Reforming with a single platinum group metal

Claim 2

A NAPHTHA REFORMING PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING A HYDROCARBON MTERIAL, UNDER REFORMING CONDITIONS, AND IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN WITH A CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A REFRACTORY SUPPORT IN ASSOCIATION WITH GREATER THAN 0.1 WT. PERCENT, BASED ON TOTAL CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF IRIDIUM, RUTHENIUM AND OSMIUM, THE SURFACE AREA OF SAID CATALYST METAL ON SAID SUPPORT BEING AT LEAST 150 SQUARE METERS PER GRAM OF CATALYST METAL AS DETERMINED BY CARBON MONOXIDE CHEMISORPTION TECHNIQUES, SAID CATALYST BEING PREPARED BY A PROCEDURE COMPRISING (A) CONTACTING SAID SUPPORT WITH A SOLUTION OF A DECOMPOSABLE COMPOUND OF SAID CATALYST METAL, (B) DRYING SAID METAL CONTAINING SUPPORT, (C) CALCINING SAID METAL CONTAINING SUPPORT AT CONDITIONS THAT INHIBIT THE FORMATION OF CRYSTALLINE METAL OXIDES, AND (D) REDUCING SAID CATALYST METAL COMPOUND, SAID CATALYST METAL NOT BEING PRESENT ON SAID SUPPORT IN A CRYSTALLINE OXIDE FORM IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO SAID REDUCTION.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst contains less than two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and is substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents.

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein said refractory support is a refractory inorganic oxide.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 6

A hydrocarbon reforming process which comprises contacting a normally liquid hydrocarbon material at reforming conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of a refractory support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least 150 square meters per gram of said catalyst metal as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and being substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents, and said catalyst being prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal containing support, (c) calcining said metal containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 7

A hydrocarbon reforming process which comprises contacting a normally liquid hydrocarbon material at reforming conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of a refractory support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least 150 square meters per gram of said catalyst metal as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and being substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents, and said catalyst being prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal containing support, (c) calcining said metal containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 8

The process of claim 5 wherein said support is a refractory inorganic oxide.

Claim 9

The process of claim 5 wherein said catalyst additionally contains from about 0.1 to 3 wt. percent of a halogen moiety, based on total catalyst.

Claim 10

The process of claim 5 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 11

A process for reforming a naphtha feed stock containing aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic constituents, which comprises contacting said feed stock at a temperature varying from 650* to 1,000*F. and at a pressure varying from 1 to 50 atmospheres in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of a refractory support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being At least about 200 square meters per gram of said catalyst metal as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing from about 0.1 to 3.0 wt. percent of a halogen moiety and less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and being substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents, and said catalyst being prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal containing support, (c) calcining said metal containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 12

A process for reforming a naphtha feed stock containing aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic constituents, which comprises contacting said feed stock at a temperature varying from 650* to 1,000*F. and at a pressure varying from 1 to 50 atmospheres in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of a refractory support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being At least about 200 square meters per gram of said catalyst metal as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing from about 0.1 to 3.0 wt. percent of a halogen moiety and less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and being substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents, and said catalyst being prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal containing support, (c) calcining said metal containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 13

The process of claim 9 wherein said support is a refractory inorganic oxide.

Claim 14

The process of claim 9 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 15

The process of claim 9 wherein said halogen moiety is a chlorine moiety and said support is alumina.

Claim 16

The process of claim 11 wherein said support is alumina.

Claim 17

A hydrocarbon reforming process which comprises contacting a normally liquid hydrocarbon material at reforming conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of an alumina support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least 150 square meters/gram of said catalyst metal as determined by the carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and said catalyst prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal-containing support, (c) calcining said metal-containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 18

A hydrocarbon reforming process which comprises contacting a normally liquid hydrocarbon material at reforming conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of an alumina support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least 150 square meters/gram of said catalyst metal as determined by the carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and said catalyst prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal-containing support, (c) calcining said metal-containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 19

The process of claim 14 wherein said catalyst additionally contains from about 0.1 to 3 wt. percent of a halogen moiety, based on total catalyst.

Claim 20

The process of claim 14 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 21

The process of claim 14 wherein step (c) is carried out in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature below about 700*F.

Claim 22

The process of claim 14 wherein conversion of the catalyst metal to a crystalline oxide form during the reforming process is prevented.

Claim 23

The process for reforming a naphtha feed stock containing aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic constituents which comprises contacting said feed stock at a temperature varying from 650* to 1,000*F. and at a pressure varying from 1 to 50 atmospheres in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of an alumina support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least about 150 square meters/gram of said catalyst metal, as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing from about 0.1 to 3.0 wt. percent of a halogen moiety and less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and said catalyst prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal-containing support, (c) calcining said metal-containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 24

The process for reforming a naphtha feed stock containing aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic constituents which comprises contacting said feed stock at a temperature varying from 650* to 1,000*F. and at a pressure varying from 1 to 50 atmospheres in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of an alumina support in association with greater than 0.1 wt. percent, based on total catalyst, of a single catalyst metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium and osmium, the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support being at least about 150 square meters/gram of said catalyst metal, as determined by carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques, said catalyst containing from about 0.1 to 3.0 wt. percent of a halogen moiety and less than about two atoms of sulfur per atom of catalyst metal and said catalyst prepared by a procedure comprising (a) contacting said support with a solution of a decomposable compound of said catalyst metal, (b) drying said metal-containing support, (c) calcining said metal-containing support at conditions that inhibit the formation of crystalline metal oxides, and (d) reducing said catalyst metal compound, said catalyst metal not being present on said support in a crystalline oxide form immediately prior to said reduction.

Claim 25

The process of claim 19 wherein the surface area of said catalyst metal on said support is at least about 200 square meters/gram of said catalyst metal, as determined by the carbon monoxide chemisorption techniques.

Claim 26

The process of claim 19 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 27

The process of claim 19 wherein said halogen moiety is chlorine.

Claim 28

The process of claim 22 wherein said catalyst metal is iridium.

Claim 29

The process of claim 19 wherein said catalyst contains from about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. percent, based on total catalyst of said single catalyst metal.

Claim 30

The process of claim 19 wherein step (c) is carried out in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature below about 700*F.

Claim 31

The process of claim 19 wherein conversion of the catalyst metal to a crystalline oxide form during the reforming process is prevented.