Patent US3844765A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3844765A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Direct reduction method using inductive heating
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1973-03-06
•
Granted: 1974-10-29
•
Expires: 1993-03-06
Abstract
Abstract A direct reduction apparatus having a means for briquetting oxide ores of iron, manganese, chrome, and copper, with a powdered coal tar pitch, means for caramelizing (hardening) the briquettes for ease of handling, subjecting the caramelized briquettes to a first temperature source until said briquettes are partially reduced to conductivity, their dimensions are substantially reduced and subsequently reducing said briquettes by subjecting them to a frequency electric induction induced heat source.
Inventors
- 👤 J Baum
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 20:28
CPC Classifications
C; C21; C21B; C21B13/00; C21B13/14; C22; C22B; C22B1/00; C22B1/14; C22B1/24; C22B1/242; C22B1/244
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
253 words
A DIRECT REDUCTION PROCESS COMPRISING THE STEPS OF PROVIDING METAL ORE CONCENTRATION IN FINELY DIVIDED FORM SAID METAL BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF IRON, COPPER, MANGANESE AND CHROMIUM, INTERMIXING AT LEAST ONE OF SAID ORE CONCENTRTES INTIMATELY WITH A FINELY DIVIDED THERMOSETTING REDUCTANT-BINDER AND SIX PERCENT MOISTURE, PRESSING THE INTERMIXTURE OF ORE CONCENTRATE MOISTURE, REDUCTANT-BINDER AND CARBON INTO HARD AND DENSE BRIQUETTES HAVING DIMENSIONS OF AT LEAST TWO OR MORE INCHES IN DIAMETER AND TWO OR MORE INCHES IN HEIGHT HEATING SAID BRIQUETTES TO A TEMPERATURE RANGE OF FROM 300*F TO 525*F THERBY DRIVING OFF MOISTURE AND VOLATILE MATERIAL FROM SAID BRIQUETTES AND CARAMELIZING THE REDUCTANT-BINDER TO FORM A TOUGH, HARD BRIQUETTE OF SUFFICIENT STRENGTH TO BE HANDLED BY CONVENTIONAL MEANS INSERTING SAID BRIQUETTES AND CARAMELIZING THE REDUCHEATING SAID BRIQUETTES WITHIN SAID TUBE IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN TO A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 1,800*F THEREBY CAUSING THE CARAMELIZED CARBONACEOUS TO REDUCTANT-BINDING TO REACT WOTH THE OXIDE ORE CONCENTRATE TO REDUCE SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE LATTER TO FREE METAL IN FINELY DIVIDED FORM AND TO AGGLOMETATE THE FINELY DIVIDED FREE METAL PARTICLES INTO A BRIQUETTE WHOSE SIZE HAS BEEN SUBSTANITALLY DIMINISHED TO UP TO FIFTY PERCENT OF ITS FORMER VOLUME, SAID BRIQUETTE HAVING LOW POROSITY, HIGH DENSITY AND HIGHLY IMPROVED ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY, AND INSERTING OR TRANSFERING SAID BRIQUETTES OF DIMINISHED SIZE DIRECTLY WHILE HOT INTO A SECOND TUBE AND HEATING THE SAME BY MEANS OF AN ELECTRIC INDUCTION COIL TO A TEMPERATURE RANGING FROM EITHER 1,900*F TO 2,150*F OR 2,350*F TO 2,750*F.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
253 words
A DIRECT REDUCTION PROCESS COMPRISING THE STEPS OF PROVIDING METAL ORE CONCENTRATION IN FINELY DIVIDED FORM SAID METAL BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF IRON, COPPER, MANGANESE AND CHROMIUM, INTERMIXING AT LEAST ONE OF SAID ORE CONCENTRTES INTIMATELY WITH A FINELY DIVIDED THERMOSETTING REDUCTANT-BINDER AND SIX PERCENT MOISTURE, PRESSING THE INTERMIXTURE OF ORE CONCENTRATE MOISTURE, REDUCTANT-BINDER AND CARBON INTO HARD AND DENSE BRIQUETTES HAVING DIMENSIONS OF AT LEAST TWO OR MORE INCHES IN DIAMETER AND TWO OR MORE INCHES IN HEIGHT HEATING SAID BRIQUETTES TO A TEMPERATURE RANGE OF FROM 300*F TO 525*F THERBY DRIVING OFF MOISTURE AND VOLATILE MATERIAL FROM SAID BRIQUETTES AND CARAMELIZING THE REDUCTANT-BINDER TO FORM A TOUGH, HARD BRIQUETTE OF SUFFICIENT STRENGTH TO BE HANDLED BY CONVENTIONAL MEANS INSERTING SAID BRIQUETTES AND CARAMELIZING THE REDUCHEATING SAID BRIQUETTES WITHIN SAID TUBE IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN TO A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 1,800*F THEREBY CAUSING THE CARAMELIZED CARBONACEOUS TO REDUCTANT-BINDING TO REACT WOTH THE OXIDE ORE CONCENTRATE TO REDUCE SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE LATTER TO FREE METAL IN FINELY DIVIDED FORM AND TO AGGLOMETATE THE FINELY DIVIDED FREE METAL PARTICLES INTO A BRIQUETTE WHOSE SIZE HAS BEEN SUBSTANITALLY DIMINISHED TO UP TO FIFTY PERCENT OF ITS FORMER VOLUME, SAID BRIQUETTE HAVING LOW POROSITY, HIGH DENSITY AND HIGHLY IMPROVED ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY, AND INSERTING OR TRANSFERING SAID BRIQUETTES OF DIMINISHED SIZE DIRECTLY WHILE HOT INTO A SECOND TUBE AND HEATING THE SAME BY MEANS OF AN ELECTRIC INDUCTION COIL TO A TEMPERATURE RANGING FROM EITHER 1,900*F TO 2,150*F OR 2,350*F TO 2,750*F.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said second tube is of an electrically conductive material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein the heating in said first tube results from the burning of a combustible fuel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The invention of claim 3 wherein a portion of the heat about said first tube is recycled to form a part of the heat required to caramelize the briquettes.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said second tube is of an electrically non-conductive material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention of claim 5 wherein said first and second tubes are continuous and coaxial.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said second tube has an outer surface of a material having a high degree of resistance to damage from heat and an inner layer of conductive material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The invention of claim 7 wherein said inner layer is graphite.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-28 | 1978-04-29 | 1978-10-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-28 | 1982-04-29 | 1982-10-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-28 | 1986-04-29 | 1986-10-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |