Patent US3823872A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3823872A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Nozzle for use in hot liquid ejector pumps, and related process
Assignee: Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Filing: 1972-10-26
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Granted: 1974-07-16
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Expires: 1992-10-26
Abstract
Abstract The efficiency of conventional hot-liquid nozzles of the type normally used to create the driving jet in ejector pumps is increased by eliminating at least a part of the predominantly liquid boundary layer normally found on the inner surfaces of such nozzles. The boundary layer can be eliminated by providing within the nozzle a gas layer in contact with the inner surfaces of the nozzle or by withdrawing from the nozzle liquid making up the boundary layer. This is accomplished by providing in the nozzle wall, means such as orifices, slits or porous sections which permit the transmission of a fluid such as a gas or liquid through the wall. Thus gas can be injected through such means from a source external to the nozzle to form the gas layer within the nozzle, or boundary layer liquid present within the nozzle can be withdrawn from the nozzle. The result of such procedures is to displace, and/or minimize the formation of the liquid boundary layer. The gas can be injected through the nozzle walls at various locations along the length of the nozzle. One technique for physically removing from the nozzle liquid making up the boundary layer is to provide a thin peripheral slit in the nozzle which communicates with a low pressure zone outside the nozzle. The pressure differential causes at least some of the liquid forming the boundary layer to flow out of the nozzle through the slit.
Inventors
- 👤 O Frenzl
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 21:10
CPC Classifications
F; F04; F04F; F04F5/00; F04F5/44; F04F5/46; F04F5/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising means formed in the wall of said nozzle which provide a conduit for the transmission of a fluid through said wall.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising means formed in the wall of said nozzle which provide a conduit for the transmission of a fluid through said wall.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The nozzle of claim 1 wherein said means formed in said nozzle wall comprises orifices for injecting a gas from an external source into said nozzle through the wall of said nozzle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The nozzle of claim 2 wherein said orifices are in the wall of the converging portion of the nozzle.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle unDer pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising means formed in the wall of the nozzle at a point other than the neck portion of the nozzle which provide a conduit for the transmission of a fluid through said wall.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle unDer pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising means formed in the wall of the nozzle at a point other than the neck portion of the nozzle which provide a conduit for the transmission of a fluid through said wall.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising a gas permeable porous section in the wall of said nozzle through which a gas from a source external of the nozzle can be injected through the wall of said nozzle and into said nozzle.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising a gas permeable porous section in the wall of said nozzle through which a gas from a source external of the nozzle can be injected through the wall of said nozzle and into said nozzle.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The nozzle of claim 5 wherein said porous section is in the wall of the diverging portion of the nozzle.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
101 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising a thin peripheral slit in the nozzle wall for withdrawing at least a part of the liquid comprising the boundary layer from said nozzle through said slit.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
101 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, improved means for eliminating at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer ordinarily formed on the inner surfaces of said nozzle, comprising a thin peripheral slit in the nozzle wall for withdrawing at least a part of the liquid comprising the boundary layer from said nozzle through said slit.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The nozzle of claim 7 wherein said peripheral slit is in the wall of the diverging portion of said nozzle.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
47 words
The nozzle of claim 1 wherein said means formed in said nozzle wall comprises means for injecting a gas from an external source into said nozzle through the wall of said nozzle to provide in said nozzle a gas in contact with the wall of the nozzle.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
95 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, the improvement comprising means for forming on the inner surface of said nozzle in contact with said liquid a layer of said fluid in its gaseous state, said layer being formed by gas injected into said nozzle from a gas source external to the nozzle.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
95 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid fed to the converging portion of said nozzle under pressure and in the liquid state, the improvement comprising means for forming on the inner surface of said nozzle in contact with said liquid a layer of said fluid in its gaseous state, said layer being formed by gas injected into said nozzle from a gas source external to the nozzle.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
118 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to vertically exaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises a porous section in said nozzle in contact with the interior of said nozzle, an enclosure surrounding said porous section and having a chamber therein communicating with said porous section, and means for supplying said fluid to said chamber, in its gaseous state, whereby said gaseous fluid permeates said porous section and creates on the inner surface of said porous section a layer of said gaseous fluid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
118 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to vertically exaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises a porous section in said nozzle in contact with the interior of said nozzle, an enclosure surrounding said porous section and having a chamber therein communicating with said porous section, and means for supplying said fluid to said chamber, in its gaseous state, whereby said gaseous fluid permeates said porous section and creates on the inner surface of said porous section a layer of said gaseous fluid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The nozzle of claim 11 wherein said porous section forms an intermediate part of the diverging portion of said nozzle.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
108 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises a converging portion comprising an upstream and downstream converging cone separated by an intermediate section, means disposed in said intermediate section for creating a flow obstacle to the stream flowing through The intermediate section, and means for injecting said fluid, in its gaseous state, through the walls of said cylindrical section downstream of said obstacle creating means.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
108 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises a converging portion comprising an upstream and downstream converging cone separated by an intermediate section, means disposed in said intermediate section for creating a flow obstacle to the stream flowing through The intermediate section, and means for injecting said fluid, in its gaseous state, through the walls of said cylindrical section downstream of said obstacle creating means.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
84 words
The nozzle of claim 13 wherein said means for creating an obstacle comprises a plurality of ribs extending radially into said intermediate section from the wall of said intermediate section, and wherein said means for injecting said fluid comprises a plurality of orifices in the wall of said intermediate section, said orifices communicating with manifold means from which said fluid, in its gaseous state, is supplied to said orifices, said orifices being disposed to inject said fluid into the wake created by said ribs.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
134 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises means forming a slit in the diverging portion of said nozzle which provides communication between the interior and exterior of said diverging portion, a jacket enclosing at least a portion of said diverging portion and containing therein a hollow chamber, said chamber communicating with said slit, and means for creating in said chamber a pressure lower than that prevailing in said nozzle, whereby liquid on the inner surface of said nozzle is drawn out of said nozzle through said slit into said chamber.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
134 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement which comprises means forming a slit in the diverging portion of said nozzle which provides communication between the interior and exterior of said diverging portion, a jacket enclosing at least a portion of said diverging portion and containing therein a hollow chamber, said chamber communicating with said slit, and means for creating in said chamber a pressure lower than that prevailing in said nozzle, whereby liquid on the inner surface of said nozzle is drawn out of said nozzle through said slit into said chamber.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
48 words
The nozzle of claim 15 wherein said means forming said slit comprises two separate axially aligned and cooperating portions forming said diverging portion of said nozzle, and means for maintaining said axially aligned portions in spaced relationship to form said slit between the adjoining edges of said portions.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The nozzle of claim 15 wherein said slit is a thin peripheral slit.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
113 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement comprising means for providing on the inner surface of the nozzle, from means other than the vaporization of the liquid feed to the nozzle caused by the diverging portion of the nozzle, and from a gas source external to the nozzle, a gaseous fluid in contact with the inner surface of the nozzle which is capable of making an energy contribution to the nozzle.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
113 words
In a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion and adapted to partially evaporate and atomize a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state introduced into said converging portion, the improvement comprising means for providing on the inner surface of the nozzle, from means other than the vaporization of the liquid feed to the nozzle caused by the diverging portion of the nozzle, and from a gas source external to the nozzle, a gaseous fluid in contact with the inner surface of the nozzle which is capable of making an energy contribution to the nozzle.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises eliminating from the inner surfaces of the nozzle at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer normally associated with said surfaces by providing in the wall of said nozzle means for transmitting a fluid through said wall, and then passing a fluid through said means.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises eliminating from the inner surfaces of the nozzle at least a portion of the predominantly liquid boundary layer normally associated with said surfaces by providing in the wall of said nozzle means for transmitting a fluid through said wall, and then passing a fluid through said means.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said means comprises orifices in the nozzle wall and wherein said fluid is a gas which is injected through said orifices into said nozzle from a gas source external to the nozzle.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said means comprises a porous section in the nozzle wall and wherein said fluid is a gas which is injected through said porous section into said nozzle from a gas source external to the nozzle.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said means comprises a peripheral slit in the nozzle wall and wherein the fluid is liquid present in the nozzle which passes from the interior to the exterior of the nozzle through said slit.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said boundary layer is eliminated by providing (1) a hollow chamber enclosinG the diverging portion of the nozzle and (2) a thin peripheral slit in said diverging portion which communicates with said chamber, and creating in said chamber a pressure less than that prevailing in said diverging portion whereby liquid is withdrawn from said nozzle through said slit.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
69 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said boundary layer is eliminated by passing a gas, from a gas source external to the nozzle, through said fluid transmission means in said nozzle wall to form in said nozzle a gaseous layer and maintaining said gaseous layer in contact with the inner surface of said nozzle, said gaseous layer further characterized in that it creates an energy addition to the nozzle.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said hot fluid is water.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
101 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing in the diverging portion of said nozzle a porous section and injecting said fluid in its gaseous state, through said porous section and into said nozzle to form on the inner surface of said nozzle a gaseous layer of said fluid.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
101 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in the liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing in the diverging portion of said nozzle a porous section and injecting said fluid in its gaseous state, through said porous section and into said nozzle to form on the inner surface of said nozzle a gaseous layer of said fluid.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing a converging portion comprising two converging cones separated by an intermediate section, said section containing a plurality of ribs extending into said intermediate section and a plurality of orifices upstream of said ribs, and injecting into said intermediate section through said orifices said fluid, in its gaseous state, to form on the inner surface of said nozzle a layer of said gas.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing a converging portion comprising two converging cones separated by an intermediate section, said section containing a plurality of ribs extending into said intermediate section and a plurality of orifices upstream of said ribs, and injecting into said intermediate section through said orifices said fluid, in its gaseous state, to form on the inner surface of said nozzle a layer of said gas.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing a thin peripheral slit in the diverging portion of the nozzle and a hollow jacket surrounding said enclosure and creating in said hollow jacket a pressure less than that prevailing in the nozzle, whereby liquid present in said nozzle passes into said hollow jacket through said slit.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
106 words
In a method which comprises introducing into the converging portion of a nozzle of the type used in hot water ejector systems comprising a converging portion and a diverging portion interconnected by a neck portion, a hot fluid under pressure and in liquid state, and partially evaporating and atomizing said fluid in said nozzle, the improvement which comprises providing a thin peripheral slit in the diverging portion of the nozzle and a hollow jacket surrounding said enclosure and creating in said hollow jacket a pressure less than that prevailing in the nozzle, whereby liquid present in said nozzle passes into said hollow jacket through said slit.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-07-15 | 1978-01-14 | 1978-07-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-07-15 | 1982-01-14 | 1982-07-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-07-15 | 1986-01-14 | 1986-07-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |