Patent US3849178A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3849178A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Thermal protective process and article coated with thermal protective composition
Assignee: TSI Inc
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Filing: 1972-04-10
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Granted: 1974-11-19
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Expires: 1992-04-10
Abstract
Abstract An improved temperature control composition which when heated above a predetermined temperature range maintains its substrate in that temperature range by undergoing a highly endothermic transition from a solid to a vapor and intumescing to form a continuous porosity (open cell) matrix through which the vapor is forced. A preferred composition is based on the reaction product of a silicate with an amine salt. The composition may be manufactured in sprayable, brushable, trowelable or castable consistencies. It may also be integrated into a structural matrix, such as by incorporation or injection into a honeycomb structure, to produce a self functioning entity. The vapor is capable of undergoing endothermic decomposition at a temperature which it may reach within or adjacent the matrix. Certain additives may be included in the composition to alter its physical and chemical properties.
Inventors
- 👤 R Feldman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 13:01
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D5/00; C09D5/18; C09D5/185; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24149; Y10T428/24157
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
70 words
A PROCESS OF PROTECTING AT LEAST A PART OF AN ELEMENT FROM FLAME OR EXTREME THERMAL CONDITIONS COMPRISING APPLYING TO SAID PART OF SAID ELEMENT A PROTECTIVE COMPOSITION, AT LEAST A SUBSTANTIAL PART OF SAID COMPOSITION INTUMESCING TO FORM A CONTINUOUS POROSITY MATRIX AND UNDERGOING AN ENDOTHERMIC PHASE CHANGE FROM A SOLID TO A VAPOR IN A WELL-DEFINED PREDETERMINED TEMPERATURE RANGE BELOW THE TEMPERATURE OF SAID FLAME OR THERMAL EXTREME.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
70 words
A PROCESS OF PROTECTING AT LEAST A PART OF AN ELEMENT FROM FLAME OR EXTREME THERMAL CONDITIONS COMPRISING APPLYING TO SAID PART OF SAID ELEMENT A PROTECTIVE COMPOSITION, AT LEAST A SUBSTANTIAL PART OF SAID COMPOSITION INTUMESCING TO FORM A CONTINUOUS POROSITY MATRIX AND UNDERGOING AN ENDOTHERMIC PHASE CHANGE FROM A SOLID TO A VAPOR IN A WELL-DEFINED PREDETERMINED TEMPERATURE RANGE BELOW THE TEMPERATURE OF SAID FLAME OR THERMAL EXTREME.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the phase change is directly from a solid state to a vapor.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said vapor undergoes endothermic decomposition at a temperature above said predetermined temperature and below the temperature of said thermal extreme or flame.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a binder portion of said protective composition softens at a temperature at least about as great as the temperature at which another portion undergoes a phase change.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said composition comprises a binder and a silicate salt of the reaction product of an organic amine and a strong mineral acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said organic amine is an aromatic amine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said aromatic amine is p-nitroaniline.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said part of said element is cellulose.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the protective composition is applied to the part by coating a surface of the part with the protective composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the protective composition intumesces and undergoes an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor at a temperature of from about 200*F to about 1,000*F.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for protecting at least a part of an element from flame or extreme thermal conditions comprising applying to said part of said element a protective composition, said composition comprising first means for undergoing an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor in a well-defined predetermined temperature range below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme, and binder means for binding said composition to said substrate and for softening in said temperature range to form with said first means an intumesced continuous porosity matrix through which said vapor passes to reach the ambient.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for protecting at least a part of an element from flame or extreme thermal conditions comprising applying to said part of said element a protective composition, said composition comprising first means for undergoing an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor in a well-defined predetermined temperature range below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme, and binder means for binding said composition to said substrate and for softening in said temperature range to form with said first means an intumesced continuous porosity matrix through which said vapor passes to reach the ambient.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 further comprising curing said protective composition at a temperature below said predetermined temperature range.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the predetermined temperature range is chosen to be no less than about 200*F and no greater than about 1,000*F.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the binder means comprise a thermoplastic organic resin.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the binder means is an aqueous silicate solution.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said first means comprise the reaction product of an aqueous silicate with a product formed by reaction of an aromatic amine with an acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the amine is p-nitro aniline.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the acid is chosen from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the silicate is chosen from the group consisting of unsubstituted silicates, aluminosilicates and silicotitanates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said predetermined temperature range is chosen to be no less than about 200*F and no greater than about 550*F.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
62 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said first means comprise the reaction product of an aqueous silicate Taken from the group consisting of unsubstituted silicates, aluminosilicates and silicotitanates, with a product formed by the reaction of an aromatic amine taken from the group consisting of p-nitroaniline and p-phenylenediamine with an acid chosen from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said first means sublimes in said predetermined temperature range.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 22 wherein said first means decompose endothermically at a temperature above its sublimation temperature but below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
101 words
An article of manufacture comprising a substrate and a thermal protective composition applied to said substrate for protecting said substrate from fire or thermal extreme, said composition comprising first means for undergoing an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor in a well-defined predetermined temperature range below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme, and binder means for binding said composition to said substrate and for softening at a temperature below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme to form with said first means a continuous porosity matrix through which said vapor passes to reach the ambient.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
101 words
An article of manufacture comprising a substrate and a thermal protective composition applied to said substrate for protecting said substrate from fire or thermal extreme, said composition comprising first means for undergoing an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor in a well-defined predetermined temperature range below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme, and binder means for binding said composition to said substrate and for softening at a temperature below the temperature of said flame or thermal extreme to form with said first means a continuous porosity matrix through which said vapor passes to reach the ambient.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
10 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said substrate is cellulosic.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
57 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said composition is applied as a coating to said substrate, and including a coating of a material having a higher reflectivity to infra red rays than said composition, applied over said composition and bonded thereto, said coating being permeable to said vapor at a temperature at which said phase change occurs.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said vapor undergoes endothermic decomposition at a temperature above said predetermined temperature and below the temperature of said thermal extreme or flame.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said binder means softens at a temperature at least about as great as the temperature at which said first means undergoes a phase change.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said first means comprise a silicate salt of the reaction product of an organic amine and a strong mineral acid.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article of claim 29 wherein said organic amine is an aromatic amine.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
The article of claim 30 wherein said aromatic amine is p-nitroaniline.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of claim 30 wherein the protective composition intumesces and undergoes an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor at a temperature of from about 200*F to about 550*F.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said binder means comprise a silicate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said binder means comprise an organic resin.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of claim 24 wherein the protective composition intumesces and undergoes an endothermic phase change from a solid to a vapor at a temperature of from about 200*F to about 1,000*F.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
62 words
The article of claim 24 wherein said first means comprise the reaction product of an aqueous silicate taken from the group consisting of unsubstituted silicates, aluminosilicates and silicotitanates, with a product formed by the reaction of an aromatic amine taken from the group consisting of p-nitroaniline and p-phenylenediamine with an acid chosen from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-11-18 | 1978-05-20 | 1978-11-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-11-18 | 1982-05-20 | 1982-11-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-11-18 | 1986-05-20 | 1986-11-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |