US3881043A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Laminated safety windshields
Assignee: PPG Industries Inc
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Filing: 1973-09-10
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Granted: 1975-04-29
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Expires: 1993-09-10
Abstract
Abstract Safety glass windshields consisting essentially of polyurethane sheets laminated between moisture impervious sheets, such as glass, tend to separate. This separation has been discovered to be related to absorption of moisture in the polyurethane sheets along the exposed portion over an increasingly wider margin extending inward from the exposed surface during the time that the laminated glass-polyurethane window has its peripheral portion exposed until such time that its marginal portion is protected from exposure to atmospheric moisture when the windshield is installed with its marginal portion in a moisture impervious frame when assembled within an automobile or other vehicle. Bilayer windshields consisting essentially of a single glass sheet laminated to a polyurethane sheet also tend to delaminate on exposure to moisture. The present invention provides an adhesion promoting composition, such as a coupling agent, to a selected portion of the interface between glass and polyurethane to prevent separation of the windshield components. Care is taken to limit the proportion of the area of the interface treated with the adhesion promoting compositioin to control the overall adhesion of polyurethane to glass to a range in which the laminated windshield has an acceptable resistance to penetration, an acceptable lacerative injury rating and an acceptable Severity Index rating.
Inventors
- 👤 Raymond G Rieser
- 👤 Joseph Chabal
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 17:11
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B17/00; B32B17/06; B32B17/10; B32B17/10005; B32B17/10009; B32B17/10018; B32B17/10036; B32B17/10165; B32B17/10293; B32B17/10302; B32B17/1055; B32B17/10688; B32B17/10697; B32B17/1077; B32B17/10807; B32B17/10816; B32B17/10825; B32B17/10834; B32B17/10844; B32B17/10853; B32B17/10981; B32B27/00; B60; B60J; B60J1/00; B60J1/02; C; C08; C08G; C08G18/00; C08G18/06; C08G18/08; C08G18/10; C08G18/28; C08G18/40; C08G18/42; C08G18/65; C08G18/66; C08G18/6633; C08G18/70; C08G18/72; C08G18/74; C08G18/75; C09; C09J; C09J157/00; C09J157/06; C09J175/00; C09J175/04; C09J175/06; B32B2375/00; B32B2605/00; B32B2605/08; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24777; Y10T428/24793
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
77 words
IN A TRANSPARENT LAINATED WINDOW COMPRISING A SHEET OF GLASS AND A LAYER OF POLYURETHANE SUSCEPTIBLE OF HAVING ITS ADHESION TO GLASS IMPAIRED BY EXPOSURE TO MOISTURE, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A PATTERN OF AN ADHESION PROMOTING COUPLING AGENT DISPOSED AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN SAID GLASS AND SAID POLYURETHANE, SAID PATTERN COVERING A PORTION ONLY OF SAID INTERFACE TO PROVIDE SAID PORTION WITH A STRONG ADHESIVE BOND BETWEEN SAID GLASS AND SAID POLYURETHANE EVEN WHEN EXPOSED TO MOISTURE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
77 words
IN A TRANSPARENT LAINATED WINDOW COMPRISING A SHEET OF GLASS AND A LAYER OF POLYURETHANE SUSCEPTIBLE OF HAVING ITS ADHESION TO GLASS IMPAIRED BY EXPOSURE TO MOISTURE, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A PATTERN OF AN ADHESION PROMOTING COUPLING AGENT DISPOSED AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN SAID GLASS AND SAID POLYURETHANE, SAID PATTERN COVERING A PORTION ONLY OF SAID INTERFACE TO PROVIDE SAID PORTION WITH A STRONG ADHESIVE BOND BETWEEN SAID GLASS AND SAID POLYURETHANE EVEN WHEN EXPOSED TO MOISTURE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The improvement as in claim 1, wherein said pattern extends around the marginal edge portion of said window.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The improvement as in claim 2, wherein said adhesion promoting coupling agent provides an adhesion of at least 100 pounds per linear inch based on a 30 mil thickness for said polyurethane sheet in said marginal edge portion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The improvement as in claim 1, wherein said pattern comprises a pattern of dots disposed throughout the extent of said interface within the marginal edge portion thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The improvement as in claim 4, wherein said pattern of dots provides a minimum adhesion of 2 pounds per linear inch between said glass and said polyurethane based on a polyurethane thickness of 30 mils under high humidity conditions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The improvement as in claim 1, wherein said polyurethane is a preformed sheet.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
79 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a pair of glass sheets, an interlayer of polyurethane susceptible of having its adhesion to glass impaired by exposure to moisture between said glass sheets and an adhesion promoting organosilane coupling agent disposed in the marginal portion only of said laminated window at each interfacial surface between glass and polyurethane of said laminated window to provide said portion with a strong adhesive bond between said glass and said polyurethane even when exposed to moisture.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
79 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a pair of glass sheets, an interlayer of polyurethane susceptible of having its adhesion to glass impaired by exposure to moisture between said glass sheets and an adhesion promoting organosilane coupling agent disposed in the marginal portion only of said laminated window at each interfacial surface between glass and polyurethane of said laminated window to provide said portion with a strong adhesive bond between said glass and said polyurethane even when exposed to moisture.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
42 words
A laminated window as in claim 7, wherein said adhesion promoting organosilane coupling agent is present in an amount sufficient to provide an adhesion of at least 100 pounds per linear inch based on 30 mil thick polyurethane in said marginal portion.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
123 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a pair of glass sheets, an interlayer of polyurethane susceptible of having its adhesion to glass impaired by exposure to moisture between said glass sheets, and means for increasing adhesion in the marginal portion only of said window comprising an adhesion promoting organosilane coupling agent disposed in the marginal portion of each interface of said window in an amount sufficient to provide an adhesion of at least 100 pounds per linear inch in said marginal portion based on a 30 mil thickness for said polyurethane, the adhesion between each glass sheet and said plastic interlayer being between 2 pounds per linear inch and 30 pounds per linear inch in the area of said window inside said marginal portion.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
123 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a pair of glass sheets, an interlayer of polyurethane susceptible of having its adhesion to glass impaired by exposure to moisture between said glass sheets, and means for increasing adhesion in the marginal portion only of said window comprising an adhesion promoting organosilane coupling agent disposed in the marginal portion of each interface of said window in an amount sufficient to provide an adhesion of at least 100 pounds per linear inch in said marginal portion based on a 30 mil thickness for said polyurethane, the adhesion between each glass sheet and said plastic interlayer being between 2 pounds per linear inch and 30 pounds per linear inch in the area of said window inside said marginal portion.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A laminated window as in claim 9, wherein said marginal portion has a width in the range of between 1/2 inch and about 2 inches.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A laminated window as in claim 9, further including a pattern of dots of said adhesive promoting organosilane coupling agent disposed inside said marginal portion at each interface of said window.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
76 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a glass sheet and a layer of polyurethane laminated to said glass sheet, said window being subject to delamination under high humidity conditions, and a pattern of dots of an adhesion promoting coupling agent capable of providing an adhesion of at least 2 pounds per linear inch based on a 30 mil thickness of said polyurethane under high humidity conditions disposed at the interfacial surface between said glass and said polyurethane.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
76 words
A transparent laminated window comprising a glass sheet and a layer of polyurethane laminated to said glass sheet, said window being subject to delamination under high humidity conditions, and a pattern of dots of an adhesion promoting coupling agent capable of providing an adhesion of at least 2 pounds per linear inch based on a 30 mil thickness of said polyurethane under high humidity conditions disposed at the interfacial surface between said glass and said polyurethane.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A laminated window as in claim 12, wherein said dots are spaced from one another by a distance not exceeding 2 inches.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
A laminated window as in claim 12, further including a pattern of an adhesive promoting coupling agent disposed in the marginal portion of the interface between glass and polyurethane in said window.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
A laminated window as in claim 14, wherein the adhesive promoting coupling agent is present in said marginal portion in an amount sufficient to provide an adhesion of at least 100 pounds per linear inch based on a 30 mil thickness of polyurethane.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-04-28 | 1978-10-28 | 1979-04-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-04-28 | 1982-10-28 | 1983-04-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-04-28 | 1986-10-28 | 1987-04-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |