US3867175A — Non-fogging material

Claim 1

Independent Claim 197 words

A NON-FOGGING MATERIAL COMPRISING A NORMALLY FOGGING SUBSTRATE HAVING ON AT LEAST ONE SURFACE THEREOF A NON-FOGGING, WATER INSOLUBLE, HYDROPHILIC POLYMERIC COATING COMPRISING A POLYALKYLENE IMINE HAING SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF ITS NITROGEN ATOMS ATTACHED TO A PLURALITY OF REACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID REACTIVE COMPOUNDS BEING A CROSS-LINLING COMPOUND HAVING AT LEAST TWO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS CAPABLE OF REACTING WITH THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE SELECTED FROM A NONAROMATIC ETHYLENIC UNSAURATED GROUP, AN EPOXY GROUP, A HALO GROUP, A CARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE GROUP, AN ALDEHYDE GROUP, A KETONIC GROUP, AN ISOCYANATO OR ISOTHIOCYANATO GROUP AND A PHENOLIC HYDRXY GROUP AND ANOTHER POLYFUNCTIONAL REACTIVE COMPOUND CONTAINING A POLAR FUNCTIONAL GROUP TO PROMOTE ADHESION TO THE SUBSTRATE SELECTED FROM A CYANO GROUP, AN AMIDO GROUP, AN ACETYL GROUP AND ARYL GROUP AND HAVING AT LEAST TWO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS SELECTED FROM A NONAROMATIC ETHYLENIC UNSATURATED GROUP, AN EPOXY GROUP, A HALO GROUP, A CARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE GROUP, AN ALDEHYDE GROUP, A KETONIC GROUP, AN ISOCYANATO GROUP OR ISOTHIOCYANATO GROUP AND A PHENOLIC HYDROXY GROUP, SAID REACTIVE COMPOUNDS BEING REACTED WITH THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE IN AN AMOUNT OF AT LEAST ONE REACTIVE EQUIVALENT PER EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 197 words

A NON-FOGGING MATERIAL COMPRISING A NORMALLY FOGGING SUBSTRATE HAVING ON AT LEAST ONE SURFACE THEREOF A NON-FOGGING, WATER INSOLUBLE, HYDROPHILIC POLYMERIC COATING COMPRISING A POLYALKYLENE IMINE HAING SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF ITS NITROGEN ATOMS ATTACHED TO A PLURALITY OF REACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID REACTIVE COMPOUNDS BEING A CROSS-LINLING COMPOUND HAVING AT LEAST TWO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS CAPABLE OF REACTING WITH THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE SELECTED FROM A NONAROMATIC ETHYLENIC UNSAURATED GROUP, AN EPOXY GROUP, A HALO GROUP, A CARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE GROUP, AN ALDEHYDE GROUP, A KETONIC GROUP, AN ISOCYANATO OR ISOTHIOCYANATO GROUP AND A PHENOLIC HYDRXY GROUP AND ANOTHER POLYFUNCTIONAL REACTIVE COMPOUND CONTAINING A POLAR FUNCTIONAL GROUP TO PROMOTE ADHESION TO THE SUBSTRATE SELECTED FROM A CYANO GROUP, AN AMIDO GROUP, AN ACETYL GROUP AND ARYL GROUP AND HAVING AT LEAST TWO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS SELECTED FROM A NONAROMATIC ETHYLENIC UNSATURATED GROUP, AN EPOXY GROUP, A HALO GROUP, A CARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE GROUP, AN ALDEHYDE GROUP, A KETONIC GROUP, AN ISOCYANATO GROUP OR ISOTHIOCYANATO GROUP AND A PHENOLIC HYDROXY GROUP, SAID REACTIVE COMPOUNDS BEING REACTED WITH THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE IN AN AMOUNT OF AT LEAST ONE REACTIVE EQUIVALENT PER EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF THE POLYALKYLENE IMINE.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 50 words

A material in accordance with claim 1 in which the functional groups capable of reacting with the polyalkylene imine contained by both the cross-linking compound and the polyfunctional reactive compound containing a polar functional group are selected from a nonaromatic ethylenic unsaturated group, an epoxy group and a halo group.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 90 words

adding at least two polyfunctional reactive compounds containing a polar functional group selected from a cyano group, an amido group, an acetyl group and an aryl group to said polyalkylene imine solution and reacting said polyfunctional compounds having at least two functional groups selected from a nonaromatic ethylenic unsaturated group, an epoxy group, a halo group, a carboxylic acid or anhydride group, an aldehyde group, a ketonic group, an isocyanato or isothiocyanato group and a phenolic hydroxy group with the amine hydrogen of the polyalkylene imine, said reaction being exothermic;

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 90 words

adding at least two polyfunctional reactive compounds containing a polar functional group selected from a cyano group, an amido group, an acetyl group and an aryl group to said polyalkylene imine solution and reacting said polyfunctional compounds having at least two functional groups selected from a nonaromatic ethylenic unsaturated group, an epoxy group, a halo group, a carboxylic acid or anhydride group, an aldehyde group, a ketonic group, an isocyanato or isothiocyanato group and a phenolic hydroxy group with the amine hydrogen of the polyalkylene imine, said reaction being exothermic;

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 14 words

cooling the reaction of step (2) if necessary to prevent an exothermic runaway reaction;

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 14 words

cooling the reaction of step (2) if necessary to prevent an exothermic runaway reaction;

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 30 words

A material in accordance with claim 1 in which the cross-linking compound is epichlorohydrin, and the polyfunctional reactive compounds containing a polar functional group are glycidyl methacrylate and methylene bisacrylamide.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 15 words

A material in accordance with claim 1 in which the polyalkylene imine is polyethylene imine.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 78 words

after thermally staBilizing the reaction of step (2), adding at least one cross-linking compound to the solution which has at least two functional groups selected from a nonaromatic ethylenic unsaturated group, an epoxy group, a halo group, a carboxylic acid or anhydride group, an aldehyde group, a ketonic group, an isocyanato or isothiocyanato group and a phenolic hydroxy group and is capable of reacting with and cross-linking the polyalkylene imine to a water insoluble coating upon complete reaction;

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 78 words

after thermally staBilizing the reaction of step (2), adding at least one cross-linking compound to the solution which has at least two functional groups selected from a nonaromatic ethylenic unsaturated group, an epoxy group, a halo group, a carboxylic acid or anhydride group, an aldehyde group, a ketonic group, an isocyanato or isothiocyanato group and a phenolic hydroxy group and is capable of reacting with and cross-linking the polyalkylene imine to a water insoluble coating upon complete reaction;

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 15 words

A material in accordance with claim 3 in which the polyalkylene imine is polyethylene imine.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 33 words

heating the solution containing the cross-linking compound to partially react it with the polyalkylene imine without cross-linking the imine polymer to a degree that the polymer will gel or come out of solution;

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 33 words

heating the solution containing the cross-linking compound to partially react it with the polyalkylene imine without cross-linking the imine polymer to a degree that the polymer will gel or come out of solution;

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 10 words

cooling the partially cross-linked polyalkylene imine solution to stabilize it;

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 10 words

cooling the partially cross-linked polyalkylene imine solution to stabilize it;

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 61 words

A material in accordance with claim 1 in which the cross-linking compound is present in an amount of about 0.3 to 2.5 moles per equivalent weight of the alkylene imine repeating unit and the polyfunctional reactive compound containing a polar functional group is present in an amount up to about 0.8 mole per equivalent weight of the alkylene imine repeating unit.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 13 words

A material in accordance with claim 1 in which the substrate is polycarbonate.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 16 words

applying the partially cross-linked polyalkylene imine solution to at least one surface of the substrate; and

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 16 words

applying the partially cross-linked polyalkylene imine solution to at least one surface of the substrate; and

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 38 words

heating the coated substrate to cause the cross-linking reaction to be completed whereby substantially all of the nitrogen atoms of the polyalkylene imine are attached to reactive compound so as to provide a non-fogging, abrasion resistant coated substrate.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 38 words

heating the coated substrate to cause the cross-linking reaction to be completed whereby substantially all of the nitrogen atoms of the polyalkylene imine are attached to reactive compound so as to provide a non-fogging, abrasion resistant coated substrate.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 13 words

A material in accordance with claim 3 in which the substrate is polycarbonate.

Claim 24

Independent Claim 12 words

A method of applying a non-fogging polymeric coating to a substrate comprising:

Claim 25

Independent Claim 12 words

A method of applying a non-fogging polymeric coating to a substrate comprising:

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 39 words

The method of claim 9 in which the polyalkylene imine is polyethylene imine and a solvent for the partially cross-linked polyethylene imine is added to the solution in step (4) after the cross-linking compound is added to the solution.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 33 words

The method of claim 9 in which the substrate is polycarbonate whose surface is treated with the solution of chromic acid and sulfuric acid prior to applying the coating thereto in step (7).

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 9 in which the polyfunctional reactive compounds containing a polar functional group are methylene bisacrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 9 in which the cross-linking compound is epichlorohydrin.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1978-02-17	1978-08-19	1979-02-18	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1982-02-17	1982-08-19	1983-02-18	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1986-02-17	1986-08-19	1987-02-18	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Non-fogging material

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