Patent US1989458A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US3841001A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3841001A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Models representing molecular structure
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1972-05-11
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Granted: 1974-10-15
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Expires: 1992-05-11
Abstract
Abstract In a model representing a molecular structure comprising atoms and interatomic bonds, a unit representing a multivalent atom comprises a spherical body having a plurality of integral arms radiating from the body and a single socket comprising a cylindrical hole of circular cross section extending diametrically of the body to a depth greater than the radius of the body and less than the diameter. The number of arms is one less than the valence number of the atom represented. Each of the arms has a portion of polygonal cross section adjacent the spherical body and a circular cylindrical end portion of a diameter to fit tightly into the socket of another unit. The cylindrical end portion of the arm is at least as long as the depth of the socket and has a radiused end portion engaging a like inner end of the socket so as to determine the extent to which the arm is inserted in the socket and thereby determine accurately the interatomic distance between adjacent units.
Inventors
- 👤 B Nicholson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 08:49
CPC Classifications
G; G09; G09B; G09B23/00; G09B23/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
254 words
A scale model representing a molecular structure comprising atoms and interatomic bonds, comprising a plurality of units each representing a multivalent atom, each of said units comprising a spherical body having a single socket comprising a cylindrical hole of circular cross section extending diametrically of said body with a depth greater than the radius and less than the diameter of said body and a plurality of iNtegral arms representing interatomic bonds radiating from said body, the number of arms being one less than the valence number of the atom represented, said single socket and said arms being oriented relative to one another at substantially the correct valency angles of said atom, each of said arms having at its free end a cylindrical portion of a diameter to fit tightly into a like socket of another unit of said model representing another atom, said cylindrical portion having a length at least as great as the depth of said socket, said cylindrical portion seating against the bottom of said socket to define accurately the depth of penetration of said cylindrical portion in the socket, the total length of said arm being substantially greater than the depth of said socket such that when the end of said cylindrical portion is seated on the bottom of the socket the length of the arm defines the interatomic distance between the atoms, whereby said units are assembled with an integral arm of one unit fitting tightly into the socket of another unit without play to form a substantially rigid structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
254 words
A scale model representing a molecular structure comprising atoms and interatomic bonds, comprising a plurality of units each representing a multivalent atom, each of said units comprising a spherical body having a single socket comprising a cylindrical hole of circular cross section extending diametrically of said body with a depth greater than the radius and less than the diameter of said body and a plurality of iNtegral arms representing interatomic bonds radiating from said body, the number of arms being one less than the valence number of the atom represented, said single socket and said arms being oriented relative to one another at substantially the correct valency angles of said atom, each of said arms having at its free end a cylindrical portion of a diameter to fit tightly into a like socket of another unit of said model representing another atom, said cylindrical portion having a length at least as great as the depth of said socket, said cylindrical portion seating against the bottom of said socket to define accurately the depth of penetration of said cylindrical portion in the socket, the total length of said arm being substantially greater than the depth of said socket such that when the end of said cylindrical portion is seated on the bottom of the socket the length of the arm defines the interatomic distance between the atoms, whereby said units are assembled with an integral arm of one unit fitting tightly into the socket of another unit without play to form a substantially rigid structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A molecular model according to claim 1, in which said arms have portions of polygonal cross section adjacent said spherical body for orienting said units angularly relative to one another.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
A molecular model according to claim 1, in which the radius of the spherical body is between one quarter and one half of the van der Waal''s radius of the atom expressed in the same scale as the interatomic distance defined by said arms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A molecular model according to claim 3, in which the scale is at least approximately 1 cm. 1 A.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A molecular model according to claim 1, in which the diameter of said socket is between 10 and 50 percent of the diameter of said spherical body.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
47 words
A molecular model according to claim 1, in which a unit representing a carbon atom has three said integral arms, the axes of said arms and socket intersecting at the center of said spherical body and being disposed at an angle of approximately 108* to one another.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
A molecular model according to claim 2, in which the transition from said polygonal to said cylindrical portion of each said arm occurs at a distance from the center of the spherical body equal to the scale carbon-hydrogen interatomic bond distance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
177 words
A molecular model according to claim 1, further comprising a unit representing an invariant group comprising an integral structure including a plurality of spherical bodies spaced from one another and representing atoms, integral bar portions interconnecting said spherical bodies and representing interatomic bonds, the length of said arms representing interatomic distances, at least one of said spherical bodies having a single socket comprising a cylindrical hole of circular cross section extending diametrically of said body with a depth greater than the radius and less than the diameter of said body and at least one of said bodies having an integral arm representing an interatomic bond projecting radially from said body and having at its free end a cylindrical portion of a diameter to fit tightly into a like socket of another unit of said model and a length at least as great as the depth of said socket, whereby a plurality of units are assembled by fitting a said integral arm of one unit tightly into a socket of another unit to form a substantially rigid structure.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
A molecular model according to claim 8, in which at least one of said spherical bodies has an integral radially projecting arm which is shorter than said first mentioned arm and has a length representing a carbon-hydrogen interatomic bond distance.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-14 | 1978-04-15 | 1978-10-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-14 | 1982-04-15 | 1982-10-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-14 | 1986-04-15 | 1986-10-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |