Patent US3879327A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3879327A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a water insoluble polymer
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
•
Filing: 1972-02-15
•
Granted: 1975-04-22
•
Expires: 1992-02-15
Abstract
Abstract The preparation of stable aqueous latices from solvent dispersions of elastomers and other high polymer compositions has presented problems including excessive viscosity during processing and foaming, which have produced losses and increased costs. Herein combinations of steps are disclosed which reduce or eliminate various of these problems and enable the preparation of stable latices of high solids content. The process is characterized, inter alia, by the establishment of a flow of steam as a continuous phase into which an emulsion of a cement of the polymer is dispersed as an aerosol of latex droplets in a solvent-vapor continuum, followed by coalescence of the latex droplets and separation of the resulting coalesced liquid phase from the resulting solvent-vapor phase. In one embodiment of the present method an aqueous emulsion is prepared the dispersed phase of which principally comprises particles of precursor latex particle size and which may contain a lesser proportion of particles of greater than precursor latex particle size. This emulsion is converted to a stable latex by subjecting the same to special conditions which cause selective agglomeration of the particles of greater than precursor latex particle size, and removing the so agglomerated particles to yield a latex essentially free of particles of greater than colloidal size. The separation of the gaseous and liquid latex phases is effected by impinging the same on a liquid body, preferably a flow of partially concentrated liquid latex; and other features of said copending applications may also be employed. In the present disclosure, in addition, special provisions are made for eliminating from the latex particles of greater than colloidal size by controlling the heating and stripping operations so that in combination, such larger particles or the precursors thereof are coagulated and removed without coagulation of the latex of colloidal sized particles. Furthermore, special provisions are made for coagulum removal and recovery, and to contribute to a more expeditious processing of the materials into stable latices and a reduction in coagulum losses and increase in efficiency.
Inventors
- 👤 Jr Oliver W Burke
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:19
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/017; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/02; C08J3/03
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 106
Claim 1
Independent Claim
44 words
IN THE FORMATION OF A LATEX FROM AN ORGANIC SOLVENT DISPERSION OF A COMPOSITION OF AN ORGANIC SOLVENT SOLUBLE OR DISPERIBLE WATER INSOLUBLE POLYMER OF ONE OR MORE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED MONOMERS CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 20 20 CARBON ATOMS, BY A PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES:
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
44 words
IN THE FORMATION OF A LATEX FROM AN ORGANIC SOLVENT DISPERSION OF A COMPOSITION OF AN ORGANIC SOLVENT SOLUBLE OR DISPERIBLE WATER INSOLUBLE POLYMER OF ONE OR MORE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED MONOMERS CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 20 20 CARBON ATOMS, BY A PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES:
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
PROVIDING A DISPERSION OF THE POLYMER COMPOSITION IN ESSENTIALLY WATER-IMMISCIBLE VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENT WHICH ITSELF OR AS AN AZEOTROE WITH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, POINT LOWER THAN THAT OF WATER AS ITS CONTINUUM
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
PROVIDING A DISPERSION OF THE POLYMER COMPOSITION IN ESSENTIALLY WATER-IMMISCIBLE VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENT WHICH ITSELF OR AS AN AZEOTROE WITH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, POINT LOWER THAN THAT OF WATER AS ITS CONTINUUM
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
In the formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a composition of an organic solvent soluble or dispersible water insoluble polymer of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by a process which comprises:
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
In the formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a composition of an organic solvent soluble or dispersible water insoluble polymer of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by a process which comprises:
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
providing a dispersion of the polymer composition in essentially water-immiscible volatile organic solvent which itself or as an azeotrope with water has a boiling point lower than that of water at atmospheric pressure,
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
providing a dispersion of the polymer composition in essentially water-immiscible volatile organic solvent which itself or as an azeotrope with water has a boiling point lower than that of water at atmospheric pressure,
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
providing a dispersion of the polymer composition in essentially water-immiscible volatile organic solvent which itself or as an azeotrope with water has a boiling point lower than that of water at atmospheric pressure,
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
providing a dispersion of the polymer composition in essentially water-immiscible volatile organic solvent which itself or as an azeotrope with water has a boiling point lower than that of water at atmospheric pressure,
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
adding water and emulsifier to said dispersion in proportions to form an emulsion having water as its continuum and emulsifying the same so that the discontinuous phase thereof is in particles at least principally of precursor latex particle size,
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
adding water and emulsifier to said dispersion in proportions to form an emulsion having water as its continuum and emulsifying the same so that the discontinuous phase thereof is in particles at least principally of precursor latex particle size,
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the further step is iNcluded of
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
adding water and emulsifier to said dispersion in proportions to form an emulsion having water as its continuum and emulsifying the same so that the discontinuous phase thereof is in particles at least principally of precursor latex particle size,
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
39 words
adding water and emulsifier to said dispersion in proportions to form an emulsion having water as its continuum and emulsifying the same so that the discontinuous phase thereof is in particles at least principally of precursor latex particle size,
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
ADDING WATER AND EMULSIFIER TO SAID DISPERSION IN PROPORTIONS TO FORM AN EMULSION HAVING WATER AS ITS CONTINUUM AND EMULSIFYING THE SAME SO THAT THE DISCONTINOUS PHASE THEREOF IS IN PARTICLES AT LEAST PRINCIPALLY OF PRECURSOR LATEX PARTICLE SIZE,
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
ADDING WATER AND EMULSIFIER TO SAID DISPERSION IN PROPORTIONS TO FORM AN EMULSION HAVING WATER AS ITS CONTINUUM AND EMULSIFYING THE SAME SO THAT THE DISCONTINOUS PHASE THEREOF IS IN PARTICLES AT LEAST PRINCIPALLY OF PRECURSOR LATEX PARTICLE SIZE,
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
STRIPPING THE SOLVENT FROM THE EMULSION TO FORM A LATEX, AND
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
STRIPPING THE SOLVENT FROM THE EMULSION TO FORM A LATEX, AND
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
stripping the solvent from the emulsion to form a latex, and
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
stripping the solvent from the emulsion to form a latex, and
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
stripping the solvent from the emulsion to form a latex, and
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
stripping the solvent from the emulsion to form a latex, and
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
46 words
Process as claimed in claim 2, in which in step (14) coagulated polymer is dissolved in solvent the same as the used in step (1) and the resulting solution is employed to form a part of the solvent dispersion of polymer composition produced in step (1).
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
8 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which:
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
recovering the latex product, and which comprises the particular steps of:
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
recovering the latex product, and which comprises the particular steps of:
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
11 words
recovering the latex product, and which comprises the particular steps of:
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
recovering the latex product, and which comprises the particular steps of:
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
RECOVERING THE LATEX PRODUCT, AND WHICH COMPRISES THE PARTICULAR STEPS OF: 2
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
RECOVERING THE LATEX PRODUCT, AND WHICH COMPRISES THE PARTICULAR STEPS OF: 2
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
providing a moving flow of gas comprising steam as an initial continuous phase,
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
providing a moving flow of gas comprising steam as an initial continuous phase,
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
providing a moving flow of gas comprising steam as an initial continuous phase,
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
13 words
providing a moving flow of gas comprising steam as an initial continuous phase,
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
8 words
Process as claimed in claim 4, in which:
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
49 words
DISPERSING THE SAID EMULSION INTO THE FLOW OF GAS AS THE INITIAL CONTINOUS PHASE WHILE SUBJECTING THE PHASE TO A DECREASE OF PRESSURE AND MAINTAINING THE TEMPERATURE THEREOF BELOW THE LIMITING TEMPERATURE FOR STABILITY OF THE EMULSION, THEREBY VAPORIZING SOLVENT FROM THE DISPERSED DROPLETS AND FORMING LATEX AND VAPOR,
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
49 words
DISPERSING THE SAID EMULSION INTO THE FLOW OF GAS AS THE INITIAL CONTINOUS PHASE WHILE SUBJECTING THE PHASE TO A DECREASE OF PRESSURE AND MAINTAINING THE TEMPERATURE THEREOF BELOW THE LIMITING TEMPERATURE FOR STABILITY OF THE EMULSION, THEREBY VAPORIZING SOLVENT FROM THE DISPERSED DROPLETS AND FORMING LATEX AND VAPOR,
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
49 words
dispersing the said emulsion into the flow of gas as the initial continuous phase while subjecting the phases to a decrease of pressure and maintaining the temperature thereof below the limiting temperature for stability of the emulsion, thereby vaporizing solvent from the dispersed droplets and forming latex and vapor,
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
49 words
dispersing the said emulsion into the flow of gas as the initial continuous phase while subjecting the phases to a decrease of pressure and maintaining the temperature thereof below the limiting temperature for stability of the emulsion, thereby vaporizing solvent from the dispersed droplets and forming latex and vapor,
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
30 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which: (14) the polymer composition provided in step (1) has a dry solids content within the range of 8 to 50%, by wt.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
64 words
dispersing the said emulsion into the flow of gas as the initial continuous phase while subjecting the phases to a decrease of pressure and maintaining the temperature thereof below the limiting temperature for stability of the emulsion thereby vaporizing solvent from the dispersed droplets and forming latex and vapor, the improvement which consists in the combination in the process of the further steps of:
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
64 words
dispersing the said emulsion into the flow of gas as the initial continuous phase while subjecting the phases to a decrease of pressure and maintaining the temperature thereof below the limiting temperature for stability of the emulsion thereby vaporizing solvent from the dispersed droplets and forming latex and vapor, the improvement which consists in the combination in the process of the further steps of:
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the polymer employed in step (1) consists essentially of rubbery polymer.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
46 words
Subjecting the latex prepared by step (6) to an increase in temperature sufficient to destabilize, and permit coagulation from the latex of, particles of greater than colloidal size that may be present therein without coagulating any large proprotion of the latex particles of colloidal size, and
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
46 words
Subjecting the latex prepared by step (6) to an increase in temperature sufficient to destabilize, and permit coagulation from the latex of, particles of greater than colloidal size that may be present therein without coagulating any large proprotion of the latex particles of colloidal size, and
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
19 words
establishing a reduced pressure zone and maintaining the same at a pressure lower than that attained in step (6),
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
19 words
establishing a reduced pressure zone and maintaining the same at a pressure lower than that attained in step (6),
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
19 words
ESTABLISHING A REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE AND MAINTAINING THE SAME AT A PRESSURE LOWER THAN THAT ATTAINED IN STEP (6),
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
19 words
ESTABLISHING A REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE AND MAINTAINING THE SAME AT A PRESSURE LOWER THAN THAT ATTAINED IN STEP (6),
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
10 words
ESTABLISHING A FLOW OF LATEX THROUGH SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE,
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
10 words
ESTABLISHING A FLOW OF LATEX THROUGH SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE,
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
10 words
establishing a flow of latex through said reduced pressure zone,
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
10 words
establishing a flow of latex through said reduced pressure zone,
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
7 words
separating from the latex any coagulum formed.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
7 words
separating from the latex any coagulum formed.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
17 words
Process as claimed in claim 7, in which the rubbery polymer is selected from the butyl rubbers.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
18 words
Process as claimed in claim 7, in which the rubbery polymer is selected from the chlorinated butyl rubbers.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
43 words
step (7) is practiced by passing the latex formed in step (6) in contact with a surface heated in the range of 212* to 260* F. for a sufficient time to effect the said destabilization of such particles of greater than colloidal size.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
43 words
step (7) is practiced by passing the latex formed in step (6) in contact with a surface heated in the range of 212* to 260* F. for a sufficient time to effect the said destabilization of such particles of greater than colloidal size.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
35 words
step (7) is practiced by introducing into the latex formed in step (6) a quantity of steam sufficient in amount and temperature to effect the said destabilization of such particles of greater than colloidal size.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
35 words
step (7) is practiced by introducing into the latex formed in step (6) a quantity of steam sufficient in amount and temperature to effect the said destabilization of such particles of greater than colloidal size.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
25 words
INTRODUCING INTO SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE THE LATEZ DROPLETS AND VAPOR PRODUCED BY STEP (6) AND IMPINGING SAID DROPLETS UPON THE FLOW OF LATEX THEREIN,
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
25 words
INTRODUCING INTO SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE THE LATEZ DROPLETS AND VAPOR PRODUCED BY STEP (6) AND IMPINGING SAID DROPLETS UPON THE FLOW OF LATEX THEREIN,
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
25 words
introducing into said reduced pressure zone the latex droplets and vapor produced by step (6) and impinging said droplets upon the flow of latex therein,
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
25 words
introducing into said reduced pressure zone the latex droplets and vapor produced by step (6) and impinging said droplets upon the flow of latex therein,
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
8 words
withdrawing vapor from said reduced pressure zone, and
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
8 words
withdrawing vapor from said reduced pressure zone, and
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
8 words
WITHDRAWING VAPOR FROM SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE AND
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
8 words
WITHDRAWING VAPOR FROM SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE AND
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
14 words
step (9) is practiced in the presence of solvent vapor produced in step (6).
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
14 words
step (9) is practiced in the presence of solvent vapor produced in step (6).
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
31 words
Process as claimed in claim 7, in which the rubbery polymer is selected from the group of rubbery propylene polymers consisting of the rubbery ethylenepropylene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers, and amorphous polypropylene.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
14 words
step (9) is practiced in the presence of solvent vapor produced in step (6).
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
14 words
step (9) is practiced in the presence of solvent vapor produced in step (6).
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
41 words
the steam referred to in step (9) is introduced into the latex droplets and vapor formed by step (6) at a zone downstream from the zone of dispersion of the emulsion into the flow of steam as the initial continuous phase.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
41 words
the steam referred to in step (9) is introduced into the latex droplets and vapor formed by step (6) at a zone downstream from the zone of dispersion of the emulsion into the flow of steam as the initial continuous phase.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
26 words
Process as claimed in claim 7, in which the rubbery polymer is a solution polymerized conjugated diene polymer which contains more than 5 mole percent unsaturation.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
24 words
withdrawing the combined latices from said reduced pressure zone, the improvement which consists in the combination in the process of the further steps of:
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
24 words
withdrawing the combined latices from said reduced pressure zone, the improvement which consists in the combination in the process of the further steps of:
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
24 words
WITHDRAWING THE COMBINED LATICES FROM SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH CONSISTS IN THE COMBINATION IN THE PROCESS OF THE FURTHER STEPS OF:
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
24 words
WITHDRAWING THE COMBINED LATICES FROM SAID REDUCED PRESSURE ZONE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH CONSISTS IN THE COMBINATION IN THE PROCESS OF THE FURTHER STEPS OF:
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
33 words
Process as claimed in claim 11, in which the rubbery polymer is selected from the group consisting of the solution polymerized butadiene polymers and copolymers and the solution polymerized isoprene polymers and copolymers.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
54 words
passing the latex withdrawn in step (11) in contact with a surface heated in the range of 212* to 260*F. for a sufficient time to destabilize and coagulate from the latex particles of greater than colloidal size, which may be present in said latex, without substantially coagulating the latex particles of colloidal size, and
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
54 words
passing the latex withdrawn in step (11) in contact with a surface heated in the range of 212* to 260*F. for a sufficient time to destabilize and coagulate from the latex particles of greater than colloidal size, which may be present in said latex, without substantially coagulating the latex particles of colloidal size, and
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
55 words
PASSING THE LATEX WITHDRAWN IN STEP (11) IN CONTACT WITH A SURFACE HEATED IN THE RANGE OF 212* TO 260*F. FOR A SUFFICIENT TIME TO DESTABILIZE AND COAGULATE FROM THE LATEX PARTICLES OF GREATER THAN COLLOIDAL SIZE, WHICH MAY BE PRESENT IN SAID LATEX, WITHOUT SUBSTANTIALLY COAGULATING THE LATEX PARTICLES OF COLLOIDAL SIZE , AND
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
55 words
PASSING THE LATEX WITHDRAWN IN STEP (11) IN CONTACT WITH A SURFACE HEATED IN THE RANGE OF 212* TO 260*F. FOR A SUFFICIENT TIME TO DESTABILIZE AND COAGULATE FROM THE LATEX PARTICLES OF GREATER THAN COLLOIDAL SIZE, WHICH MAY BE PRESENT IN SAID LATEX, WITHOUT SUBSTANTIALLY COAGULATING THE LATEX PARTICLES OF COLLOIDAL SIZE , AND
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
18 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the organic polymer is a solvent-soluble solution polymerized synthetic plastic.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
7 words
separating from the latex any coagulum formed.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
7 words
separating from the latex any coagulum formed.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
7 words
SEPARATING FROM THE LATEX ANY COAGULUM FORMED.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
7 words
SEPARATING FROM THE LATEX ANY COAGULUM FORMED.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
35 words
Process as claimed in claim 13, in which the synthetic plastic is selected from the group consisting of the solution polymerized plastomeric homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene and the plastomeric homopolymers and copolymers of propylene.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
17 words
recycling the coagulum separated in step (13) to form part of the dispersion provided in step (1).
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
17 words
recycling the coagulum separated in step (13) to form part of the dispersion provided in step (1).
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
33 words
in step (12) the latex which has been passed in contact with the heated surface is subjected to a sufficient reduction of pressure to vaporize water therefrom and produce a more concentrated latex.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
33 words
in step (12) the latex which has been passed in contact with the heated surface is subjected to a sufficient reduction of pressure to vaporize water therefrom and produce a more concentrated latex.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
22 words
the concentrated latex and vapor formed in step (14) are introduced into said separating zone to form the flow of latex therein.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
22 words
the concentrated latex and vapor formed in step (14) are introduced into said separating zone to form the flow of latex therein.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
16 words
Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the organic polymer comprises organic solvent-soluble synthetic resin.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
43 words
In the formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a composition of an organic solvent soluble or dispersible water insoluble polymer of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by a process which comprises:
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
43 words
In the formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a composition of an organic solvent soluble or dispersible water insoluble polymer of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by a process which comprises:
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process as claimed in claim 16, in which:
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process as claimed in claim 17, in which:
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process as claimed in claim 16, in which:
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process as claimed in claim 19, in which:
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2403966A
Cited
US2959561A
Cited
US3007852A
Cited
US3129132A
Cited
US3244660A
Cited
US3287301A
Cited
US3277037A
Cited
US3294719A
Cited
US3310515A
Cited
US3281386A
Cited
US3445414A
Cited
US3432483A
Cited
US3503917A
Cited
US3644263A
Cited
US3652482A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-04-21 | 1978-10-21 | 1979-04-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-04-21 | 1982-10-21 | 1983-04-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-04-21 | 1986-10-21 | 1987-04-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |