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US3846981A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Emission control process and system
Assignee: Nanaimo Enviro Systems Corp
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Filing: 1973-06-04
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Granted: 1974-11-12
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Expires: 1993-06-04
Abstract
Abstract An emission control system is disclosed for reducing gaseous emissions contained in exhaust gases from combustion processes, whether internal or external. The system is applicable to the exhaust systems of wheeled vehicles, stationary internal combustion engines, diesel engines and external combustion systems. The system is primarily useful in the removal of nitrogen oxides from combustion exhaust gases. The combustion gases containing oxides of nitrogen are contacted with a nitrogen-containing compound or compounds which provide nascent hydrogen, an electron acceptor, resulting in reduction of the oxides of nitrogen. Ammonia, hydrazine, primary, secondary and tertiary amines are exemplary of the compounds which may be used. An oxidation unit is preferably used in conjunction with the system for reduction of oxides of nitrogen to substantially reduce unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide contained in the combustion exhaust gases. Combustion exhaust gases from an internal or external combustion process, containing unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen, are introduced into an oxidation unit, catalytic or thermal, wherein the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. The gases exiting from the oxidation zone are then contacted with a nitrogen-containing compound or compounds which react with the nitrogen oxides. For wheeled vehicles the emission control system is connected to the ignition lock assemkly so that, when the ignition is turned on, the emission control system is activated.
Inventors
- 👤 M Paczkowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 20:49
CPC Classifications
F; F01; F01N; F01N3/00; F01N3/08; F01N3/10; F01N3/18; F01N3/20; F01N3/206; B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/92; B01D53/922; B01D53/927; F01N2610/00; F01N2610/02; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A50/00; Y02A50/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 5
Claim 1
Independent Claim
274 words
An emission control system for fitting onto a wheeled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine for reducing the amounts of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gases, comprising: a high temperature unit having a non-catalytic combustion zone in the forward end thereof, means for injecting air and fuel in a predetermined ratio into the combustion zone, ignition means in the combustion zone igniting the fuel-air mixture, a first conduit communicating with the forward end of the combustion zone for the introduction of exhaust gases containing unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen, the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide being oxidized in the combustion zone to carbon dioxide and water, baffle means in the combustion zone controlling flow of the exhaust gases therethrough, a perforated tubular member within the combustion zone surrounding the flame front resulting from combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion zone, a second conduit communicating with the combustion zone providing an exit for the hot oxidized gases, blower means communicating with the second conduit injecting ambient air into the hot oxidized gases exiting from the combustion zone to cool them, and means injecting regulated amounts of nitrogen-containing compound into the cooled gas stream to react with the oxides of nitrogen, converting them to nitrogen gas and water, said means including (1) a storage vessel for the nitrogen-containing compound, (2) a nozzle positioned in the stream of exhaust gases exiting from the combustion zone, (3) a conduit connecting the nozzle and storage vessel, and (4) valve means regulating the amount of nitrogen-containing compound injected into the exhaust gases through the conduit and nozzle.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
274 words
An emission control system for fitting onto a wheeled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine for reducing the amounts of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gases, comprising: a high temperature unit having a non-catalytic combustion zone in the forward end thereof, means for injecting air and fuel in a predetermined ratio into the combustion zone, ignition means in the combustion zone igniting the fuel-air mixture, a first conduit communicating with the forward end of the combustion zone for the introduction of exhaust gases containing unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen, the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide being oxidized in the combustion zone to carbon dioxide and water, baffle means in the combustion zone controlling flow of the exhaust gases therethrough, a perforated tubular member within the combustion zone surrounding the flame front resulting from combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion zone, a second conduit communicating with the combustion zone providing an exit for the hot oxidized gases, blower means communicating with the second conduit injecting ambient air into the hot oxidized gases exiting from the combustion zone to cool them, and means injecting regulated amounts of nitrogen-containing compound into the cooled gas stream to react with the oxides of nitrogen, converting them to nitrogen gas and water, said means including (1) a storage vessel for the nitrogen-containing compound, (2) a nozzle positioned in the stream of exhaust gases exiting from the combustion zone, (3) a conduit connecting the nozzle and storage vessel, and (4) valve means regulating the amount of nitrogen-containing compound injected into the exhaust gases through the conduit and nozzle.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
274 words
An emission control system for fitting onto a wheeled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine for reducing the amounts of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gases, comprising: a high temperature unit having a non-catalytic combustion zone in the forward end thereof, means for injecting air and fuel in a predetermined ratio into the combustion zone, ignition means in the combustion zone igniting the fuel-air mixture, a first conduit communicating with the forward end of the combustion zone for the introduction of exhaust gases containing unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen, the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide being oxidized in the combustion zone to carbon dioxide and water, baffle means in the combustion zone controlling flow of the exhaust gases therethrough, a perforated tubular member within the combustion zone surrounding the flame front resulting from combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion zone, a second conduit communicating with the combustion zone providing an exit for the hot oxidized gases, blower means communicating with the second conduit injecting ambient air into the hot oxidized gases exiting from the combustion zone to cool them, and means injecting regulated amounts of nitrogen-containing compound into the cooled gas stream to react with the oxides of nitrogen, converting them to nitrogen gas and water, said means including (1) a storage vessel for the nitrogen-containing compound, (2) a nozzle positioned in the stream of exhaust gases exiting from the combustion zone, (3) a conduit connecting the nozzle and storage vessel, and (4) valve means regulating the amount of nitrogen-containing compound injected into the exhaust gases through the conduit and nozzle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
274 words
An emission control system for fitting onto a wheeled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine for reducing the amounts of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gases, comprising: a high temperature unit having a non-catalytic combustion zone in the forward end thereof, means for injecting air and fuel in a predetermined ratio into the combustion zone, ignition means in the combustion zone igniting the fuel-air mixture, a first conduit communicating with the forward end of the combustion zone for the introduction of exhaust gases containing unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen, the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide being oxidized in the combustion zone to carbon dioxide and water, baffle means in the combustion zone controlling flow of the exhaust gases therethrough, a perforated tubular member within the combustion zone surrounding the flame front resulting from combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion zone, a second conduit communicating with the combustion zone providing an exit for the hot oxidized gases, blower means communicating with the second conduit injecting ambient air into the hot oxidized gases exiting from the combustion zone to cool them, and means injecting regulated amounts of nitrogen-containing compound into the cooled gas stream to react with the oxides of nitrogen, converting them to nitrogen gas and water, said means including (1) a storage vessel for the nitrogen-containing compound, (2) a nozzle positioned in the stream of exhaust gases exiting from the combustion zone, (3) a conduit connecting the nozzle and storage vessel, and (4) valve means regulating the amount of nitrogen-containing compound injected into the exhaust gases through the conduit and nozzle.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
54 words
The emission control system of claim 1 incuding a temperature sensor in the combustion zone of the high temperature unit, a valve controlling fuel flow to the combustion zone of the high temperature unit activated by the temperature sensor, and means controlling the valve means responsive to the the temperature in the combustion zone.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-11-11 | 1978-05-13 | 1978-11-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-11-11 | 1982-05-13 | 1982-11-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-11-11 | 1986-05-13 | 1986-11-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |