Aqueous printing fluids for paper

Claim 2

A LOW-VISCOSITY PRINTING FLUID FOR PRINTING CELLULOSE WEBS WHICH CONPRISES AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE, CATIONIC THERMOSETTING RESIN AND A WATER-SOLUBLE DYE COMPATIBLE WITH SAID RESIN, SAID DYE AND RESIN MIXTURE HAVING A STABILITY OF FROM ABOUT 1 HOUR TO IN EXCESS OF 4 MONTHS, A TRANSFERENCE VALUE OF FROM ABOUT 0 TO ABOUT 4, AND VISCOSITY OF LESS TAN 20 CPS. AT 77*F.

Claim 3

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fluid is free from particulate matter and has a viscosity of less than 15 cps. at 77*F, a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, and a transference value of from about 0 to about 4 as measured against standardized solutions of a standardized thermosetting resin and a standard dye.

Claim 4

A printing fluid according to claim 1 wherein the resin is capable of thermosetting within at least 4 weeks.

Claim 5

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin is a resin prepared by reacting (a) polybasic acid (b) an alkylene polyamine and (c) a cross-linking agent.

Claim 6

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin is a resin obtained by reacting (a) a polybasic acid (b) an alkylene polyamine (c) a glycol and (d) epichlorohydrin.

Claim 7

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 4 wherein the resin is obtained by reacting an unsaturated polybasic acid and the resin is further reacted after condensation with an ethenoid compound.

Claim 8

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 5 wherein the resin is a resin prepared by reacting (a) at least one polybasic acid of the formula HOOC - R - COOH where R is of from 2 to 16 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic moieties, unsaturated hydrocarbon moieties, alicyclic moieties, and aromatic moieties; (b) alkylene polyamine of the formula H2N(CmH2mHY)pCmH2mNH2 wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and CmH2mNH2 and wherein m is an integer from 2 to 4 and p is an integer from 1 to 4; (c) an alkylene glycol of the formula HO(CHOH)g(CmH2mO)gCmH2mOH wherein g is an integer from 0 to 6 and m is an integer from 2 to 4; and (d) a crosslinking agent selected from the class consisting of halohydrins, diglycidylether and alpha, omega dihaloalkylenes; provided that when in said polybasic acid R is an unsaturated moiety the condensate is further reacted with an ethenoid compound selected from the class counting of vinylacetate and lower alkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Claim 9

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 7 wherein the resin is prepared by reacting only components (a), (b) and (d).

Claim 10

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 7 wherein the resin is prepared by reacting only components (a), (b) and (d) and said polybasic acid moiety R is an unsaturated moiety.

Claim 11

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 8 wherein the polybasic acid is adipic acid, the alkylene polyamine is diethylene tetramine and the crosslinking agent is epichlorohydrin.

Claim 12

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 7 wherein the fluid has a stability of from about 1 week up to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 2 as measured against a standardized solution of polyhydroxypolyalkylene-polyurea-formaldehyde condensate resin and C.I. Direct Blue 1 dye, and a viscosity in the range of from about 3 cps to about 12 cps, the surface tension of said fluid being of from about 30 to about 60 dynes/cm, said fluid being substantially free from volatile solvents having a vapor pressure of less than water.

Claim 13

A fibrous web product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 4.

Claim 14

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resin is a cationic-urea-formaldehyde resin condensate.

Claim 15

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 13 wherein the resin is an amine-modified urea-formaldehyde thermosetting resin condensate.

Claim 16

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 14 wherein the resin is prepared by the acid condensation of a reaction mixture of urea, formaldehyde and at least one polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N (CnH2nHN) xH

Claim 17

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 13 wherein the resin is prepared by the acid condensation of a reaction mixture of urea, formaldehyde, at least one polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N (CnH2nHN) xH wherein x is an integer of 1 to 5 and n is 2 or 3, and a viscosity lowering additive selected from the class consisting of formaldehyde, methylalcohol, ethylalcohol, normal propylalcohol, isopropylalcohol, tertiary butylalcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerine, furfuryl alcohol dimethylformamide, and wherein additional amounts of the viscosity lowering additive are added after each incipient gellation in order to enable the condensation reaction to be continued to the desired degree of condensation.

Claim 18

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 15 wherein the fluid has a stability of from about 1 week up to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 2 as measured against a standardized solution of a polyhydroxy-polyalkylenepolyurea-formaldehyde condensate thermosetting resin and C.I. Direct Blue 1 dye, and a viscosity in the range of from about 3.0 cps to about 7.0 cps, the surface tension of said fluid being of from about 30 to about 60 dynes/cm, said fluid being substantially free from volatile solvents having a vapor pressure of less than water.

Claim 19

A fibrous web product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 14.

Claim 20

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resin is a resin prEpared by reacting: a. A compound selected from at least one member of the group consisting of amino-carboxylic acids of the formula

Claim 21

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 19 wherein the resin is obtained by reacting e-caprolactam, adipic acid, diethylene triamine and triethylene tetramine and epichlorohydrin.

Claim 22

A fibrous web product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 19.

Claim 23

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resin is a resin prepared by reacting: a. at least one member of the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, diglycolic acid and dithioglycolic acid, with b. at least one member of the group consisting of a polyalkylene polyamine of the formula H2N(RNH)nH where R is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 2 to 5, said polyalkylene polyamine and said dicarboxylic acid being reacted in a mole ratio of from about 0.9:1.0 to about 1.15: 1.0 in an aqueous medium at a temperature of from about 160* to about 210*C; c. converting by means of an inorganic acid the polyaminopolyamide reaction product from steps (a) and (b) to an inorganic acid salt thereof; d. reacting said salt with an alkali cyanate in an aqueous solution to form a polyureide derivative, said cyanate being selected from at least one member of the group consisting of lithium cyanate, sodium cyanate, potassium, thiocyanate, said alkali metal cyanate being reacted with said polyaminopolyamide in mole ratios from about 0.8:1.2 moles of the cyanate per mole of reactive amine, at a temperature of from about 50* to about 80*C; e. reacting the preceding product with an aldehyde selected from at least one member of the class consisting of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and trioxane, said aldehyde being present in an amount such that it is equivalent to from 1:1 to about 3:1, at a temperature of from about 60* to about 90*C.

Claim 24

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 22, wherein the resin is obtained by reacting adipic acid, diethylene, triamine, hydrochloric acid, potassium cyanate and formaldehyde.

Claim 25

A fibrous web product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 22.

Claim 26

A paper tissue product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 1.

Claim 27

A paper towel product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 1.

Claim 28

A low-viscosity printing fluid for the high speed rotogravure intaglio printing of a fibrous web, said printing fluid consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and a water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, and a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F.

Claim 29

A low-viscosity printing fluid for the high speed rotogravure intaglio printing of a fibrous web, said printing fluid consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and a water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, and a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F.

Claim 30

A low-viscosity printing fluid for the rotogravure intaglio printing of an absorbent fibrous web at a velocity up to and in excess of about 5,000 feet per minute, said printing fluid consisting essentially of a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F., and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 31

A low-viscosity printing fluid for the rotogravure intaglio printing of an absorbent fibrous web at a velocity up to and in excess of about 5,000 feet per minute, said printing fluid consisting essentially of a non-dilatant, aqueous solution of a water-soluble, cationic thermosetting resin and an anionic, transparent, water-soluble dye compatible with said resin, said solution being free from particulate contamination and pigmented particles, and said dye and resin mixture having a stability of from about 1 hour to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 4, a viscosity of less than 20 cps. at 77*F., and a surface tension below that of pure water.

Claim 32

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin is a resin prepared by reacting (a) urea, (b) alkylene polyamine, (c) formaldehyde and (d) at least one member of the group consisting of thiourea, dicyandiamide, guanidine and amino triazine.

Claim 33

A low-viscosity printing fluid according to claim 29, wherein the resin is obtained by reacting urea, formaldehyde, diethylene triamine and melamine.

Claim 34

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin is a resin prepared by reacting (a) urea, (b) formaldehyde, (c) an alkylene polyamine of the formula H2N (CmH2mHN) xH wherein x is an integer of 1 to 4 and m is an integer of 2 to 3, (d) at least one member of the group consisting of thiourea, dicyandiamide, guanadine and aminotriazine, in the presence of at least one compound of the class consisting of paraformaldehyde, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohols, ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycols, triethylene glycols, glucose, fururyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethylformamide.

Claim 35

A low-viscosity printing fluid as claimed in claim 31, wherein the fluid has a stability of from about 1 week up to in excess of 4 months, a transference value of from about 0 to about 2 as measured against a standardized solution of polyhydroxypolyalkylenepolyurea-formaldehyde condensate resin and C.I. Direct Blue dye having the transference values of from 0 to about 2, and a viscosity in the range of from about 3.0 cps to about 7.0 cps, the surface tension of said fluid being from about 30 to about 60 dynes/cm, said fluid being substantially free from volatile solvents having a vaPor pressure less than that of water.

Claim 36

A fibrous web product having a permanent print thereon which is derived from a fluid as claimed in claim 29.