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US3842656A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Determining particle density using known material hugeniot curves
Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Filing: 1973-06-05
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Granted: 1974-10-22
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Expires: 1993-06-05
Abstract
Abstract A method is detailed to determine the density of particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material. Either the shockwave velocity or the material velocity produced in the plate upon impact by an unknown material particle is determined and compared with the corresponding shockwave or material velocity that would be produced by different known material particles having the same closing velocity upon impact with the plate. The unknown material particle density is derived by obtaining a coincidence of the shockwave velocity or material velocity conditions initially produced upon impact between the known material plate and one of the different material particles and from the fact that shockwave velocity and material velocity are ordered on the impacting particle material density alone.
Inventors
- 👤 Battista J Di
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 15:41
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N9/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 4
Claim 1
Independent Claim
269 words
A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by making use of the facts that material velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same material velocity in the same material plate; by comparing the material velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the material velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence between the unknown particle material velocity in the plate and a known particle material velocity in the plate; and, measuring the plate material by: measuring the velocity of material exiting from the plate opposite the particle impact side by recording (with a photomultiplier or photon tube) the initial particle plate impact flash; starting a time counter; recording the exiting plate material impact flash on a backstop (with a photomultiplier or photo tube), stopping the time counter, dividing the recorded time into the known distance between plate and backstop to obtain the exiting material velocity and dividing the exitinG material velocity by two to obtain the plate material velocity.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
269 words
A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by making use of the facts that material velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same material velocity in the same material plate; by comparing the material velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the material velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence between the unknown particle material velocity in the plate and a known particle material velocity in the plate; and, measuring the plate material by: measuring the velocity of material exiting from the plate opposite the particle impact side by recording (with a photomultiplier or photon tube) the initial particle plate impact flash; starting a time counter; recording the exiting plate material impact flash on a backstop (with a photomultiplier or photo tube), stopping the time counter, dividing the recorded time into the known distance between plate and backstop to obtain the exiting material velocity and dividing the exitinG material velocity by two to obtain the plate material velocity.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
251 words
A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by comparing the shockwave velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the shockwave velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence of the unknown particle shockwave velocity in the plate with a known particle shockwave velocity in the plate; making use of the facts that shockwave velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same shockwave velocity in the same plate; and, measuring the shockwave velocity by: starting a time counter upon recording the impact flash; recording the impact flash on the plate front surface; determining the time the shockwave reaches the plate rear surface by recording the impact flash of plate and argon gas; and stopping the time counter, to thereby derive the shockwave velocity by the time it takes to travel from the front to rear surface of a known finite thickness plate.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
251 words
A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by comparing the shockwave velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the shockwave velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence of the unknown particle shockwave velocity in the plate with a known particle shockwave velocity in the plate; making use of the facts that shockwave velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same shockwave velocity in the same plate; and, measuring the shockwave velocity by: starting a time counter upon recording the impact flash; recording the impact flash on the plate front surface; determining the time the shockwave reaches the plate rear surface by recording the impact flash of plate and argon gas; and stopping the time counter, to thereby derive the shockwave velocity by the time it takes to travel from the front to rear surface of a known finite thickness plate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-21 | 1978-04-22 | 1978-10-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-21 | 1982-04-22 | 1982-10-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-21 | 1986-04-22 | 1986-10-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |