Process for the removal of particulate matter and acidic gases from carrier gases

Claim 2

A PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTICULATE MATTER FROM A CARRIER GAS COMPRISING DRIVING THE CARRIER GAS THROUGH AN ELONGATE MIXING TUBE AND FORMING A TURBULENT MIXTURE OF STEAM, ATOMIZED WATER AND PARTICULATE-CONTAINING CARRIER GAS IN SAID MIXING TUBE BY (A) CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLYING PRESSURIZED STEAM TO THE INLET OF THE NOZZLE OF A STEAM EJECTOR AND EXPANDING SAID STEAM THROUGH SAID NOZZLE TO FORM A JET OF SAID STEAM DIRECTED INTO THE MIXING TUBE, (B) FORMING A SERIES OF JET SPRAYS OF RELATIVELY COLD AQUEOUS LIQUID IN A FIRST ATOMIZED CONDITION DISPOSED CIRCUMFERENTIALLY ABOUT THE JET OF STEAM EMERGING FROM SAID NOZZLE AND (C) FURTHER ATOMIZING SAID AQUEOUS LIQUID BY DIRECTING SAID JET SPRAYS INTO THE OUTER REGIONS OF SAID JET OF STEAM; FURTHER MIXING THE PARTICULATE-CONTAINING CARRIER GAS WITH SAID FURTHER ATOMIZED AQUEOUS LIIQUID AND SAID STEAM WITHIN THE MIXING TUBE, AND SO REGULATING THE FLOW OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE THROUGH SAID MIXING TUBE AS TO PROVIDE RETENTION TIME OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE IN SAID MIXING TUBE SUFFICIENT FOR THE FORMATION OF AQUEOUS DROPLETS AND ENTRAINMENT OF SAID PARTICULATE MATTER IN SAID DROPLETS AND FOR GROWTH IN SIZE OF SAID PARTICULATE-CONTAINING AQUEOUS DROPLESTS, AND THEREAFTER SEPARATING SAID PARTICULATE-CONTAINING AQUEOUS DROPLETS THUS GROWN IN SIZE FROM THE REMAINDER OF SAID CARRIER GAS.

Claim 3

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 4

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 5

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the oUter regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerating the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 6

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the oUter regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerating the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 7

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said particulate-containing carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 8

A process for the removal of particulate matter from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and particulate-containing carrier gas in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the particulate-containing carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for the formation of aqueous droplets and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said particulate-containing aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said particulate-containing aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said particulate-containing carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 9

A PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTICULATE MATTER AND GASEOUS SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM A CARRIER GAS COMPRISING DRIVING THE CARRIER GAS THROUGH AN ELONGATE MIXING TUBE AND FORMING A TURBULENT MMIXTURE OF STEAM, ATOMIZED WATER AND CARRIER GAS CONTAINING PARTICULATE MATTER AND GASEOUS SULFUR DIOXIDE IN SAID MIXING TUBE BY (A) CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLYING PRESSURIZED STEAM TO THE INLET OF THE NOZZLE OF A STEAM EJECTOR AND EXPANDING SAID STEAM THROUGH SAID NOZZLE TO FORM A JET OF SAID STEAM DIRECTED INTO THE MIXING TUBE, (B) FORMING A SERIES OF JET SPRAYS OF RELATIVELY COLD AQUEOUS LIQUID CONTAINING AN ALKALINE REAGENT IN A FIRST ATOMIZED CONDITION DISPOSED CIRCUMFERENTIALY ABOUT THE JET OF STEAM EMERGING FROM SAID NOZZLE AND (C) FURTHER ATOMIZING SAID AQUEOUS LIQUID CONTAINING SAID ALKALINE REAGENT BY DIRECTING SAID JET SPRAYS INTO THE OUTER REGIONS OF SAID JET OF STEAM; FURTHER MIXING THE CARRIER GAS WITH SAID FURTHER ATOMIZED AQUEOUS LIQUID AND SAID STEAM WITHIN THE MIXING TUBE, AND SO REGULATING THE FLOW OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE THROUGH SAID MIXING TUBE AS TO PROVIDE RETENTION TIME OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE IN SAID MIXING TUBE SUFFICIENT FOR REACTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN SAID CARRIER GAS WITH SAID ALKALINE REAGENT FOR THE FORMATION OF AQUEOUS DROPLETS OF SULFURCONTAINING REACTION PRODUCTS AND ENTRAINMENT OF SAID PARTICULATE MATTER IN SAID DROPLETS AND FOR GROWTH IN SIZE OF SAID DROPLETS, AND THEREAFTER SEPARATING SAID DROPLETS THUS GROWN IN SIZE FROM THE REMAINDER OF SAID CARRIER GAS.

Claim 10

A PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTICULATE MATTER AND GASEOUS SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM A CARRIER GAS COMPRISING DRIVING THE CARRIER GAS THROUGH AN ELONGATE MIXING TUBE AND FORMING A TURBULENT MMIXTURE OF STEAM, ATOMIZED WATER AND CARRIER GAS CONTAINING PARTICULATE MATTER AND GASEOUS SULFUR DIOXIDE IN SAID MIXING TUBE BY (A) CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLYING PRESSURIZED STEAM TO THE INLET OF THE NOZZLE OF A STEAM EJECTOR AND EXPANDING SAID STEAM THROUGH SAID NOZZLE TO FORM A JET OF SAID STEAM DIRECTED INTO THE MIXING TUBE, (B) FORMING A SERIES OF JET SPRAYS OF RELATIVELY COLD AQUEOUS LIQUID CONTAINING AN ALKALINE REAGENT IN A FIRST ATOMIZED CONDITION DISPOSED CIRCUMFERENTIALY ABOUT THE JET OF STEAM EMERGING FROM SAID NOZZLE AND (C) FURTHER ATOMIZING SAID AQUEOUS LIQUID CONTAINING SAID ALKALINE REAGENT BY DIRECTING SAID JET SPRAYS INTO THE OUTER REGIONS OF SAID JET OF STEAM; FURTHER MIXING THE CARRIER GAS WITH SAID FURTHER ATOMIZED AQUEOUS LIQUID AND SAID STEAM WITHIN THE MIXING TUBE, AND SO REGULATING THE FLOW OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE THROUGH SAID MIXING TUBE AS TO PROVIDE RETENTION TIME OF SAID TURBULENT MIXTURE IN SAID MIXING TUBE SUFFICIENT FOR REACTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN SAID CARRIER GAS WITH SAID ALKALINE REAGENT FOR THE FORMATION OF AQUEOUS DROPLETS OF SULFURCONTAINING REACTION PRODUCTS AND ENTRAINMENT OF SAID PARTICULATE MATTER IN SAID DROPLETS AND FOR GROWTH IN SIZE OF SAID DROPLETS, AND THEREAFTER SEPARATING SAID DROPLETS THUS GROWN IN SIZE FROM THE REMAINDER OF SAID CARRIER GAS.

Claim 11

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 12

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 13

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous-sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the outer regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerAting the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 14

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous-sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the outer regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerAting the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 15

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 16

A process for the removal of particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and gaseous sulfur dioxide in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an alkaline reagent in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of sulfur dioxide in said carrier gas with said alkaline reagent for the formation of aqueous droplets of sulfur-containing reaction products and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 17

A process in accordance with claim 1 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid are directed into said outer regions of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 18

A process in accordance with claim 2 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid are directed into said surrounding region of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 19

A process in accordance with claim 3 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid are directed into said outer regions of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 20

A process in accordaNce with claim 4 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid are directed into said surrounding region of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 21

A process in accordance with claim 5 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid containing alkaline reagent are directed into said outer regions of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 22

A process in accordance with claim 6 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent are directed into said surrounding region of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 23

A process in accordance with claim 7 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent are directed into said outer regions of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 24

A process in accordance with claim 8 in which said jet sprays of aqueous liquid containing said alkaline reagent are directed into said surrounding region of said jet of steam in positions closely adjacent to the exit of said steam jet from said nozzle of said steam ejector.

Claim 25

A process in accordance with claim 5 in which said alkaline reagent consists essentially of at least one of the reagents selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.

Claim 26

A process in accordance with claim 6 in which said alkaline reagent consists essentially of at least one of the reagents selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.

Claim 27

A process in accordance with claim 7 in which said alkaline reagent consists essentially of at least one of the reagents selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.

Claim 28

A process in accordance with claim 8 in which said alkaline reagent consists essentially of at least one of the reagents selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.

Claim 29

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into the outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 30

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into the outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 31

A process in accordance with claim 21 in which said oxidant comprises potassium permanganate.

Claim 32

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas contAining particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of nonuniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 33

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas contAining particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of nonuniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 34

A process in accordance with claim 23 in which said oxidant comprises potassium permanganate.

Claim 35

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the outer regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerating the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 36

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors from a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate cylindrical mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and expanding in generally conical configuration through a portion of the length of said mixing tube and extending to a point within said mixing tube where the outer regions of said jet of steam still moving at supersonic velocity engage the inner surface of said mixing tube to hook up with said mixing tube thus to drive said carrier gas and steam at a decreasing velocity through a portion of the length of said mixing tube into a portion of the length of said mixing tube wherein at least one shock wave region exists, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing and accelerating the droplets of said atomized aqueous liquid to a velocity level above the speed of the particulate in said carrier gas by directing said jet sprays into said outer regions of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said droplets of aqueous liquid moving at accelerated speed and said steam within the mixing tube to cause multitudinous collisions between said droplets and said particulate, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture within said portion of said mixing tube in which driving at decreasing speed occurs and said portion of said mixing tube wherein said shock-wave region exists sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas.

Claim 37

A process in accordance with claim 25 in which said oxidant comprises potassium permanganate.

Claim 38

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors fRom a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said particulate-containing carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 39

A process for the removal of particulate matter and organic odors fRom a carrier gas comprising driving the carrier gas through an elongate mixing tube and forming a turbulent mixture of steam, atomized water and carrier gas containing particulate matter and organic odors in said mixing tube by (a) continuously supplying pressurized steam to the inlet of the nozzle of a steam ejector and expanding said steam through said nozzle to form a jet of said steam directed into the mixing tube at supersonic velocity and having a central region of uniform velocity and a surrounding region of non-uniform transverse velocity profile, (b) forming a series of jet sprays of relatively cold aqueous liquid containing an oxidant in a first atomized condition disposed circumferentially about the jet of steam emerging from said nozzle and (c) further atomizing said aqueous liquid containing said oxidant by directing said jet sprays into said surrounding region of said jet of steam; further mixing the carrier gas with said further atomized aqueous liquid and said steam within the mixing tube, and so regulating the flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube as to provide retention time of said turbulent mixture in said mixing tube sufficient for reaction of organic odors in said carrier gas with said oxidant for the formation of aqueous droplets containing reaction products of said organic odors and entrainment of said particulate matter in said droplets and for growth in size of said aqueous droplets, and thereafter separating said aqueous droplets thus grown in size from the remainder of said carrier gas; said regulating of flow of said turbulent mixture through said mixing tube being effected by (a) regulating the rate of supply of steam to said nozzle to establish desired volumetric rate of driving of said particulate-containing carrier gas through said mixing tube, and (b) regulating the volumetric rate of flow of said aqueous liquid through said series of jet sprays in accordance with any variations in the characteristics such as quantity and particle sizes of said particulate matter carried by said carrier gas.

Claim 40

A process in accordance with claim 27 in which said oxidant comprises potassium permanganate.