Retrospective pulse modulation including bar coding and apparatus therefor

Claim 2

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for generating a train of impulses at substantially equal intervals therebetween, means for inputting binary information to be conveyed, means for varying the intervals between said impulses in accordance with said binary information to be conveyed, said interval varying means including, means for storing an indication of a preceding interval, and means coupled to said storing means, to said generating means and to said data inputting means for enabling an impulse in relation to a data bit in accordance with both the binary information of that data bit and the duration of the interval preceding that data bit.

Claim 3

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 1 and wherein said indication storing means compRises a binary reciproconductive circuit.

Claim 4

Apparatus for encoding a train of impulses to represent binary information, comprising, a source of said binary information, a source of regularly spaced impulses, output means, gating means coupled to said output means and to said source of regularly spaced impulses for passing at least some of said impulses to said output means, and control means coupled to said source of said binary information and to said gating means effective for selectively inhibiting passage of said spaced impulses to said output means in accordance with said binary information to determine the interval between a pair of said impulses in dependence on both the value of a digit encoded and on the duration of the interval between an associated preceding pair of impulses.

Claim 5

Apparatus for encoding a train of impulses to represent binary information, comprising, a source of said binary information, a source of regularly spaced impulses, output means, gating means coupled to said output means and to said source of regularly spaced impulses for passing at least some of said impulses to said output means, and control means coupled to said source of said binary information and to said gating means effective for selectively inhibiting passage of said spaced impulses to said output means in accordance with said binary information to determine the interval between a pair of said impulses in dependence on both the value of a digit encoded and on the duration of the interval between an associated preceding pair of impulses.

Claim 6

Apparatus as defined in claim 3 and in which said control means is arranged for spacing each impulse of said succession of impulses from the immediately preceding impulse by an interval substantially the same as or substantially different from the interval between the associated pair of impulses formed by that preceding impulse and the penultimate preceding impulse in accordance with the binary value to be represented.

Claim 7

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for inputting binary information representative of data bits, means for generating a train of impulses, means for varying the intervals between said impulses in accordance with said binary information to be conveyed, including means for storing an indication of a preceding interval, and means coupled to said storing means, to said generating means and to said data inputting means for gating an impulse in relation to a data bit in accordance with both the information of that data bit and the duration of the interval preceding that data bit.

Claim 8

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for inputting binary information representative of data bits, means for generating a train of impulses, means for varying the intervals between said impulses in accordance with said binary information to be conveyed, including means for storing an indication of a preceding interval, and means coupled to said storing means, to said generating means and to said data inputting means for gating an impulse in relation to a data bit in accordance with both the information of that data bit and the duration of the interval preceding that data bit.

Claim 9

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for inputting binary information representative of data bits, means for generating a train of impulses at substantially equal intervals therebetween, means for gating the succeeding impulses in accordance with the appearance of each impulse of given characteristic and of each impulse of opposite characteristic, and means coupled to said inputting means for gating an impulse in relation to a data bit in accordance with both the binary information of that data bit and the duration of the impulse interval preceding that data bit.

Claim 10

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for inputting binary information representative of data bits, means for generating a train of impulses at substantially equal intervals therebetween, means for gating the succeeding impulses in accordance with the appearance of each impulse of given characteristic and of each impulse of opposite characteristic, and means coupled to said inputting means for gating an impulse in relation to a data bit in accordance with both the binary information of that data bit and the duration of the impulse interval preceding that data bit.

Claim 11

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising, a pair of binary data input terminals, a retrospective pulse modulated electric wave output terminal, a modulating AND gating circuit having an output lead connected to said output terminal and a plurality of input leads, a pulse train generating circuit connected to said input lead of said AND gating circuit for applying a train of substantially equally spaced unidirectional pulses thereto, an OR gating circuit having an output terminal connected to a further one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, and a plurality of input leads, two pairs of AND gating circuits each having an output lead and a multiple of input leads with the output leads of one pair connected in common to another input lead of said OR gating circuit and the output leads of the other pair connected through an inverting circuit to a further input lead of said OR gating circuit, a bistable reciproconductive circuit having a set terminal connected to the output leads of said other pair of AND gating circuits, a reset terminal connected to the output leads of said one pair of AND gating circuits, an errect output terminal connected in common to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs, and an inverting terminal connected in common to input leads of the other of said AND gating circuits of said pairs, and electric leads connecting one of said pairs of data input terminals to input leads of one AND gAting circuit of each of said pairs of AND gating circuits and connecting the other of said pair of data input terminals to input leads of the other of said pairs of AND gating circuits.

Claim 12

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising, a pair of binary data input terminals, a retrospective pulse modulated electric wave output terminal, a modulating AND gating circuit having an output lead connected to said output terminal and a plurality of input leads, a pulse train generating circuit connected to said input lead of said AND gating circuit for applying a train of substantially equally spaced unidirectional pulses thereto, an OR gating circuit having an output terminal connected to a further one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, and a plurality of input leads, two pairs of AND gating circuits each having an output lead and a multiple of input leads with the output leads of one pair connected in common to another input lead of said OR gating circuit and the output leads of the other pair connected through an inverting circuit to a further input lead of said OR gating circuit, a bistable reciproconductive circuit having a set terminal connected to the output leads of said other pair of AND gating circuits, a reset terminal connected to the output leads of said one pair of AND gating circuits, an errect output terminal connected in common to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs, and an inverting terminal connected in common to input leads of the other of said AND gating circuits of said pairs, and electric leads connecting one of said pairs of data input terminals to input leads of one AND gAting circuit of each of said pairs of AND gating circuits and connecting the other of said pair of data input terminals to input leads of the other of said pairs of AND gating circuits.

Claim 13

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 7 and wherein said pulse train generating circuit is a square wave generator.

Claim 14

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 7 and incorporating circuitry for controlling modulation connected to said modulating AND gating circuit and to said two pairs of AND gating circuits for insuring the production of start and reference pulses at the wave output terminals.

Claim 15

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 7 and incorporating circuitry connected between said wave output terminal and said two pairs of AND gating circuits for actuating the latter in accordance with the output wave at said wave output terminals.

Claim 16

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising, a pair of binary data input terminals, a retrospective pulse modulated electric wave output terminal, an AND gating circuit having an output lead connected to said output terminal and a multiple of input leads, a modulating control voltage terminal connected to one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, a square wave generating circuit, a differentiating circuit, and a full wave rectifying circuit connected in cascade to another of said input leads of said AND gating circuit for applying a train of substantially equally spaced unidirectional pulses thereto, a monostable reciproconductive circuit having a trigger terminal connected to said modulating control voltage terminal, a stable output terminal and an unstable output terminal, an OR gating circuit having an output terminal connected to a further one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, one input lead connected to said unstable output terminal of said monostable reciproconductive circuit, and a plurality of other input leads, two pairs of AND gating circuits each having an output lead and a multiple of input leads with the output leads of one pair connected in common to another input lead of said OR gating circuit and the output leads of the other pair connected through an inverting circuit to a further input lead of said OR gating circuit, a bistable reciproconductive circuit having a set terminal connected to the output leads of said other pair of AND gating circuits, a reset terminal connected to the output leads of said one pair of AND gating circuits, an errect output terminal connected in common to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs, and an inverting output terminal connected in common to input leads of the other of said AND gating circuits, a message AND gating circuit having an output lead connected in common to input leads of all of said AND gating circuits of said pairs, an input lead connected to said stable output terminal of said monostable reciproconductive circuit, and another input lead connected through a signal shaping circuit to said wave output terminal, and electric leads connecting one of said pairs of data input terminals to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs of AND gating circuits and connecting the others of said pair of data input terminals to input leads of the other of said pairs of AND gating circuits.

Claim 17

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising, a pair of binary data input terminals, a retrospective pulse modulated electric wave output terminal, an AND gating circuit having an output lead connected to said output terminal and a multiple of input leads, a modulating control voltage terminal connected to one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, a square wave generating circuit, a differentiating circuit, and a full wave rectifying circuit connected in cascade to another of said input leads of said AND gating circuit for applying a train of substantially equally spaced unidirectional pulses thereto, a monostable reciproconductive circuit having a trigger terminal connected to said modulating control voltage terminal, a stable output terminal and an unstable output terminal, an OR gating circuit having an output terminal connected to a further one of said input leads of said AND gating circuit, one input lead connected to said unstable output terminal of said monostable reciproconductive circuit, and a plurality of other input leads, two pairs of AND gating circuits each having an output lead and a multiple of input leads with the output leads of one pair connected in common to another input lead of said OR gating circuit and the output leads of the other pair connected through an inverting circuit to a further input lead of said OR gating circuit, a bistable reciproconductive circuit having a set terminal connected to the output leads of said other pair of AND gating circuits, a reset terminal connected to the output leads of said one pair of AND gating circuits, an errect output terminal connected in common to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs, and an inverting output terminal connected in common to input leads of the other of said AND gating circuits, a message AND gating circuit having an output lead connected in common to input leads of all of said AND gating circuits of said pairs, an input lead connected to said stable output terminal of said monostable reciproconductive circuit, and another input lead connected through a signal shaping circuit to said wave output terminal, and electric leads connecting one of said pairs of data input terminals to input leads of one AND gating circuit of each of said pairs of AND gating circuits and connecting the others of said pair of data input terminals to input leads of the other of said pairs of AND gating circuits.

Claim 18

Apparatus for encoding binary data in a series of succeeding manifestations wherein the first and the second manifestations are spaced apart by a given interval and the binary data follows the given interval with the first bit manifested by a third manifestation following the given interval by a second interval equal to the given interval for encoding binary data of one nature and following the given interval by a second interval unequal to the given interval for encoding binary data of nature opposite that of said one nature, and with each bit thEreafter retrospectively based on the preceding interval and the nature of the binary data in the same manner, comprising circuitry for inputting binary data circuitry for producing a train of substantially uniformly spaced manifestations in the form of electric impulses, circuitry coupled to said electric impulse producing circuitry for gating said impulses to manifesting means, circuitry coupled to said gating circuitry and to said inputting circuitry for enabling said gating circuitry, and circuitry coupled to said enabling circuitry for pegging the retrospective gating and arming said gating circuitry accordingly for passing the succeeding impulse from said impulse producing circuitry at the proper time in accordance with said retrospective coding.

Claim 19

Apparatus for encoding binary data in a series of succeeding manifestations wherein the first and the second manifestations are spaced apart by a given interval and the binary data follows the given interval with the first bit manifested by a third manifestation following the given interval by a second interval equal to the given interval for encoding binary data of one nature and following the given interval by a second interval unequal to the given interval for encoding binary data of nature opposite that of said one nature, and with each bit thEreafter retrospectively based on the preceding interval and the nature of the binary data in the same manner, comprising circuitry for inputting binary data circuitry for producing a train of substantially uniformly spaced manifestations in the form of electric impulses, circuitry coupled to said electric impulse producing circuitry for gating said impulses to manifesting means, circuitry coupled to said gating circuitry and to said inputting circuitry for enabling said gating circuitry, and circuitry coupled to said enabling circuitry for pegging the retrospective gating and arming said gating circuitry accordingly for passing the succeeding impulse from said impulse producing circuitry at the proper time in accordance with said retrospective coding.

Claim 20

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for generating a train of impulses at substantially equal intervals therebetween, means for inputting binary information to be conveyed, means for varying the intervals between said impulses in accordance with said binary information to be conveyed, said interval varying means including, means for storing an indication of a preceding interval, and means coupled to said storing means, to said generating means and to said data inputting means for blanking an impulse from said train of impulses in relation to a data bit in accordance with the interval preceding that data bit for one bit of said binary information and for passing an impulse for the other bit of said binary information.

Claim 21

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for generating a train of impulses at substantially equal intervals therebetween, means for inputting binary information to be conveyed, means for varying the intervals between said impulses in accordance with said binary information to be conveyed, said interval varying means including, means for storing an indication of a preceding interval, and means coupled to said storing means, to said generating means and to said data inputting means for blanking an impulse from said train of impulses in relation to a data bit in accordance with the interval preceding that data bit for one bit of said binary information and for passing an impulse for the other bit of said binary information.

Claim 22

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for generating a train of impulses representing binary information, said means including a generator for producing a train of electric impulses spaced at substantially equal intervals, input terminals at which binary information to be conveyed appears, control circuitry coupled to said generator and to said input terminals for selectively spacing said impulses for determining the interval between a pair of impulses in dependence on both the value of a digit to be conveyed and the duration of the interval between an associated preceding pair of impulses.

Claim 23

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus comprising means for generating a train of impulses representing binary information, said means including a generator for producing a train of electric impulses spaced at substantially equal intervals, input terminals at which binary information to be conveyed appears, control circuitry coupled to said generator and to said input terminals for selectively spacing said impulses for determining the interval between a pair of impulses in dependence on both the value of a digit to be conveyed and the duration of the interval between an associated preceding pair of impulses.

Claim 24

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 14 and wherein said control circuitry is arranged for spacing said impulses by inhibiting an impulse in accordance with said determination.

Claim 25

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 14 and wherein said control circuitry is arranged for spacing said impulses by an interval at which every output impulse is spaced equally or unequally from the immediately preceding impulse.

Claim 26

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus as defined in claim 15 and incorporating a magnetic record medium and an electromagnetic transducer arranged in magnetic recording and reproducing proximity to said magnetic record medium and connected to said generator and said control circuitry for transducing said binary data information at said input terminals to said magnetic record medium.

Claim 27

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus for producing an article having binary coded information thereon comprising a card having a magnetic record medium thereon in the form of a magnetic stripe, digital data inputting means, electromagnetic transducer outputting means arranged in magnetic recording relationship to said magnetic stripe, generating means for producing a train of substantially equally spaced electric impulses, and enabling means coupled to said transducer outputting means and to said generating means and said inputting means for recording transitions in said magnetic stripe that are spaced apart in accordance with both the value of digit recorded and the interval between the preceding pair of transitions.

Claim 28

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus for producing an article having binary coded information thereon comprising a card having a magnetic record medium thereon in the form of a magnetic stripe, digital data inputting means, electromagnetic transducer outputting means arranged in magnetic recording relationship to said magnetic stripe, generating means for producing a train of substantially equally spaced electric impulses, and enabling means coupled to said transducer outputting means and to said generating means and said inputting means for recording transitions in said magnetic stripe that are spaced apart in accordance with both the value of digit recorded and the interval between the preceding pair of transitions.

Claim 29

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus for producing an article having binary coded information thereon comprising a card having a record portion thereon, digital Data inputting means, electric current responsive printing outputting means arranged in recording relationship to said record portion, generating means for producing a train of substantially equally spaced electric impulses, and enabling means coupled to said printing outputting means and to said generating means and said inputting means for recording transitions in said record portion that are spaced apart in accordance with both the value of digit recorded and the interval between the preceding pair of transitions.

Claim 30

Retrospective pulse modulating apparatus for producing an article having binary coded information thereon comprising a card having a record portion thereon, digital Data inputting means, electric current responsive printing outputting means arranged in recording relationship to said record portion, generating means for producing a train of substantially equally spaced electric impulses, and enabling means coupled to said printing outputting means and to said generating means and said inputting means for recording transitions in said record portion that are spaced apart in accordance with both the value of digit recorded and the interval between the preceding pair of transitions.