one end of the secondary winding of each transformer being coupled to a center-tap along the primary winding of the other of said transformers by means of a series capacitor; the other end of each secondary winding being connected to a common function; a first inductor connected in parallel with the secondary winding of said first transformer; and a second inductor connected in parallel with the secondary winding of said secondary transformer; the four ends of the two primary windings and said common function contributing the four ports of said coupler.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The circuit according to claim 7 wherein said first and second inductors are discrete circuit components.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The circuit according to claim 7 wherein said first and second inductors are the equivalent core inDuctors of said transformers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
112 words
The circuit according to claim 1 wherein said one coupler comprises: first and second two-winding transformers, each having a primary winding and a secondary winding; one end of the secondary winding of each transformer being coupled to a center-tap along the primary winding of the other transformer by means of a series inductor; the other end of each secondary winding being connected to a common function; a first capacitor connected in shunt with a winding of said first transformer; and a second capacitor connected in parallel with a winding of said second transformer; the four ends of the two primary windings and said common function contributing the four ports of said coupler.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The circuit according to claim 10 wherein said inductors and said capacitors are discrete circuit components.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
The circuit according to claim 10 wherein the spurious transformer winding capacitance of said first and second transformers constitutes at least a portion of the capacitance of said first and second capacitors.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The circuit according to claim 10 wherein the leakage inductance of said first and second transformers constitutes at least a portion of the inductance of said first and second inductors.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
112 words
An in-phase hybrid coupler circuit having a prescribed overall signal division ratio which varies as a function of frequency over a given frequency band of interest comprising: an array of n individual in-phase hybrid couplers; characterized in that: said individual couplers in the array are arranged in ordered succession from a first coupler to a last coupler by connecting the ports of one pair of conjugate ports of each coupler to the respective ports of one pair of conjugate ports of the next successive coupler in the array; and in that the signal division ratio of each coupler over the frequency band of interest is different than said prescribed signal division ratio.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
112 words
An in-phase hybrid coupler circuit having a prescribed overall signal division ratio which varies as a function of frequency over a given frequency band of interest comprising: an array of n individual in-phase hybrid couplers; characterized in that: said individual couplers in the array are arranged in ordered succession from a first coupler to a last coupler by connecting the ports of one pair of conjugate ports of each coupler to the respective ports of one pair of conjugate ports of the next successive coupler in the array; and in that the signal division ratio of each coupler over the frequency band of interest is different than said prescribed signal division ratio.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
8 words
A signal divider having a signal division ratio
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
8 words
A signal divider having a signal division ratio
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-12 | 1978-11-11 | 1979-05-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-12 | 1982-11-11 | 1983-05-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-12 | 1986-11-11 | 1987-05-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |