Determining particle density using known material hugeniot curves

Claim 1

A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by making use of the facts that material velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same material velocity in the same material plate; by comparing the material velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the material velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence between the unknown particle material velocity in the plate and a known particle material velocity in the plate; and, measuring the plate material by: measuring the velocity of material exiting from the plate opposite the particle impact side by recording (with a photomultiplier or photon tube) the initial particle plate impact flash; starting a time counter; recording the exiting plate material impact flash on a backstop (with a photomultiplier or photo tube), stopping the time counter, dividing the recorded time into the known distance between plate and backstop to obtain the exiting material velocity and dividing the exitinG material velocity by two to obtain the plate material velocity.

Claim 2

A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the material velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by making use of the facts that material velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same material velocity in the same material plate; by comparing the material velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the material velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence between the unknown particle material velocity in the plate and a known particle material velocity in the plate; and, measuring the plate material by: measuring the velocity of material exiting from the plate opposite the particle impact side by recording (with a photomultiplier or photon tube) the initial particle plate impact flash; starting a time counter; recording the exiting plate material impact flash on a backstop (with a photomultiplier or photo tube), stopping the time counter, dividing the recorded time into the known distance between plate and backstop to obtain the exiting material velocity and dividing the exitinG material velocity by two to obtain the plate material velocity.

Claim 3

A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by comparing the shockwave velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the shockwave velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence of the unknown particle shockwave velocity in the plate with a known particle shockwave velocity in the plate; making use of the facts that shockwave velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same shockwave velocity in the same plate; and, measuring the shockwave velocity by: starting a time counter upon recording the impact flash; recording the impact flash on the plate front surface; determining the time the shockwave reaches the plate rear surface by recording the impact flash of plate and argon gas; and stopping the time counter, to thereby derive the shockwave velocity by the time it takes to travel from the front to rear surface of a known finite thickness plate.

Claim 4

A method to determine the density of unknown material particles wherein the closing velocity is known between the impacting particles and a plate of known material comprising: determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by the unknown material particle of known closing velocity; determining the shockwave velocity that would be produced in the plate by various known material particles having the same known closing velocity upon impact with the plate; deriving the unknown particle material density by comparing the shockwave velocity said unknown particle produced in the known material plate and the shockwave velocities that were produced in the plate by the various known different material particles upon impact; obtaining a coincidence of the unknown particle shockwave velocity in the plate with a known particle shockwave velocity in the plate; making use of the facts that shockwave velocity in the plate is ordered on impacting particle density alone with all other variables held constant and that similar density impacting particles having the same density produce the same shockwave velocity in the same plate; and, measuring the shockwave velocity by: starting a time counter upon recording the impact flash; recording the impact flash on the plate front surface; determining the time the shockwave reaches the plate rear surface by recording the impact flash of plate and argon gas; and stopping the time counter, to thereby derive the shockwave velocity by the time it takes to travel from the front to rear surface of a known finite thickness plate.