Abstract 1. IN A METHOD FOR THE SINGLE STAGE CONVERSION OF A CARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID CONTAINING FROM 8 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, TO THE CORRESPONDING NITRILE BY REACTION WITH GASEOUS AMMONIA IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: (A) REACTING A DOWNWARDLY MOVING STREAM OF AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, WITH AN UPWARDLY MOVING COUNTERCURRENT STREAM OF GASEOUS AMMONIA, IN A SINGLE STAGE REACTION ZONE, THE MOLAR RATIO OF AMMONIA TO ACID BEING BETWEEN 1:1 AND ABOUT 3:1, IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE RESIDENCE TIME OF SAID REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BEING BETWEEN ABOUT 10 AND ABOUT 60 MINUTES; (B) MAINTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BETWEEN ABOUT 300*C. AND ABOUT 380*C., THE NITRILE FORMED REMAINING IN THE LIQUID STATE, THE TEMPERATURE AND FLOW RATE OF THE GASEOUS AMMONIA BEING EFFECTIVE TO MAINTAIN THE WATER FORMED IN THE REACTION IN THE VAPOR STATE AND TO EFFECT REDUCED BACKMIXING OF THE WATER AND ITS REMOVAL FROM THE REACTION STAGE WITH SUBSTANTIALLY NO CONDENSATION THEREOF AND SUBSTANTIALLY TO RECIRCULATION OR BACK-FLOW OF LIQUID PHASES IN THE REACTION SYSTEM.
Inventors
👤 G Lichtenwalter
👤 E Hammerberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number—
JurisdictionUS
Data Sourcegoogle_patents
Last Synchronized2026-11-03 12:17
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C253/00; C07C253/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 2
Claim 1
Independent Claim
222 words
IN A METHOD FOR THE SINGLE STAGE CONVERSION OF A CARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID CONTAINING FROM 8 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, TO THE CORRESPONDING NITRILE BY REACTION WITH GASEOUS AMMONIA IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: (A) REACTING A DOWNWARDLY MOVING STREAM OF AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, WITH AN UPWARDLY MOVING COUNTERCURRENT STREAM OF GASEOUS AMMONIA, IN A SINGLE STAGE REACTION ZONE, THE MOLAR RATIO OF AMMONIA TO ACID BEING BETWEEN 1:1 AND ABOUT 3:1, IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE RESIDENCE TIME OF SAID REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BEING BETWEEN ABOUT 10 AND ABOUT 60 MINUTES; (B) MAINTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BETWEEN ABOUT 300*C. AND ABOUT 380*C., THE NITRILE FORMED REMAINING IN THE LIQUID STATE, THE TEMPERATURE AND FLOW RATE OF THE GASEOUS AMMONIA BEING EFFECTIVE TO MAINTAIN THE WATER FORMED IN THE REACTION IN THE VAPOR STATE AND TO EFFECT REDUCED BACKMIXING OF THE WATER AND ITS REMOVAL FROM THE REACTION STAGE WITH SUBSTANTIALLY NO CONDENSATION THEREOF AND SUBSTANTIALLY TO RECIRCULATION OR BACK-FLOW OF LIQUID PHASES IN THE REACTION SYSTEM.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
222 words
IN A METHOD FOR THE SINGLE STAGE CONVERSION OF A CARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID CONTAINING FROM 8 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, TO THE CORRESPONDING NITRILE BY REACTION WITH GASEOUS AMMONIA IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: (A) REACTING A DOWNWARDLY MOVING STREAM OF AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A FATTY ACID, A TALL OIL ACID, AND PHENYLSTEARIC ACID, IN THE LIQUID STATE, WITH AN UPWARDLY MOVING COUNTERCURRENT STREAM OF GASEOUS AMMONIA, IN A SINGLE STAGE REACTION ZONE, THE MOLAR RATIO OF AMMONIA TO ACID BEING BETWEEN 1:1 AND ABOUT 3:1, IN THE PRESENCE OF A DEHYDRATION CATALYST, THE RESIDENCE TIME OF SAID REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BEING BETWEEN ABOUT 10 AND ABOUT 60 MINUTES; (B) MAINTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTANTS IN SAID ZONE BETWEEN ABOUT 300*C. AND ABOUT 380*C., THE NITRILE FORMED REMAINING IN THE LIQUID STATE, THE TEMPERATURE AND FLOW RATE OF THE GASEOUS AMMONIA BEING EFFECTIVE TO MAINTAIN THE WATER FORMED IN THE REACTION IN THE VAPOR STATE AND TO EFFECT REDUCED BACKMIXING OF THE WATER AND ITS REMOVAL FROM THE REACTION STAGE WITH SUBSTANTIALLY NO CONDENSATION THEREOF AND SUBSTANTIALLY TO RECIRCULATION OR BACK-FLOW OF LIQUID PHASES IN THE REACTION SYSTEM.