Patent US3869397A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3869397A
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Electrostatic toner composition
Assignee: GAF Corp
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Filing: 1972-11-01
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Granted: 1975-03-04
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Expires: 1992-11-01
Abstract
Abstract An electrostatic toner composition capable of providing a visible image in an electrostatic reproduction process comprising an electrically insulating carrier liquid, a pigment or coloring agent, a metallic soap, and a polymeric material which preferably comprises a copolymer of a vinyl ether and maleic anhydride.
Inventors
- 👤 J C Tristan Tellier
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 07:02
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/12; G03G9/13; G03G9/131; G03G9/135; G03G9/1355
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
AN ELECTROSTATIC LIQUID TONER COMPRISING A. AN ELECTRICALLY INSULATING CARRIER LIQUID COMPRISING A HYDROCARBON WHEREIN SAID CARRIER LIQUID HAS A DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LESS THAN 3 AND A VOLUME RESISTIVITY IN EXCESS OF 10**10 OHM CENTIMETER; B. FROM ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 10 PERCENT OF A PIGMENT; C. A METALLIC SOAP; AND D. FROM 0.1 TO 1 PART BY WEIGHT, PER PART BY WEIGHT OF SAID PIGMENT, OF A COPOLYMER OF AN ALKYL VINYL ETHER AND MALEIC ANHYDRIDE WHEREIN THE ALKYL GROUP OF SAID ALKYL ETHER CONTAINS 12 TO 40 CARBON ATOMS.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
AN ELECTROSTATIC LIQUID TONER COMPRISING A. AN ELECTRICALLY INSULATING CARRIER LIQUID COMPRISING A HYDROCARBON WHEREIN SAID CARRIER LIQUID HAS A DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LESS THAN 3 AND A VOLUME RESISTIVITY IN EXCESS OF 10**10 OHM CENTIMETER; B. FROM ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 10 PERCENT OF A PIGMENT; C. A METALLIC SOAP; AND D. FROM 0.1 TO 1 PART BY WEIGHT, PER PART BY WEIGHT OF SAID PIGMENT, OF A COPOLYMER OF AN ALKYL VINYL ETHER AND MALEIC ANHYDRIDE WHEREIN THE ALKYL GROUP OF SAID ALKYL ETHER CONTAINS 12 TO 40 CARBON ATOMS.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner as defined in claim 1 wherein said pigment is carbon black.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner as defined in claim 1 wherein said copolymer is poly(n-octadecyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner as defined in claim 3 wherein said metallic soap is zirconium octoate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner as defined in claim 3 wherein said pigment is carbon black.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner as defined in claim 3 wherein said carrier liquid is a hydrocarbon.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
A toner as defined in claim 1 wherein the copolymer is employed in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of the pigment.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-03-03 | 1978-09-02 | 1979-03-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-03-03 | 1982-09-02 | 1983-03-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-03-03 | 1986-09-02 | 1987-03-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |