Patent US3840288A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3840288A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrochromic display having electro-catalyst
Assignee: Optel Corp
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Filing: 1973-07-30
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Granted: 1974-10-08
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Expires: 1993-07-30
Abstract
Abstract An electrochromic device comprises a layered structure including a transparent conductive electrode, an electrochromic layer thereon, an ion permeable insulator on said electrochromic layer, an electrocatalytic layer on said insulator, and a sponge material on said electrocatalytic layer said sponge material containing substances which are ionizable by the electrocatalytic layer, the ions formed thereby either themselves being diffusable through or acting to permit other ions to diffuse through said insulator layer and stabilizing or promoting coloration of said electrochromic layer.
Inventors
- 👤 S Schnatterly
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:38
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/153; G02F1/1533
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
40 words
AN ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE COMPRISING A LAYERED STRUCTURE INCLUDING A TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE ELECTRODE, AN ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER THEREON, AN ION PERMEABLE INSULATOR ON SAID ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER, AN ELECTROCATALYTIC LAYER ON SAID INSULATOR, AND A SPONGE MATERIAL ON SAID ELECTROCATALYTIC LAYER SAID SPONGE
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
40 words
AN ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE COMPRISING A LAYERED STRUCTURE INCLUDING A TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE ELECTRODE, AN ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER THEREON, AN ION PERMEABLE INSULATOR ON SAID ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER, AN ELECTROCATALYTIC LAYER ON SAID INSULATOR, AND A SPONGE MATERIAL ON SAID ELECTROCATALYTIC LAYER SAID SPONGE
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The device recited in claim 1 wherein said ionIzable materials contained in said sponge are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, water plus oxygen, water and ammonia.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The device recited in claim 1 wherein said sponge material is selected from the group consisting of porous carbon, porous glass, paper, cardboard, cloth, ion exchange membranes and ion exchange resins.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The device recited in claim 1 wherein the electrocatalytic layer is selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, and rhodium.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
35 words
A method of operating an electrochromic device includes the steps of forming ions at an electrocatalyst and diffusing said ions into an insulating layer adjacent an electrochromic layer for promoting coloration of said electrochromic layer.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
35 words
A method of operating an electrochromic device includes the steps of forming ions at an electrocatalyst and diffusing said ions into an insulating layer adjacent an electrochromic layer for promoting coloration of said electrochromic layer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The device recited in claim 1 wherein said electrocatalytic layer is selected from the group consisting of palladium and platinum and wherein said sponge material is porous carbon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
64 words
An electrochromic device comprising a layered structure including a transparent conductive electrode, an electrochromic layer, a layer of an ion permeable insulator devoid of ions capable of forming a bronze with said electrochromic layer, said insulator layer having a thickness of not more than about 100 A., a back electrode comprising an electrocatalytic layer and a sponge layer said electrocatalyst being adjacent said insulator.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
64 words
An electrochromic device comprising a layered structure including a transparent conductive electrode, an electrochromic layer, a layer of an ion permeable insulator devoid of ions capable of forming a bronze with said electrochromic layer, said insulator layer having a thickness of not more than about 100 A., a back electrode comprising an electrocatalytic layer and a sponge layer said electrocatalyst being adjacent said insulator.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
51 words
An electrochromic device comprising a layered structure including a transparent conductive electrode, an electrochromic layer, a layer of an ion permeable insulator having ions therein which form a bronze with said electrochromic layer, a back electrode comprising an electrocatalytic layer and a sponge layer said electrocatalytic layer being adjacent said insulator.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
51 words
An electrochromic device comprising a layered structure including a transparent conductive electrode, an electrochromic layer, a layer of an ion permeable insulator having ions therein which form a bronze with said electrochromic layer, a back electrode comprising an electrocatalytic layer and a sponge layer said electrocatalytic layer being adjacent said insulator.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The device recited in claim 8 wherein said insulator layer is from 1 micron to 50 mils thick.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The device recited in claim 9 wherein said insulator is polycrystalline.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The device recited in claim 9 wherein said insulator is selected from the group consisting of hydrated alkali salts and hydrated alkaline earth salts.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The device recited in claim 9 wherein said insulator consists of a hydrated alkali halide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The device recited in claim 9 wherein said insulator consists of hydrated lithium chloride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device recited in claim 9 wherein the electrocatalytic layer is platinum and said sponge is carbon.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-07 | 1978-04-08 | 1978-10-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-07 | 1982-04-08 | 1982-10-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-07 | 1986-04-08 | 1986-10-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |