Rotogravure printing process

Claim 2

IN THE HIGH SPEED ROTOGRAVURE INTALGIO PRINTING OF A FIBROUS WEB, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES UTILIZING, AS THE PRINTING FLUID THEREIN, A LOW VISCOSITY PRINTING FLUID COMPRISING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE, CATIONIC THERMOSETTING RESIN AND A WATER-SOLUBLE DYE COMPATIBLE WITH SAID RESIN, SAID DYE AND RESIN MIXTURE HAVING A STABILITY OF FROM ABOUT 1 HOUR TO IN EXCESS OF 4 MONTHS, A TRANSFERENCE VALUE OF FROM ABOUT 0 TO ABOUT 4, AND A VISCOSITY OF LESS THAN 20 CPS. AT 77*F.

Claim 3

In the rotogravure intaglio printing of an absorbent fibrous web at a velocity up to and in excess of about 5,000 feet per minute, the improvement which comprises utilizing, as the printing fluid therein, a low viscosity printing fluid comprising a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F., and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 4

In the rotogravure intaglio printing of an absorbent fibrous web at a velocity up to and in excess of about 5,000 feet per minute, the improvement which comprises utilizing, as the printing fluid therein, a low viscosity printing fluid comprising a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F., and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 5

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting (a) a polybasic acid, (b) an alkylene polyamine, and (c) a crosslinking agent.

Claim 6

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting (a) a polybasic acid, (b) an alkylene polyamine, (c) a glycol, and (d) epichlorohydrin. 5. The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 3, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting an unsaturated polybasic acid, and is thereafter further reacted with an ethenoid compound.

Claim 7

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting (a) urea, (b) an alkylene polyamine, (c) formaldehyde and (d) at least one member of the group consisting of thiourea, dicyandiamide, guanadine and amino triazine.

Claim 8

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 6, wherein the resin is obtained by reacting urea, formaldehyde, diethylene triamine and melamine.

Claim 9

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting (a) urea, (b) formaldehyde, (c) an alkylene polyamine of the formula H2N(CmH2mHN) xH wherein x is an integer of 1 to 4 and m is an integer of 2 to 3, and (d) at least one member of the group consisting of thiourea, dicyandiamide, guanidine and aminotriazine, in the presence of at least one compound of the class consisting of paraformaldehyde, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohols, ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycols, triethylene glycols, glucose, furfuryl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide.

Claim 10

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting (a) at least one polybasic acid of the formula HOOC - R - COOH where R is of from 2 to 16 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic moieties, unsaturated hydrocarbon moieties, alicyclic moieties, and aromatic moieties; (b) an alkylene polyamine of the formula H2N(CmH2mNY)pCmH2mNH2 wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and CmH2mNH2 and wherein m is an integer from 2 to 4 and p is an integer from 1 to 4; (c) an alkylene glycol of the formula HO(CHOH)g(CmH2mO)gCmH2mOH wherein g is an integer from 0 to 6 and m is an integer from 2 to 4; and (d) a crosslinking agent selected from the class consisting of halohydrins, diglycidylether and alpha, omega dihaloalkylenes; provided that when in said polybasic acid R is an unsaturated moiety the condensate is further reacted with an ethenoid compound selected from the class consisting of vinylacetate and lower alkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Claim 11

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 9, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting only components (a), (b) and (d).

Claim 12

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 9, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting only components (a), (b) and (d), and said polybasic acid moiety R is an unsaturated moiety.

Claim 13

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 10, wherein the polybasic acid is adipic acid, the alkylene polyamine is diethylene tetramine and the cross-linking agent is epichlorohydrin.

Claim 14

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is a cationic-ureaformaldehyde resin condensate.

Claim 15

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 13, wherein the resin is an amine-modified urea-formaldehyde thermosetting resin condensate.

Claim 16

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 14, wherein the resin is prepared by the acid condensation of a reaction mixture of urea, formaldehyde and at least one polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N (CnH2nHN)x H wherein x is an integer of 1 to 4 and n is 2 or 3.

Claim 17

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defineD by claim 13, wherein the resin is prepared by the acid condensation of a reaction mixture of urea, formaldehyde, at least one polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N (CnH2nHN) xH wherein x is an integer of 1 to 5 and n is 2 or 3, and a viscosity lowering additive selected from the class consisting of formaldehyde, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, tertiary-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerine, furfuryl alcohol dimethylformamide, and wherein additional amounts of the viscosity lowering additive are added after each incipient gellation in order to enable the condensation reaction to be continued to the desired degree of condensation.

Claim 18

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting: a. a compound selected from at least one member of the group consisting of amino-carboxylic acids of the formula

Claim 19

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 17, wherein the resin is obtained by reacting e-caprolactam, adipic acid, diethylene triamine and triethylene tetramine and epichlorohydrin.

Claim 20

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is prepared by reacting: a. at least one member of the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, diglycolic acid and dithioglycolic acid, with b. at least one member of the group consisting of a polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N(RNH)nH where R is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is An integer from 2 to 5, said polyalkylene polyamine and said dicarboxylic acid being reacted in a mole ratio of from about 0.9:1.0 to about 1.15:1.0 in an aqueous medium at a temperature of from about 160*C to about 210*C; c. converting by means of an inorganic acid the polyamino-polyamide reaction product from steps (a) and (b) to an inorganic acid salt thereof; d. reacting said salt with an alkali cyanate in an aqueous solution to form a polyureide derivative, said cyanate being selected from at least one member of the group consisting of lithium cyanate, sodium cyanate, potassium, thiocyanate, said alkali metal cyanate being reacted with said polyaminopolyamide in mole ratios from about 0.8:1.2 moles of the cyanate per mole of reactive amine, at a temperature of from about 50*C to about 80*C; and e. reacting the preceding product with an aldehyde selected from at least one member of the class consisting of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and trioxane, said aldehyde being present in an amount such that it is equivalent to from 1:1 to about 3:1, at a temperature of from about 60*C to about 90*C.

Claim 21

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 19, wherein the resin is obtained by reacting adipic acid, diethylene, triamine, hydrochloric acid, potassium cyanate and formaldehyde.

Claim 22

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the said printing fluid has a viscosity of less than 15 cps. at 77*F.

Claim 23

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 21, wherein the said printing fluid has a viscosity of between 3 and 10 cps. at 77*F.

Claim 24

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 22, wherein the said printing fluid has a viscosity of between 3 and 7 cps. at 77*F.

Claim 25

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the said printing fluid has a surface tension of from about 30 to about 60 dynes/cm.

Claim 26

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is capable of thermosetting within at least four weeks.

Claim 27

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the resin is self-curing.

Claim 28

In a high speed rotogravure intaglio printing organization, the improvement which comprises, as the printing fluid therefor, a low viscosity printing fluid comprising a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of four months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F, and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 29

In a high speed rotogravure intaglio printing organization, the improvement which comprises, as the printing fluid therefor, a low viscosity printing fluid comprising a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of four months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F, and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 30

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the absorbent fibrous web printed is an unsized fibrous web.

Claim 31

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 2, wherein the absorbent fibrous web printed is a cellulosic fibrous web.

Claim 32

The rotogravure intaglio printing process as defined by claim 29, wherein the cellulosic fibrous web is selected from the group consisting of multi-ply toilet/facial tissue, single ply toilet tissue, single ply towel/wiper, multi-ply towel/wiper, single ply napkin and multi-ply napkin.