US3854893A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Long side chain polymeric flow improvers for waxy hydrocarbon oils
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1972-06-14
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Granted: 1974-12-17
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Expires: 1992-06-14
Abstract
Abstract Combination of two or more oil-soluble, polymeric materials having long linear side chains can be used to improve the flow properties of hydrocarbon oils containing high boiling waxes, such as fuel oils containing residua and crude oils. Examples of these polymeric materials include: condensation polymers of dicarboxylic acid or anhydride, polyol and monocarboxylic acid; addition polymers of: unsaturated esters, or long chain alpha monoolefins, or copolymers of said olefins with said unsaturated ester; polystyrene acylated with long chain fatty acid; etc. The invention also includes a method for formulating said polymer combinations to achieve an optimum effect in oil subject to pour point reversion, by giving samples of the oil containing the individual polymers a series of thermal histories, measuring the pour point of each of said samples to determine Flow Point, i.e., the highest pour point that the oil exhibits, and then blending the polymers to achieve a minimum Flow Point.
Inventors
- 👤 A Rossi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 12:43
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/146; C08; C08L; C08L31/00; C08L31/02; C08L33/00; C08L33/04; C08L33/06; C08L35/00; C08L35/02; C08L2205/00; C08L2205/02; C10L1/16; C10L1/1625; C10L1/1633; C10L1/1641; C10L1/165; C10L1/18; C10L1/192; C10L1/195; C10L1/198; C10L1/1983; C10L1/22; C10L1/234; C10L1/236; C10L1/238
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
183 words
AN OIL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR AMOUNT OF PETROLEUM OIL SELECTTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF RESIDUACONTAINING FUELS BOILING ABOVE 600*F, DISTILLATE FUELS BOILING ABOVE 600*F. AND CRUDE OILS, SAID PETROLEUM OIL BEING IMPROVED IN ITS FLOW POINT BY ABOUT 0.001 TO 2.0 WT. PERCENT OF A SYNERGISTIC MIXTURE OF 10 TO 90 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A FIRST POLYMERIC FLOW IMPROVER WITH 10 TO 90 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A SECOND POLYMERIC FLOW IMPROVER, SAID FLOW IMPROVES HAVING MOLECULAR WEIGHTS IN THE RANGE OF 1400 TO 100,000; SAID FLOW IMPROVERS BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF: A. POLYESTER CONDENSATION PRODUCTS OF 0.8 TO 1.6 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF AN ALKENYL SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE CONTAINING 18 TO 44 LINEAR CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKENYL GROUP WITH 0.8 TO 1.2 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF A C4 TO C12 POLYOL CONTAINING 3 TO 4 HYDROXY GROUPS AND 0.8 TO 1.2 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF A C19 TO C45 SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID, B. ADDITION POLYMERS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF POLYMER OF UNSATURATED ESTER, AND COMPRISING A MAJOR PROPORTION BY WEIGHT OF LONG CHAIN UNSATURATED ESTER REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA:
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
183 words
AN OIL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR AMOUNT OF PETROLEUM OIL SELECTTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF RESIDUACONTAINING FUELS BOILING ABOVE 600*F, DISTILLATE FUELS BOILING ABOVE 600*F. AND CRUDE OILS, SAID PETROLEUM OIL BEING IMPROVED IN ITS FLOW POINT BY ABOUT 0.001 TO 2.0 WT. PERCENT OF A SYNERGISTIC MIXTURE OF 10 TO 90 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A FIRST POLYMERIC FLOW IMPROVER WITH 10 TO 90 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A SECOND POLYMERIC FLOW IMPROVER, SAID FLOW IMPROVES HAVING MOLECULAR WEIGHTS IN THE RANGE OF 1400 TO 100,000; SAID FLOW IMPROVERS BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF: A. POLYESTER CONDENSATION PRODUCTS OF 0.8 TO 1.6 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF AN ALKENYL SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE CONTAINING 18 TO 44 LINEAR CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKENYL GROUP WITH 0.8 TO 1.2 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF A C4 TO C12 POLYOL CONTAINING 3 TO 4 HYDROXY GROUPS AND 0.8 TO 1.2 MOLAR PROPORTIONS OF A C19 TO C45 SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID, B. ADDITION POLYMERS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF POLYMER OF UNSATURATED ESTER, AND COMPRISING A MAJOR PROPORTION BY WEIGHT OF LONG CHAIN UNSATURATED ESTER REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA:
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
56 words
An oil composition according to claim 1, wherein said flow improver (b) is a copolymer of 30 to 70 molar percent of the long chain unsaturated ester of (b) with 30 to 70 molar percent of short chain unsaturated esters of the formula defined in (b) above except that R4 is a C1 to C17 group.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
An oil composition according to claim 1, wherein said oil is said residua-containing fuel, which fuel contains about 35 to 100 wt. percent of residua from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composition according to claim 3, wherein said synergistic mixture is a mixture of said flow improver (a) and said flow improver (b).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition according to claim 3, wherein said mixture is a mixture of said flow improver (a) and said flow improver (c).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition according to claim 3, wherein said mixture is a mixture of said flow improver (b) and said flow improver (c).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
A composition according to claim 4, wherein (a) is the condensation polymer of C30 alkenyl succinic anhydride, pentaerythritol and C20 22 fatty acid; and wherein (b) is a copolymer of dialkyl fumarate and vinyl acetate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composition according to claim 7, wherein (a) is the condensation polymer of C30 alkenyl succinic anhydride, pentaerythritol and C20 22 fatty acid; and wherein (c) is a polymer of C22 28 olefin with maleic anhydride esterified with behenyl alcohol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
A composition according to claim 6, wherein (b) is a copolymer of dialkyl fumarate and vinyl acetate, and (c) is a polymer of C22 28 olefin with maleic anhydride esterified with behenyl alcohol.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
173 words
A method of improving the Flow Point of a waxy petroleum fuel oil containing about 35 to 100 wt. percent residua boiling above 600*F., which comprises forming blends of said oil with at least two different long side chain oil-soluble flow improving polymers characterized by a molecular weight in the range of about 1,400 to 100,000 and at least 25 wt. percent of the polymer weight being in the form of linear alkyl side chains of 18 to 44 carbon atoms, said polymers being selected from the group consisting of: a. polyester condensation product of 0.8 to 1.6 molar proportions of an alkenyl succinic anhydride containing 18 to 44 linear carbon atoms in the alkenyl group with 0.8 to 1.2 molar proportions of a C4 to C12 polyol containing 3 to 4 hydroxy groups and 0.8 to 1.2 molar proportions of a C19 to C45 saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid; b. addition polymers consisting essentially of polymer of unsaturated ester and comprising a major proportion by weight of unsaturated ester represented by the formula:
Claim 12
Independent Claim
173 words
A method of improving the Flow Point of a waxy petroleum fuel oil containing about 35 to 100 wt. percent residua boiling above 600*F., which comprises forming blends of said oil with at least two different long side chain oil-soluble flow improving polymers characterized by a molecular weight in the range of about 1,400 to 100,000 and at least 25 wt. percent of the polymer weight being in the form of linear alkyl side chains of 18 to 44 carbon atoms, said polymers being selected from the group consisting of: a. polyester condensation product of 0.8 to 1.6 molar proportions of an alkenyl succinic anhydride containing 18 to 44 linear carbon atoms in the alkenyl group with 0.8 to 1.2 molar proportions of a C4 to C12 polyol containing 3 to 4 hydroxy groups and 0.8 to 1.2 molar proportions of a C19 to C45 saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid; b. addition polymers consisting essentially of polymer of unsaturated ester and comprising a major proportion by weight of unsaturated ester represented by the formula:
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-12-16 | 1978-06-17 | 1978-12-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-12-16 | 1982-06-17 | 1982-12-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-12-16 | 1986-06-17 | 1986-12-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |